Draft: Word of Wisdom Chronology

 

Word of Wisdom Chronology

Rough Draft, Clair Barrus 

Originally serially published here.

-- Mar 05, 1623

[U.S. Religious History] The Virginia colony enacted the first American temperance law. (1)

 

-- During 1814

[Sidney Rigdon] Solomon Spalding, wife, & daughter move from Pittsburgh to Amity, Washington Co., operate a "temperance" tavern (2)

 

-- During abt. 1817

[Joseph Smith] Smith, Sr. opens a "cake and beer shop" in Palmyra, selling "gingerbread, pies, boiled eggs, root-beer, and other like notions of traffic", and peddles these on the street from a handcart during Independence Day celebrations and military training days".... (3)

 

-- During 1819-1820s

[Joseph Smith] Smith, Jr. works as a clerk for the peddling of cake and beer on public occasions, and sometimes is duped into accepting counterfeit coins from other youth. .  (3)

 

-- Sep 21, 1823

Joseph prays for forgiveness for his "foolish errors" and "weaknesses of youth," and is visited three times during the night by an angel named Moroni. Moroni tells him about a hidden book and quotes scriptures from the books of Acts, Joel, Isaiah, and Malachi. Moroni's quotation of Malachi is recorded as D&C 2. (JS-H 1:28-47.) (According to Joseph's neighbors' later testimony, Joseph's "weaknesses of youth" consisted of fighting and drinking—Donna Hill, Joseph Smith: The First Mormon 56.) (4)

 

-- Feb 13, 1826

[U.S. Religious History] The first The American Temperance Society was founded in Boston. It would later be renamed the American Temperance Union and would become a national cause. Within a decade there were over 8,000 like-minded groups with more than 1.5 million members. (1)

 

-- fall  1827

[Joseph Smith] According to Tucker , "notorious wags" William T. Hussey and Azel Vandruver visit the Smith home and say they are willing to view the golden plates, taking upon themselves the risk that they would be being struck dead if they saw them. They observe something "concealed under a piece of thick canvas". After Hussey removes the canvas and sees a tile brick, Smith claims to have pulled a joke on the men, and "with the customary whiskey hospitalities, the affair ended in good-nature". (3)

 

-- During 1828

"[Alcohol destroys the individual] until all that was once lovely and of good report, retires and leaves the wretch abandoned to the appetites of a ruined animal. ... The sea has made a clear breach over him, and swept away forever whatsoever things are pure, and lovely, and of good report." [Lyman Beecher, 'Six Sermons on the Nature, Occasions, Signs, Evils, and Remedy of Intemperance'] (5)

 

-- During abt. June or later 1829

[Joseph Smith] Oliver Cowdery receives a revelation called the Articles of the Church of Christ, about "how he should build up his church & the manner thereof". it discusses the ordination of priest and teachers, and calls members to meet regularly to partake of bread and wine. (3)

 

-- August [1-7], 1830

[Word of Wisdom] Newel Knights and his wife paid us a visit at our place in Harmony. Neither his wife nor mine had been as yet confirmed, and it was proposed that we should <have sacrament together &> confirm them; before he & his wife should leave us.

               In order to prepare for these things I set out—to go to procure some wine for the occasion. I had however gone but a short distance when I was met by a heavenly messenger, and had the following revelation [D&C 27]. the first paragraph of which was written at this time, & the remainder in Septer following

               Agreeable to this revelation we prepared some wine of our own make, and <and> held our meeting which consisted only of five; viz: Newel Knight & wife myself & wife and John Whitmer. We partook together of the sacrament after which we confirmed the two sisters into the Church, and spent the evening in a glorious manner. The Spirit of the Lord was poured out upon us and we praised God & rejoiced exceedingly. (6)

 

-- Aug 25, 1830

The JOURNAL OF HEALTH, published semi-monthly at Philadelphia, concludes a year-long series of articles denouncing the use of ardent spirits, tobacco, tea, and coffee in the strongest terms. It claims, "The most deadly of all poisons, the prussic acid, has been detected in green tea." It also advises, "A substitution almost entire, of vegetable for animal substances . . ." (7)

 

-- Dec 27, 1832 (27-28 December 1832 and 3 January 1833)

Section 88, Place: Kirtland, Geauga County, Ohio.

              Historical Note: .... The salutation recorded in D&C 88:133 was given each time the group came together. The teacher "saluted the brethren [with uplifted hands] as they came in," remembered Zebedee Coltrin, one of the original school, and "they also answered with uplifted hands." Coltrin also stated, "Before going to school we washed ourselves and put on clean linen." Members of school came fasting at sunrise and normally continued until near 4:00 P.M.

              The Sacrament was "administered at times when Joseph appointed, after the ancient order; that is, warm bread to break easy was provided, and broken into pieces as large as [a] fist and each person had a glass of wine." At the conclusion of each meeting, the scholars were dismissed following a prayer with uplifted hands.... (8)

 

-- Feb 26, 1833

The May 1833 issue of the American Quarterly Temperance Magazine reports that "Simultaneous Temperance Meetings" by various temperance societies were held across the nation on or around February 26, 1833. (5)

 

-- Feb 27, 1833

Health guidelines with promise of health, wisdom, and deliverance from the destroying angel.DD&C 89, Feb. 27, 1833.C 89, Feb. 27, 1833.

              Bro. Coltrin: When the Word of Wisdom was first presented by the Prophet Joseph (as he came out of the translating room) and was read to the School, there were twenty out of the twenty-one who used tobacco and they all immediately threw their tobacco and pipes into the fire.

              Original: Fredrick, Newell (6)

 

-- May 23, 1833

[Word of Wisdom] Observance

              [May 26, 1833] ... we arrived at Kirtland, Ohio, having travelled 500 miles ... on the next day we hired a house in the City of Brother Joseph Coe & moved into it. Brother Cousin Joseph took Brother Brown's family home with him--his Wife asked Sister Brown if she would like a cup of tea or coffee after her long journey--in a few days they settled in company with Elder Jos. H Wakefield they purchased a large wagon ... & settled [in Chagrin] contrary to the council of the Prophet & they all afterward apostatized, assigning as a reason that the Prophet's Wife had offered them tea & coffee <w[hi]ch was> contrary to the word of wisdom, & that they had actually seen Joseph the Prophet <come down out of> the translating room & go to play with t his children. (6)

 

-- about Jul 10, 1833

Kirtland, Ohio. Joseph Smith clarified to the Saints that the hot drinks spoken of in the Word of Wisdom included tea and coffee. (9)

 

-- During 1833

During the American Temperance Movement, William Alcott writes in the 'Young Man's Guide,' "resolve to free yourselves from slavery to tea and coffee.  Experience has taught me, that they are injurious to health... I do say, that to pour down regularly, every day, a quart or two of warm liquid, whether under the name of tea, coffee, soup, grog, or any thing else, is greatly injurious to health."

              He also warns of the dangers of Tobacco, suggests the judicious consumption of fruits in the summer, encourages moderate consumption of spirits.

              "Be not too hasty of meats;  for excess of meats bringeth sickness ...  Show not thy valiantness in wine;  for wine hath destroyed many."

               "there are so many reasons for early rising that if I can persuade the reader to go to bed early, I shall have little fear of his lying late in the morning." (5)

 

[Prohibition] Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were advised against the consumption of alcohol as early as 1833, when Joseph Smith received a revelation known as "The Word of Wisdom," which advised against the consumption of wine and strong drink. Smith's revelation came the same year that the United States Temperance Union with one million members was established to campaign for total abstinence from liquor because of the social and economic ills created by drunkenness. (10)

 

-- Feb 12, 1834

Kirtland Council meets at Joseph Smith's house. Joseph "went on to give us a relation of his situation at the time he obtained the record, the persecution he met with &c. He also told us of his transgression at the time he was translating the Book of Mormon." Council minutes go on to say "the case of Bro. Martin Harris, against whom certain charges were preferred by bro. Sidney Rigdon, [was presented]. One was that he told Edqr. A. C. Russel that Joseph drank too much liquor when he was translating the Book of Mormon and that he wrestled with many men and threw them &c. . . . Bro. Martin said he did not tell Edqr Russell that bro. Joseph drank too much liquor while translating the Book of Mormon, but this thing took place before the Book of Mormon was translated." (11)

 

-- Feb 20, 1834

[Word of Wisdom] Required

              [Joseph:] no official member in this church is worthy to hold an office after having the words of wisdom properly taught to him, and he, the official member, neglecting to comply with, or obey them (6)

 

-- Apr 5, 1834

John Johnson petitions the court of common pleas in Chardon for a license to maintain a tavern in Kirtland. Joseph testifies in his behalf.

              In 1837 a committee was appointed to "see if he would desist from selling spirituous liquors to those who were in the habit of getting intoxicated, and report to the authorities of the Church those members who might drink spirits at his house." (12)

 

-- Jul 7, 1834

[Orson Pratt Journal, http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/OPratt.html] .... The high council established according to the pattern given by our blessed Savior Jesus Christ, send greeting:  DEAR BRETHREN--We have appointed our beloved brother and companion in tribulation, John Corrill, to meet you in the name of the Lord Jesus. He, in connection with others also duly appointed, will visit you alternately for the purpose of instructing you in the necessary qualifications of the Latter-day Saints; that they may be perfected, that the officers and members of the body of Christ may become very prayerful and very faithful, strictly keeping all the commandments, and walking in holiness before the Lord continually; that all that mean to have the destroyer pass over them, as the children of Israel, and not slay them, may live according to the "word of wisdom," that the Saints, by industry, diligence, faithfulness, and the prayer of faith, may become purified, and enter upon their inheritance, to build up Zion, according to the word of the Lord.... (13)

 

-- 1834. October 4

(Aurelia S. Rogers) Her family joined the Church and moved to Nauvoo when she was seven. Aurelia learned to smoke a pipe at her grandmother's knee, but finally responded to a "monitor within that told me it was wrong, and what it would lead to if persisted in: I should be, if I lived, an old lady smoker. This thought disgusted me, for I never did like to see women smoke." (14)

 

-- 1834: 9 December

[Patriarchal Blessings] Hyrum Smith. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "Hyrum, thou art my oldest son whom the Lord has spared unto me: ... Thou has always stood by thy father, and reached forth the helping hand to lift him up when he was in affliction; and though he has been out of the way through wine, thou has never forsaken him nor laughed him to scorn. for all these kindnesses the Lord my god will bless thee. ... (15)

 

-- During 1834

Brother Eleazar Miller with some half a dozen others joined the company with three horses, about noon. a little East of Rochester, this recruit was very seasonable, as many of our Horses were afflicted, as they very frequently are, in changing country climate and food, many of the horses after eating the dry corn, and Prairie Grass, would be seized with the colic and bloat very bad<ly> when brother Ezra Thayer would administer<ed> a dose of medicine mixed in a Quart Store Bottle, prepared as follows; a three penny paper of tobacco-half an ounce of [coperas?], and two table spoons <full> of Cayenne Pepper, and the bottle filled with water, when he could not procure Whiskey-one half of a bottle constituted a dose, and would almst invariably cure a sick horse in a few minutesand is worthy of remembrancebrother Thayer called his medicine 18 by 24. (16)

 

(Martin Harris) Tried by the Kirtland High Council for accusing Joseph Smith of not understanding the Book of Mormon, of wrestling too much, and of drinking while translating the Book of Mormon, Martin confessed that his mind had been darkened so that he said things inadvertently. (14)

 

Leonard Rich: Tried 1834 for "Word of Wisdom" (temperance) infraction but forgiven (17)

 

[Orson Pratt Journal, http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/OPratt.html] [Jan. 20, 1834. - I started for Kirtland, preaching by the way. (MS 27:73)]  January 26th. Being the Sabbath we attended a meeting among the brethren at Geneseo. I preached upon the Word of Wisdom.  (13)

 

-- Mar 29, 1835

At 11 A.M. at the Kirtland Temple, Joseph Smith and four counselors meet in "Most Holy Place in the Lord's House and sought for a revelation from Him to teach us concerning our going to Zion. . ." After uniting in prayer three times they "call the other Presidents, the two Bishops and their councils (each to stand in his place) and fast through the day and also the night." The "word of the Lord" comes through Joseph Smith "that those who had entered the Holy Place must not leave the House untill morning, . . .we must clens[e] our feet and partake of the sacrament . . . Accordingly we proceeded and cleansed our faces and our feet, and then proceeded to wash each other's feet." Sidney Rigdon and Joseph Smith's wash each other's feet after which Rigdon washes Joseph Smith Senrio's and Hyrum Smith's feet. Joseph Smith washes Frederick G. Williams's feet and then Hyrum Smith washes David Whitmer's and Oliver Cowdery's feet. David Whitmer and William W. Phelps wash each other's feet. "The Bishops and their councils were then washed, after which we partook of the bread and wine." They stay in the temple all through the night. (11)

 

-- Apr 4, 1835

Excommunication

              April 4, 1835 at a conference in Freedom, New York, Elder Chester L. Heath, a member of the Avon-Geneseo church, is excommunicated for breach of covenant and not observing the Word of Wisdom. Sidney Rigdon presides. (6)

 

-- May 11, 1835

[Quorum of Twelve] ... The branch at Laona was represented by Elder Edmond Fisher, one of the The number of disciples being Twenty in good standing but rather low in spirit in consequence of a neglect to keep the word of wisdom.

              After some further instructions by the council on general principles, the conference adjourned until 8 o'clock AM Monday May 11. (18)

 

-- May 22, 1835

[Quorum of Twelve] ....  Priest W.  Marks represented the branch in Portage to be in fellowship but do not generally obey the "word of wisdom". He also represented the church in Grove to have remained the same as when last represented. Also the church in Burns to be 30 in good standing... (18)

 

-- May 26, 1835

W. W. Phelps, having just arrived in Kirtland, writes to his wife about the remarkable unity of the Saints at that place, stating, "They keep the word of wisdom, drink cold water, and don't even mention tea and coffee; they pray night and morning." (Donna Hill, Joseph Smith: The First Mormon 188.) (4)

 

-- Jun 6, 1835

[Joseph Smith] A conference is held in New Portage, Ohio, presided over by Oliver Cowdery. Some are tried for breaking the Word of Wisdom, and some new members are baptized. (4)

 

-- Jun 19, 1835

[Quorum of Twelve] ...Five of the Counsellors then proceeded to give the Conference such information upon church government the nature of the spiritual gifts, and the exercise of these in wisdom, upon the “word of wisdom" and also upon the propriety of choosing wise men and sending them with their moneys to purchase lands in Zion and in the regions round about, so that they might not gather in confusion but have all things prepared before them. The conference unanimously acquiesced in the teachings of the counsellors & resolved to put them in practice as fast as practicable. ... (18)

 

-- Aug 19, 1835

Almon Babbitt's defense for breaking the Word of Wisdom: Joseph and others don't observe it. Admonished to live it anyway. (12)

 

Elder Babit charged with not keeping the Word of Wisdom; says he followed the example of Joseph Smith and others, but repented. (19)

 

[Joseph Smith] Church court tries Almon W. Babbitt on charges of breaking the Word of Wisdom and stating that the Book of Mormon is not essential to salvation. He claims that he was only following the example of Joseph and others. He is reproved, and he finally repents and is forgiven. (4)

 

-- Oct 7, 1835

Joseph calls on his father and finds him "very low." He "administered some mild herbs, agreeably to the commandment." Newel K. Whitney and Hyrum Smith start for Buffalo to purchase goods for the store. Joseph gives N. K. a blessing. (12)

 

[Joseph Smith] Joseph goes to his father's home to administer some mild herbs to him. Joseph records a blessing on Bishop Whitney, for his generosity to the poor. (4)

 

-- 7-Oct 11, 1835

[Lucy Mack Smith] Joseph Sr. becomes very ill with a fever. Joseph Jr. administers mild herbs; when they have no effect, Joseph Jr. administers to him with David Whitmer, rebuking the disease. Joseph Sr. "arose, dressed himself, shouted, and praised the Lord." They wake up William to sing "songs of praise" with them (HC 2:289). (20)

 

-- Dec 14, 1835

[Joseph Smith Diary] ...To day Samuel Branum came to my house much afflicted with a swelling on his left arm which was occasioned by a bruise  on his elbow. We had been called to pray for him and anoint him with oil, but his faith was not sufficient to effect a cure. My wife prepared a poultice of herbs and applyed to it and he tarryed with me over night.

              Spent the day at home reading Hebrew and visiting friends who called to see me. To day I received a letter fram Elder Orson Hyde from his own hand. (21)

 

-- Dec 26, 1835

Section 108, Place: Kirtland, Geauga County, Ohio.

              Historical Note: ...   This preparation [for the Kirtland endowment] intended to sanctify the brethren, involved the following:.

              1. Confessing the sins and asking forgiveness,.

              2. Covenanting to be faithful to God,.

              3. Having one's body washed and bathed with cinnamon-perfumed whiskey,.

              4. Washing one's own body with pure water and perfume,.

              5. Having one's head anointed with holy oil,.

              6. Having the anointing blessing sealed with uplifted hands (the sealing blessing consisting of three parts: solemn player, a sealing prayer, and the hosanna shout), and.

              7. Washing of faces and feet and partaking of the Lord's Supper.... (8)

 

-- During 1835

(Almon W. Babbitt) When brought before the Kirtland High Council in 1835 for failing to keep the Word of Wisdom, Babbitt claimed that he "had taken the liberty to break the word of wisdom, from the example of President Joseph Smith, Jr., and others," whereupon the Prophet charged him with "traducing my character." Babbitt was disfellowshipped and later received back into fellowship after "confessing his error." (14)

 

-- Jan 16, 1836

Upon complaints by the Quorum of Twelve Apostles, the First Presidency formally apologizes for not showing them due respect. Oliver Cowdery records in his journal: "met in the evening with bro. Joseph Smith, Jr. at his house, in company with bro. John Corrill, and after pure water was prepared, called upon the Lord and proceeded to wash each other's bodies, and bathe the same with whiskey, perfumed with cinnamon. This we did that we might be clean before the Lord for the Sabbath, confessing our sins and covenanting to be faithful to God. While performing this washing unto the Lord with solemnity, our minds were filled with many reflections upon the propriety of the same, and how the priests anciently used to wash always before ministering before the Lord. As we had nearly finished this purification, bro. Martin Harris came in and was also washed." (11)

 

-- Jan 20, 1836

[Joseph Smith Diary] ...At evening I attended at John Johnson's with my family, on a matrimonial occasion, having been invited to do so, to Join President John F. Boynton and Miss Susan Lowell in marriage. ... I then arose and read aloud a licence granting any minister of the gospel the priviledge of Solemnizing the rights of matrimony. After calling for objection if any there were against the anticipated alliance between Eld[e]r Boynton and Miss Lowell and waiting sufficient time, I observed that all forever after this must hold their peace.

              I then envited them to Join hands and I pronounced the ceremony according to the rules and regulations of the Church of the Latter-day Saints. ...Eld[e]r O[rson] Hyde, Eld[e]r L[uke] Johnson, and Eld[e]r W[arren] Parrish who served on the occasion then presented the Presidency with three Servers filled with glasses of wine to bless. It fell to my lot to attend to this duty, which I cheerfully discharged. It was then passed round in order, then the cake in the Same order. Suffise it to say our hearts were made cheerful and glad, while partaking of the bounty of the earth which was presented untill we had taken our fill.... (21)

 

-- Jan 24, 1836

[Joseph Smith Diary] ... P.M. attended again and saw /the/ Bread and wine administered to the quorems and brethren who were present.

              In the evening met the Presidency in the room over the printing room and counseled on the subject of [the] Endowment and the preperation necessary for  the Solemn Assembly which is to be called when the House of the Lord is finished. (21)

 

-- Feb 7, 1836

[Joseph Smith Diary] .. A vote [was] called and all [were] received into the Church in Kirtland. Bread was broken and blessed and while it was passing President Rigdon commenced speaking from Acts 2d [chapter] and continued [for] about 15 minuits [minutes]. His 22 reasoning was cogent. The wine was then blessed and passed after which [the] meeting [was] dismissed.... (21)

 

-- 1836: 8 March

[Patriarchal Blessings] Oliver Harmon. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "Brother. In the name of Jesus I lay my hands upon thy head acording to the autherity given me of God an the power of the holy Priesthood I seal the blessings of a Father upon thee. .... thou must Seek wisdom & Keep the Word of Wisdom, & thou Shalt live till thou art Satisfied with life, & the distroyer Shall have no power to prevail against thee, thou Shalt have power over death & the grave & not sleep in the dust, but if thou wilt seek with all thy heart thou shalt be able to translate & be with Elijah in the Kingdom of heaven. & if not then God['s] will shall be done.... (15)

 

-- Mar 12, 1836

[Joseph Smith Diary] ...I was informed to day that a man by the name of Clark froze to death last night near this place, who was under the influence of ardent Spirits. O my God, how long will this monster intemperance  find its victims on the earth, me thinks until the earth is swept with the wrath and indignation of God and Christ's Kingdom becomes universal. O come Lord Jesus and cut short thy work in rightieousness.... (21)

 

-- Mar 29, 1836

[Joseph Smith Diary] At evening I met with the Presidency in the Temple of the Lord. The Lord commanded us to tarry and san[c]tify our selves by washing our feet.

              ...Soon after this, the word of the Lord came to us through Pres[i]d[en]t J[oseph] Smith, Jun[ior], that those who had entered the Holy Place must not leave the House untill morning, but send for such things as were necessary, and also that during our stay we must cleans[e] our feet and partake of the sacrament that we might be made holy before Him, and thereby be qualified to officiate in our calling upon the morrow in washing the feet of the Elders.

              Accordingly we proceeded and cleansed our faces and our feet, and then proceeded to wash each other's feet. President S[idney] Rigdon first washed Pres[i]d[en]t J[oseph] Smith, Jun[ior], and then in  turn was washed by him. After which President Rigdon washed Pres[i]d[en]t J[oseph] Smith, Sen[ior], and Hyrum Smith. /Pres[i]d[en]t/ J[oseph] Smith, Jun[ior], washed Pres[i]d[en]t F[rederick] G. Williams, and then Pres[iden]t Hyrum Smith washed President David Whitmer's feet and President Oliver Cowdery's. Then Pres[ident] D[avid] Whitmer washed Pres[ident] W[illiam] W. Phelps' feet and in turn Pres[ident] Phelps washed Pres[ident] John Whitmer's feet.

              The Bishops and their councils were then washed, after which we partook of the bread and wine. The Holy S[p]irit rested down upon us and we continued in the Lord's House all night prophesying and giving glory to God. (21)

 

-- Mar 30, 1836

Joseph Smith washes the feet of the Quorum of Twelve, "it was expedient for us to prepare bread and wine sufficient to make our hearts glad . . . Tubs water and towels were prepared . . . and then the Twelve proceed to wash the feet of the Presidents of the several quorums. . . .The bread and wine were then brought in, and I observed that we had fasted all the day. . . The brethren continued exhorting, prophesying, and speaking in tongues until 5 o'clock in the morning. The Savior made His appearance to some, while angels ministered to others, and it was a Pentecost and an endowment indeed, long to be remembered." ... (11)

 

[Joseph Smith Diary] 30th Wednesday morning, 8 o'clock, March 30th 1836 According to appointment the Presidency, the 12 [Apostles], the Seventies, the High Councils, the Bishops and their entire quorums, the Elders, and all the official members in this Stake of Zion amounting to about 300 met in the Temple of the Lord to attend to the ordinance of washing feet.

              I ascended the pulpit and remarked to the congregation that we had passed through many trials and afflictions since the organization of this Church and that this is a year of jubilee to us and a time of rejoicing, and that it was expedient for us to prepare bread and wine sufficient to make our hearts glad, as we should not probably leave this house until morning. To this end we should call on the brethren to make a contribution; the stewards passed round and took up a liberal contribution and messengers were dispatched for bread and wine.

              Tubs, water, and towels were prepared and I called the House to order and the Presidency preceeded to wash the feet of the 12 [Apostles], pronouncing many prophecys and blessings upon them in the name of the Lord Jesus. The brethren began to prophesy  upon each others' heads and cursings upon the enimies of Christ who inhabit Jackson County, Missouri. Continued prophesying, blessing, and sealing them with Hosanna and Amen until nearly 7 o'clock P.M.

              The bread /and wine/ was then brought in and I observed that we had fasted all the day, and lest we faint as the Saviour did so shall we do on this occasion. We shall bless the bread and give it to the 12 [Apostles] and they to the multitude, after which we shall bless the wine and do likewise.

              While waiting for the wine I made the following remarks: ... (21)

 

-- Apr 16, 1836

Future-apostle Charles C. Rich describes his endowment ceremony-experience in the Kirtland Temple: "We then continued to fast and pray until the setting of the sun when we Broke Bread and Drank wine[.] we prophesied all night pronouncing blessings and cursings until the morning light[.] there was Great manifestations of the power of God . . . and I was filled with the spirit of prophesy and I was endued with power from on high." (7)

 

-- May 16, 1836

[Joseph Smith] Joseph is involved in Church courts concerning a variety of charges, such as drinking, family neglect, adultery, unChristian-like conduct, and lying. (4)

 

-- 1836: 11 September

[Patriarchal Blessings] Betsy Pratt. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "In the name of Jesus Christ I lay my hands upon thy head as thou hast no father in the Priesthood and seal on thee a fathers Blessing. .... Keep the word of wisdom be faithfull and you shall overcome all besetments and receive Blessings in Zion which are great if thou shalt desire it. thou shalt see Angels. thou shalt speak in Tongues the wonderfull works of God yea if faithfull thou shalt see thy Children serving the Lord in righteousness in the Land of Zion. this is thy Blessing which is for thee and thy Children throughout their generations if faithful in keeping the commandments of the Lord and thou shalt desire it, thou shalt live to the age of seventy-five. even so, Amen." [Age, 37; Scribe, ? Gibbs.] (15)

 

-- Dec 3, 1836 (Sunday)

Sidney Rigdon calls for a vote "to discountenance the use intirely of all liquors from the Church in Sickness & in health except wine at the Sacraments & for external Washing. The vote was Carried eunanimously." (12)

 

-- Dec 4, 1836

[Word of Wisdom] Sacrament and Washing Only

              [Kirtland:] President RIGDON called a vote of the Church to discountenance the use intirely of all liquors from the Church in Sickness & in health except wine at the Sacraments & for external Washing. The vote was carried eunanimously. (6)

 

-- April 3-6, 1837

[Joseph Smith] A  conference  of the Church is held in Kirtland, with a solemn assembly held on April 6 for the purpose of the washing of feet, anointing, and receiving various instructions. Other meetings are held by different quorums, leading up to a general meeting on April 6. The seventies who have previously been ordained high priests are released from their callings as seventies, and new seventies are called and ordained. Joseph explains that the Melchizedek Priesthood is "no other than the Priesthood of the Son of God." He also says, "After all that has been said, the greatest and most important duty is to preach the Gospel." He talks about "embarrassment, of a pecuniary nature," stating that $6,000 is still needed by the members in Missouri, and $13,000 is needed for the debts caused by the building of the Lord's House in Kirtland. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper is passed, using bread and water. This is the first mention of water being used in the sacrament instead of wine. (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes)2:475-80.) (4)

 

-- May 28, 1837

[Joseph Smith] The Presidency of the Church at Far West resolve unanimously not to fellowship any member of the Church who will not observe the Word of Wisdom literally. (4)

 

-- During 1837 May

Priesthood bearers who do not observe the literal interpretation of the Word of Wisdom are not to be fellowshipped. John Whitmer, W. W. Phelps, Edward Partridge, Isaac Morley, and John Corrill are authorized to sell Far West lots for the church. (12)

 

-- During May 1837

Fellowship

              [Far West high council:] we will not fellowship any ordained member who will or does not observe the Word of Wisdom according to its litteral reading.

              All Elders to Observe (6)

 

-- Jun 11, 1837

[Joseph Smith] A high council meeting is held at Far West, Mo. The high councilors resolve that no Church member should sell spirituous liquors or trade with any person who does. Joseph meets to instruct those called to England (Heber C. Kimball, Orson Hyde, Joseph Fielding, and Dr. Willard Richards). They are told to preach only the first principles of the gospel, and not to teach about the gathering, the vision (D&C 76), or the book of the Doctrine and Covenants. (4)

 

-- June 12-14, 1837

[Joseph Smith] Joseph is sick, too sick to raise his head from his pillow to bid farewell to those leaving on their missions. While he is sick, enemies say he is suffering from the curse of God for teaching the Church things that are contrary to godliness. On June 14 Dr. Levi Richards gives Joseph some herbs and mild food, and suddenly his health is restored. (4)

 

-- 1837: 13 June

[Patriarchal Blessings] Flora Jacobs. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "Our father in heaven we stand in thy presence thy eyes are constantly upon us thy Servant feels his weakness & claims assistance look on this thy handmaiden if any sins lurk about her heart forgive her let her Soul be pure let her name stand on thy book of life ...  Thou art a daughter of Israel a daughter of Ephraim art of the blood of the Covenant thy children shall be gathered with the house of Joseph this is thy blessing I seal it on thy head It is given thee on conditions of keeping the commandments and the word of wisdom I seal thee up to eternal life Amen."  [Age, 24; Scribe, ?] (15)

 

[Patriarchal Blessings] Hannah Augusta Cheesbro. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "Sister--with feeling and in the name of Jesus Christ the Son of God, I lay my hands on thy head and bestow on thee a Father's blessing. .... If thou art faithful the heavens shall open to thee and thou shalt look within the vail--for the vail of heaven shall be opened to thee, that thou mayest see--

              not one jot of this blessing shall fail--it is given thee on condition of keeping the commandments and 'Word of Wisdom!' I seal it on thy head and I pray my Heavenly Father to seal it in heaven.... (15)

 

-- Nov. 6-7, 1837

[Joseph Smith] The apostles and the bishopric are also sustained, and the congregations ban trading with liquor, tobacco, coffee, tea shops, etc. (4)

 

-- Nov 7, 1837

[Word of Wisdom] Boycott Purveyors

              Far West general assembly votes to boycott stores that sell "spirituous liquors, Tea, Coffee or Tobacco." (6)

 

-- Dec 25, 1837 (Monday)

The first general conference by Latter-day Saints in England was held in the "Cock Pit," at Preston. The Church in England numbered already about one thousand members. At this conference the Word of Wisdom was first publicly taught in England. (22)

 

-- Dec 25, 1837

[Joseph Smith] In England the missionaries hire the "Cock Pit" for preaching. They meet there this Christmas day with 300 Saints for the first conference held in England. They teach the Word of Wisdom to the Saints, the first time that it is publicly taught in England. Joseph closes his record of this year with the comment, "Apostasy, persecution, confusion, and mobocracy strove hard to bear rule at Kirtland, and thus closed the year 1837." (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 2:529.)  ___ (4)

 

-- 1838: 7 January

[Patriarchal Blessings] Perrigrine Sessions. (Given by Isaac Morley.)

              "Brother Sessions, I lay my hands upon thy head in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth and seal upon your head a Patriarchal Blessing...If you wilt notice the Word of Wisdom thy days shall be prolonged upon the earth and if it is the desire of thy heart thou shalt become a hunter among the mountains of the West and thy steps betrodden upon the banks of the Pacific to seek and to hunt out the long dispersed people and thou shalt obtain that faith that was once delivered to the saints, neither bar nor gate shall be any barrier in thy way.... (15)

 

-- Jan 26, 1838

[Word of Wisdom] Oliver, David, and John

              Oliver Cowdery drinks tea three times a day in winter for his health. David and John Whitmer drink tea and coffee--do not consider them hot drinks. (6)

 

-- Feb 5, 1838

A Far West meeting of the "whole Church in Zion" votes to remove David Whitmer, John Whitmer, and W. W. Phelps from their positions as "Presidents of the Church" in Missouri. David Whitmer was accused of persisting "in the use of tea, coffee, and tobacco." All three men allegedly encouraged the sale of Jackson County lands, a transgression which Joseph Smith had earlier declared "a denial of our faith, as that is the place where the Zion of God shall stand, according to our faith and belief in the revelations of God." Thirteen months later Joseph Smith advises the Saints to "sell all the land in Jackson, and all other lands in the State [of Missouri]" (11)

 

-- 1838

February 5: A Far West meeting of the "whole Church in Zion" voted to remove David Whitmer, John Whitmer, and W. W. Phelps from their positions as "Presidents of the Church" in Missouri. David Whitmer was accused of persisting "in the use of tea, coffee, and tobacco." All three men allegedly encouraged the sale of Jackson County lands, a transgression which Joseph Smith had earlier declared "a denial of our faith, as that is the place where the Zion of God shall stand, according to our faith and belief in the revelations of God." (14)

 

-- Feb 5, 1838

[Joseph Smith] A general assembly of the Church is held at Far West, Mo., to decide whether or not David Whitmer, John Whitmer, and W. W. Phelps should continue as the (stake) presidency of the Church in Missouri. The assembly is repeated at other Mormon settlements for the next four days. After lengthy arguments, there is an almost unanimous vote to reject these three as presidents. Whitmer and Phelps are accused of having used $1400 of Church funds to buy Missouri lands and then selling them to the Saints for a profit. They are also accused of having sold lands in Jackson County, which constituted a denial of the faith (because of the prophecies concerning the eventual return to Jackson County). David Whitmer has also been charged with breaking the Word of Wisdom. (4)

 

-- During February 1838

[Word of Wisdom] David

              George M. Hinkle denounces David Whitmer for using tea, coffee, and tobacco. (6)

 

-- Mar 10, 1838

[Word of Wisdom] John Whitmer is criticized for teaching that "a man could drink liquor once in a while, but not make a free use of it &c." (6)

 

-- Apr 8, 1838 (Sunday)

[Joseph Smith Sermon] (Location: Far West, Missouri, USA

              Source: Ebenezer Robinson Record -Far West Record, 161) President Joseph jr made a few remarks respecting the Kirtland Bank. . .

              President Joseph Smith jr next made a few remarks on the word of wisdom, giving the reason of its coming forth, saying it should be observed. (23)

 

-- Apr 13, 1838

In Kirtland, Ohio, David Whitmer is excommunicated for, among other things, "writing letters to the dissenters in Kirtland unfavorable to the cause, and to the character of Joseph Smith, Jun." He is also charged with "possessing the same spirit with the dissenters," failure to observe the Word of Wisdom, neglecting meetings, and signing his name to official Far West documents after being removed from the presidency there. (7)

 

-- Apr 14, 1838

Not a Capital Offense

              An elder opposing Word of Wisdom "erred in spirit, therefore, feel to admonish him, but do not find anything in him worthy of death or bonds." (6)

 

-- May 6, 1838 (Sunday)

[Joseph Smith Sermon]  This day, President Smith. delivered a discourse. ... He also instructed the Church, in the Mistories of the Kingdom of God; giving them a history of the Plannets &c. and of Abrahams writings upon the Plannettary System &c. In the after part of the day Prest. Smith spoke upon different Subjects he dwelt some upon the Subject of Wisdom, & upon the word of Wisdom. &c. (23)

 

-- Jun 29, 1838

[Word of Wisdom] Lyman Wight, guilty of public drunkenness, is given a month to confess. (6)

 

-- During June 1838

Lyman Wight: Convicted of public intoxication by high council 29 June 1838, confessed (17)

 

-- Jul 26, 1838

First presidency, high council, bishop's council set First Presidency prerogatives: can sell their properties at a profit and consecrate the rest, direct bishop in expenditures. Stop sale of liquor, petition to move county seat to Far West. (12)

 

[Joseph Smith Diary] July 26th 1838 This day the First Presidency, High Council, and Bishop's Court met ...  Mooved and carried that we use our influence to put a stop to the selling of Liquiors in the City [of] Far West or in our midst, That our streets may not be filled with drunk[e]ness. And that we use our influence to bring down the price of provisions.... (24)

 

-- 1838: 31 July

[Patriarchal Blessings] Loren W. Babbitt. (Given by Joseph Smith, Sen.)

              "Dear Brother thou art in thy youth and meight yet do much good if thou wilt be faithful yet Satein desires that he may have the[e] and sift the[e] as wheat for menny are his devides and graet are his temptations and I seal the Patricarchial blessing upon thee that thou meight have power to escape his grasp and be an insteriment in the hand of thy god of doing much good in the earth for thou art a decendant of Jacob and an hear [heir] of god jointly with Jesus Christ who is Dear to all the Children of god and if thou wilt keep the commandments of god and observe the word of wisdom thou shalt live to see thy three score years and ten and be satisfied with life and receive blessings even all and more then my tong[u]e can tell or thy heart conceave ... (15)

 

-- Nov 8, 1838

General Wilson surrounds Adam-ondi-Ahman, Adam Black convenes a court of inquiry. Joseph and other prisoners in Independence start for Richmond with three guards who get drunk. Prisoners take their arms and horses but apparently do not attempt to escape. (12)

 

[Joseph Smith] General Wilson surroundes Adam-ondi-Ahman. Joseph and some of the other prisoners in Independence leave for Richmond. Their guards become drunk, but no escape is attempted. (3)

 

-- Apr 6, 1839 (Saturday)

Joseph Smith, jun., and fellow-prisoners were started from Liberty jail, to Gallatin, Daviess County, Mo., where they arrived on the 8th, and were again subjected to a mock trial before a drunken court and jury. (22)

 

-- Apr 9, 1839

Gallatin, Missouri. Joseph Smith's trial commenced before a drunken grand jury and judge. (9)

 

[Joseph Smith] Joseph's trial begins before a drunken grand jury. Judge Morin visits him in Millport that evening and recommends that they escape to avoid enduring persecution. (4)

 

-- Apr 16, 1839 (Tuesday)

The guard being drunk, Joseph Smith, jun., and fellow-prisoners made their escape. After a severe journey they arrived at Quincy, Ill., on the 22nd. (22)

 

-- about Apr 16, 1839

Gallatin, Missouri. While traveling to Boone County under the guard of Sheriff William Morgan and four men, Joseph Smith and his company were encouraged to escape from the guards, who then all became drunk. (9)

 

-- Apr 16, 1839

[Joseph Smith] Joseph's guard gets purposely intoxicated and tells Joseph he has been instructed never to reach Boone County with the prisoners. Three of the guards get drunk, while the fourth helps Joseph and the other prisoners saddle horses and escape. When the sheriff returns to Gallatin, the people become very angry, and ride the sheriff out of town on a rail. Joseph and the others head for Quincy, Ill. (4)

 

-- Sep 17, 1839

[Brigham Young] --17-- My wife crossed the river and got a boy with a wagon to bring her up about a mile to Brother Kimball's to see me.

              I remained until the 18th at Brother Kimball's, when we started, leaving his family also sick.

              Brother Charles Hubbard sent his boy across the prairie fourteen miles to a shanty on the railroad, where Brother O. M. Duel lived. Sister Duel helped the boy to get our trunks out of the wagon. We went into the house feeling very much fatigued. She made us a cup of tea which very much revived us. We tarried there one night. ... (25)

 

-- Sep 18, 1839

Went to Burlington, Iowa Territory. Elders Young and Kimball left Sister Kimball and all her children sick, except little Heber; fn went thirteen miles on their journey towards England, and were left at Brother Osmon M. Duel's, who lived in a small cabin near the railway between Commerce and Warsaw. They were so feeble as to be unable to carry their trunks into the house without the assistance of Sister Duel, who received them kindly, prepared a bed for them to lie on, and made them a cup of tea. (12)

 

-- Oct 11, 1839

[Brigham Young] On the 11th, resumed my journey in company with Brothers H. [Heber] C. Kimball, Geo. [George] A. Smith, Theodore Turley and Brother Kimball's father-in-law, Mr. Murray. The brethren had exchanged horses at Springfield, and with a little assistance from the brethren there, we obtained a two-horse wagon. The sisters fitted me up a bed in the wagon to ride on, as I was unable to sit up.

              We travelled eight miles, and put up with Father Draper for the night. When we went into the house, Brother George A. Smith dropped on to the hearth a bottle containing some tonic bitters, which the brethren had prepared for us because of our sickness. At this Father Draper was very much astonished, and said "You are a pretty set of Apostles, to be carrying a bottle of whiskey with you." We explained to him what it was; this appeased his righteous soul, so that he consented to have us stay over the night. ... (25)

 

-- After 1838

Joseph Smith receives liquor license in Nauvoo. (19)

 

-- Jan 1, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Brother James Lea from Bedford has called in at T[homas] Miller's and I have been with him to see his wife and children. One child is sick. .... He states that when he entered the Inn it was merely as steward hence the Liquors &c was not judged and he did not know anything about untill he sent his master word that he would leave. Then his master brought in a heavy Bill against him which involved him in great difficulty. He was obliged to sacrifice his goods to get to Manchester. They both seem very humble. He acknowledges having been unfaithful. (26)

 

-- Jan 18, 1840

In Manchester England Wilford Woodruff performs an exorcism: "We found the sister possessed of the Devel & a burning fever on the brain. She was rageing & trying to tare herself although in the hands of three or four men." Woodruff anoints her head with oil and then administers the oil to her internally. William Clayton writes, "after washing her forehead with rum she appeared better and we left her." (11)

 

-- Jan 18, 1840. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Had conversation with Brother Heath who says as follows. That once he drank a little wine which was for Joseph [] and several other things. The statements made by Brothers Heath and Featherstone was very contradictory. I told him he had better remain at M[anchester] untill I had wrote to my brethren.... (26)

 

-- Jan 20, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Br[eakfast] at T. Millers. Dinner at Sands and tea. Wrote a letter to Burslem. Sup[per] at T. Millers. Have prayed with 8 sick today. Have been much gratified with the brethrens conversations. S. Green gave me 2/-towards brethrens coach fare. Last week Sister Bewsher gave me new drawers. Have had a little talk with Brother Berry on teetot[alers]. (26)

 

-- Jan 24, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... Called at Brother Paul [Harris's]. Find him much grieved at Brother Jacksons conduct. It seems Brother Jackson has spoken false concerning him. He (Paul) still says that he put nothing in the wine after I had reproved him. He has only little work. But seems humble &c. Called at Sister M[ary] Ann Johnsons. Found her comfortable but very poor. Will try to do something for her. Called at Sister Whiss's. Find her better. Eliz[abeth] poorly. Took cocoa with Eliza. But I would rather not because they have it not to spare. If we did not Eliza would be grieved.... (26)

 

-- Jan 30, 1840. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] Dinner at Sister Greens. Ellen Battersby fetched me a pint of porter.... (26)

 

-- Feb 4, 1840

In England William Clayton writes, "Sarah Crooks gave me a pint of porter [porter's ale, a dark brown beer]" While Clayton has left his wife and family to go on a mission to England both he and Sarah Crooks wish they could be married to each other. (11)

 

-- Feb 4, 1840. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal]  Water at T. Millers. Talked with Sussanah Miller. She has no faith in the word of wisdom and has not kept it. She has not the same degree of knowledge which the other saints have. Loves her acquaintance in Babylon &c. She seemed better when we parted. (26)

 

-- Feb 5, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal]  Went to Brother B. [] Sister Perkins gave me  a tea cup full of Red Wine. C. at M[ary] Miller. (26)

 

-- Feb 15, 1840. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Took supper and staid till 10 1/2. Susan very sick. Rebecca fetched a pint of Porter into the street. Read a letter today from Brother Woodruff. Wrote on Tuesday. Have heard today that there has been 14 baptised at Manchester since last Sabbath and 4 at Stockport. E. Miller gave me a half crown. (26)

 

-- Feb 16, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] I spoke about 1 hour to the church. Confirmed 13 blessed 1 child, anointed 3 and prayed with 6. Tarried in the room and R[ebecca] Partington fetched some cocoa. She is a loving soul. Preached at night about 1-10 on the gifts of the spirit. Several given us their names to be baptized on Tuesday night. Had considerable talk with C. Beates after meeting. Had 14 oranges and about a dozen sweet cakes given to me. Sister Bewsher gave me a pint of Porter. (26)

 

-- Feb 19, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Sister Poole has been and says Susan is jealous of Thomas [Miller]. He wants her out of the way. If she was to die he would be married again in 3 months &c. Thomas wanted to know who he would be married to &c. She would not tell him. He says he will not go to his work untill she does tell him and she says she will not. Thomas is very much troubled &c. Thomas has practiced kissing all in the house before he goes to bed &c. Went to Bewshers to dinner. She gave me a pint of Porter. (26)

 

-- Feb 28, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Was called up before six to Brother Batemans wife. She was in labour. She was delivered before I got there. A girl. Prayed with her. Took Breakfast and returned and wrote a letter to Brother Richards. Went to Wm. Millers to Dinner. Sarah Perkins gave me a pint of Porter and some Raisins. (26)

 

-- Mar 3, 1840. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Hardman's. Went to see Brother Burgess wife and child. She has been disobedient. She seems very penitent. She has a cow dung plaster on her breast. We promised her in the name of the Lord that if she felt to repent and begin to live faithful she should receive a blessing. We anointed and prayed with her and []. Went to Newton to Sister Booths to Dinner and Water. Sister White and Mary Aspin was there. To T. Millers to Pancake. There was too much lightness. I had little to do with it. Sarah Crooks bath my forehead with rum and gave me some mint drops. Sister Booth gave me some raisins. Sarah is anxious to know where to go to lodge. I told her I preferred Rulingtons. (26)

 

-- Mar 6, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal]  Went to see Sister Burgess. Prayed with her and anointed her breast. Prayed with Maria. Prayed with R. Williams. Went to Sister Cath[erine] Beates to dinner [sixteen lines crossed out]. She also saw in a dream Brother Richards and Robert Williams and one of Hardmans Sons and old Richard Hardman sitting in a room  together. Brother Richards seemed sick and in trouble. The room opened above their heads and she saw 12 small children dressed in white. One of them was Brother Richards child. She knew it. It came down and sat on his shoulder and bending down looked in his face. The scene closed. She says Brother R[ichards] will not live long. He is expecting a many things but in some he will be disappointed. She says she foresaw all that has taken place concerning Arthur Smith. And she prophecies bad concerning Sister Mary Wytch &c. Took tea with her. (26)

 

-- Mar 15, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast with Sarah and Rebecca. Preached this A.M. about 1 1/4 on Isaiah Chapter 40. To Bewshers to Dinner. Gave me 2 oranges and a pint of Porter.  (26)

 

-- Mar 27, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Sarah [Crooks] and Rebecca [Partington] gave me supper. Sarah washed my head with [rum]. (26)

 

-- Mar 28, 1840. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went to Brother [Thomas] Jennings. Met him on the road. He said his wife had not been fairly. Brother [Joseph] Jackson had not acted scripturally. I asked how. He answered the scriptures say if thy brother sin against thee tell him his fault alone &c. Yes I said but a public transgression required a public acknowledgment. He said he could not find it in scrip. I answered Paul says them that sin rebuke before all that others also may fear &c. He seemed rather stubborn and hard against Brother Jackson. His wife has been drunk and calling in the street in a very disgraceful manner. She had said to the effect that the L D S were L D devils &c. Brother J[ennings]  wanted to cover it up and was not willing that his wife should make  acknowledgment to the church. I went forward to see Sister J[ennings] and when I had been in a little while Brother Jackson came in. She seemed quite bitter against him because he had exposed her before the church and told all the subject in [plain words]. I reasoned considerable with her and she seemed to grow milder. She said she had never had so much of the spirit since she joined the church as she had when among the ranters &c. (26)

 

-- Mar 30, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Rebecca brought me raw egg in some red wine. Went to T. Millers to Dinner. Received a letter from Brother Fielding and one from Brother Woodruff. Sent one to Brother Alfred Cordon. Water at Hardmans. Went to Prestwich on Narrow lane. Preached on Revelations 14.6. Several are ready to be baptized. Sarah at the preaching house. Eliza Prince and Ann Jackson came to meet us and walked behind. Eliza seemed to be in a fret. Betsy Crooks and Dewsnup went with me. 6 baptized at Dukinfield yesterday, 5 at Manchester. My feet were very sore to[night]. Sarah washed them and gave me a pint of warm Porter. I lent her Book of Doc[trine] and Cov[enants]. (26)

 

-- Apr 1, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] To Bewsher's to Dinner. Brother Bewsher gave me more than a pint of Porter. Betsy Crooks gave me some figs. (26)

 

-- Apr 3, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Dinner and Coffee at Sister Booth's. Sister Mary Aspen gave me £1 for a Bible and some raisins.  (26)

 

-- Apr 6, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Hardman's. Sent a letter to D[avid] Wilding. Dinner at T. Millers. Brother Fielding  has been very sick. Water at T. Millers. Went to Pendlebury. Preached near an hour on the destruction of the gentiles &c. Got home at 11 o'clock. Supper with Sarah and Rebecca. They gave me a pint of Porter. Sarah washed my feet. (26)

 

-- Apr 8, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Elizabeth Mayor seems somewhat careless. She says the saints don't love her. She has observed a great difference since her mother died &c. Brother Bewsher gave us some Porter. Went to see Sister Birch. She gave me an orange. To Brother Bewshers to C[]. From thence I went to Worsely and preached on Revelations 20. Was opposed by a Methodist, Daniel Bradshaw. Took something to eat with Mary. She gave me a glass of Porter. I got to Manchester about 11 o'clock, nearly through. Sarah had some egg milk ready and she washed my feet and I then went to bed. (26)

 

-- Apr 9, 1840. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] This morning Rebecca brought some red wine and a raw egg in it. She also gave me 2 oranges. (26)

 

-- Apr 10, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Supper with Sister E[llen] Battersby. She gave me a pint of Porter. She is much troubled about the Itch &c. Betsy Crooks gave me some raisins. (26)

 

-- Apr 12, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went to Brother M. Greens to Dinner. Had conversation with Mr. Goodson. I took a little beer. (26)

 

-- Apr 17, 1840

[Brigham Young] --17-- I met with the Quorum of the Twelve at Mother Moon's. She presented a bottle of wine for us to bless and partake of, which she had kept for forty years, and she said there was something providential in its preservation for when she was married she designed to use it, but forgot until the event was over, and when her first child was married it was also forgotten, and so it had passed over several events until she now had the privilege of presenting it to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.... (25)

 

"This day the Twelve blessed and drank a bottle of wine at Penworthan, made by Mother Moon forty years before." (7)

 

-- Apr 17, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] This day the brethren have come from Preston. Brigham Young, P. P. Pratt, Orson Pratt, Heber C. Kimball, George A. Smith, Willard Richards, Willford Woodruff, Ruben Hadlock, H[ira]m Clark and J[osep]h Fielding. We have each had a glass of wine which my brother in law made 40 year since. (26)

 

-- Apr 18, 1840. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went to B. Budge with Brother Stafford &c. Returned home and got dinner. Borrowed 4 of my wife to pay my Coach fare. Went to Preston and took Railway at 2 1/2. Got to Manchester 2-12 in company with brothers Clark and Smith. Saw Sister E. Ravenscroft. She gave me a new watch guard and brought a letter from E. Bromley. Sister H. Parkinson gave me 3 oranges. Margaret Jones gave me 2. Sarah and Rebecca gave me water and supper. Sarah gave me 1 pint of Porter and told me that C[atherine] Beates had told her that great trouble was coming upon her and she must keep herself single for she would scarce have an inch of ground to stand upon. I felt poorly tonight. My limbs and [head] ached very bad. (26)

 

-- Apr 19, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] My head still very bad. Sarah brought me some wine and a egg in it. Breakfast with Sarah and Rebecca. Brother Clark preached this morning. To B to dinner. Had a pint of Porter. .... I told B[etsy] Crooks that she should have her companion again. She is a loving young woman and desires to do right. I feel to love her much. Supper with Sarah and Rebecca. (26)

 

-- Apr 21, 1840. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Hardman's. Spent this A.M. with Brother Pratt in ascertaining the expense of printing a monthly paper. Dinner at Wm. Millers. Tea at old Mrs. Millers after which Brother Pratt and I went to [] fair. Went to see some wild animals. Brother Pratt went to preaching at Cookson Street. I remained at home. E. Gladstone [gave me an orange] and Sister Mary Wood a smelling bottle. Supper with Sarah and Rebecca. Alice is poorly and seems low. (26)

 

-- May 1, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Supper with E. Battersby. She gave me a pint of Porter. Sister Sands was took very dangerously ill through miscarriage. She has been growing careless. Had hardness against me and was giving way to the world. She says she will be better. (26)

 

-- May 4, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Alice Hardman and her mother is vexed at each other. Alice says her mother would soon break up the house if I was not there. Got a letter from my wife. Went to printing office to start the printer. Dinner at Sister Walkers. Spent the P.M. with Sarah and Alice. Water with Sarah then she went with me to Pendlebury. Preached on Matthew 24 this gospel &c. Full house. [] tea and returned. I found some oyster left by B[etsy] and C[hristiana] Crooks. (26)

 

-- May 8, 1840. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal]  Nothing particular at council meeting. John Bailey has been drunk again. To be visited again and if he will not repent to be cut off. I spake to the officers to be faithful and set a good example. Teach the church unity &c. Supper with E[llen] Battersby. She gave me a pint of porter. C[hristiana] Crooks gave me 1/- Betsy Crooks 2/- and sweets. (26)

 

-- May 9, 1840. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal]  Found Brother Taylor better. Supper with Cannons. Had a pint of warm Porter at R[]. (26)

 

-- May 12, 1840. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Cannons. Went with Brother Taylor to see Sister Harrington. Took dinner and tea and returned to Brother Dumvills. (26)

 

-- May 17, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] Supper with Sarah and Rebecca. They gave me a pint of warm porter. 2 baptized at Pend. (26)

 

-- May 20, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast with Rebecca. Went to Bewshers to Dinner. Had a pint of porter. Returned to fetch 200 stars from office. C. with Rebecca. Brother Garner is gone to Liverpool this A.M. to start for America. 3/- was sent from Brother Clark. Left by a sister. [] On Monday night Alice and Hannah went to Brother Pratts and tarried til near 11. [Nineteen lines crossed out.] I took Railway at 5 o'clock and was at home at 7. Found all Matthias Moons family except John who was gone to Liverpool but he soon returned. Had a little made wine. (26)

 

-- May 27, 1840. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went to Preston. Met Brother Kimball at the Railway and we started. Arrived in 1 3/4 hours. Called at Hardmans and took Water and then went to the office where we found Brothers Pratt, Young, and Taylor. Supper with Sarah and Rebecca. Brother Kimball slept with me. I had a fit of sickness tonight. I drank 6 pints of brandy which gave me ease. (26)

 

-- May 28, 1840. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] Took breakfast at Sister [Elizabeth] Pooles. Brother Kimball sent for a quart of Porter. Dinner with Sarah and Rebecca. I went to the office a little and in the P.M. my face began to be very bad. I had it washed with brandy and went to bed about 12 but was obliged to get up again about 1 and continued up untill 4 1/2. I suffered a great deal. (26)

 

-- Jun 1, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Hardman's and Dinner with Sarah and Rebecca. Went to Prestwich and preached on the Priesthood Hebrews chapter 7. After preaching I spake to the members on the words of wisdom and afterwards ordained Brother Walker Johnson priest. Took tea and returned. Met Sarah Crooks.  She seems low and poorly. Supper with Rebecca. There was come thunder and heavy rain soon as I got home. (26)

 

-- Jun 27, 1840

William Clayton writes in his diary: "At night Brother Green spake in tongues. The power of Satan was powerfully manifested upon some of the Sisters. Sarah [Crooks of whom the married Clayton was attracted towards] gave me a pint of porter." (7)

 

-- Sep 7, 1840. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Breakfast at Perkins. Sister Jane Hardman sent me a watch guard and four penny box to remember her by. Brother T. Miller gave me a new hat. Left Perkins about 11 for Railway. Was obliged to get a cab in St. Arms Square. Was a few minutes to late at the office. Went to Mr. Thompsons where I took dinner. She gave me a glass of wine. ... (26)

 

-- Oct 11, 1840. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... The first thing that struck my attention was all the men and women I saw sitting cross legged  and all the left leg over the right. Elder Adams preached on the principles of the gospel. After preaching we took bread and wine... (26)

 

-- Jan 19, 1841

Section 124, The construction of the Nauvoo House. (See verses 22-24, 56-82, 111-12, 117, and 119-22.) ...  Sale of spirituous liquors in the house was to be prohibited. ... (8)

 

-- Jan 23, 1841

In England Wilford Woodruff and Heber C. Kimball visit "the Largest Wine vault in the world. . . . We had a tasting order & found the wine a good article. But it seemed dreadful to see such vast sums of money expended for intoxicating drinks when there are thousands nearly starving for bread in the streets." Woodruff writes, "We left this scenery & called into a Jewish Synagogue & attended a meeting of the Jews. They all worship with their hats on." (11)

 

-- Feb 15, 1841

[Joseph Smith] Joseph, as chairman of the committee on vending of spirituous liquors, suggests a bill that would prohibit selling whiskey in smaller quantities than a gallon. After a long debate it is passed. Joseph says, "I spoke at great length on the use of liquors, and showed that they were unnecessary, and operate as a poison in the stomach, and that roots and herbs can be found to effect all necessary purposes." (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 4:298-99.) (4)

 

-- Apr 7, 1841, Wednesday

[William Clayton Writings] Alanson Ripley had his Bishopric taken from him for frequently being drunk and not fit for business. (27)

 

-- Apr 15, 1841

[Brigham Young] April 15.-- Elders O. [Orson] Pratt, W. [Willard] Richards, George A. Smith, Levi Richards and myself, having bid the Saints in Manchester good-bye, went to Liverpool, and arrived in time to attend a tea party at the Music-hall, where 200 Saints were seated at table together. I addressed the meeting a short time, and was followed by several of the Twelve. At the close of the party the Twelve met a few moments, and agreed to sail on Tuesday.  (25)

 

-- Sep 5, 1841

Joseph Smith "preached to a large congregation at the Stand, on the Science and practice of Medicine, desiring to persuade the Saints to trust in God when sick, and not in an arm of flesh, and live by faith and not by medicine, or poison, and when they were sick, and had called for the Elders to pray for them, and they were not healed, to use herbs and mild food." (7)

 

[Joseph Smith Journal] [I preached to a large congregation at the Stand, on the Science and practice of Medicine, desiring to persuade the Saints to trust in God when sick, and not in an arm of flesh, and live by faith and not by medicine, or poison, and when they were sick, and had called for the Elders to pray for them, and they were not healed, to use herbs and mild food.] (28)

 

-- Oct 7, 1841

[Brigham Young] --7-- Brother Joseph and several of the Twelve called on me. We went to meeting, when Joseph spoke on temperance, virtue, charity and truth. After the meeting I met with the Twelve and high priests quorum. The word of wisdom was brought up; I expressed my views upon the subject, and said I considered it wisdom to use all things put into our hands according to the best judgment God would give us: wisdom was justified of her children. (25)

 

-- During Oct 1841

[Black History] In a discourse on fault-finding among the brethren, Smith tangentially comments upon the curse Noah laid upon Ham, and states that the curse remains upon the posterity of Canaan until the present day. "I referred to the curse of Ham for laughing at Noah, while in his wine, but doing no harm. Noah was a righteous man, and yet he drank wine and became intoxicated; the Lord did not forsake him in consequence thereof, for he retained all the power of his priesthood, and when he was accused by Canaan, he cursed him by the priesthood which he held, and the Lord had respect to his word, and the priesthood which he held, notwithstanding he was drunk, and the curse remains upon the posterity of Canaan until the present day" (History of the Church, 4:446). (29)

 

-- Nov 7, 1841 (Sunday)

[Joseph Smith Sermon] 7th Sunday I first called upon Br Joseph with some of the Twelve from thence to B. Young from thence to the meeting ground near the Temple whare I found many hundreds of Saints Elder Wm Clark preached about 2 hours when Br Joseph arose & reproved him as pharisaical & hypocritical & not edifying the people Br Joseph then delivered unto us an Edifying address ...  what many people called sin was not sin & he did many things to break down superstition & he would break it down he spoke of the curse of ham for laughing at Noah while in his wine but doing no harm. (23)

 

-- January the 18th 1842

[High Council Minutes] The High Council of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day [Saints] of Nauvoo Illinois met in council at the office of Elder Hyrum Smith.

              1st President William Marks stated that the object of the meeting of the Council was to take into consideration the affairs of the Church, to set in order all things relative to their duty as Councellors, to call on the Bishops and see if they call the Lesser Priest-hood together, if they do their duty, if the Priests visit from house to house, if there was no malice, no hardness, no difficulty in the Church, that he wished to have them make a record of all who do their duty, who keep the word of wisdom &c He recommended that the Bishops adopt such measures as would be most practicable and useful for th to bring about such an order of things, that their reports be brought before the High Council that they may have a knowledge of their proceedings and the situation of the Church.... (30)

 

-- January the 21st 1842

[High Council Minutes] 2nd Elder Hyrum Smith spoke showing the proper order of things. Spoke, at length, on the word of wisdom, the necessity of obeying it, how it had been trifled with, the temporal danger in not obeying and the blessings in obeying it. (30)

 

-- Mar 20, 1842 (Sunday Morning)

[Joseph Smith Sermon] The speaker before closing called upon the vast assembly before him to humble themselves in faith before God & in mighty prayer & fasting to call upon his Holy name untill the elements were purified over our heads & the earth sanctified under our feet that the inhabitants of this city may escape the power of the disease pestilence & destroyer that rideth upon the face of the earth & that the holy spirit of God may rest upon this vast multitude (23)

 

-- Mar 24, 1842

[Joseph Smith] Joseph attends to the completion of the Female Relief Society of Nauvoo. He comments that a great number of sisters attend the meetings and that "they will fly to the relief of the stranger; they will pour in oil and wine to the wounded heart of the distressed; they will dry up the tears of the orphan and make the widow's heart to rejoice." (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 4:567-68.) By September 1842, the membership of this society increases to 1,142; it increases 200 more during the following 18 months. (4)

 

-- Apr 9, 1842

the Nauvoo City Council passes an ordinance to license taverns and ordinaries in the town to sell beer but not spirits. (7)

 

-- Apr 28, 1842 (Thursday Afternoon)

[Joseph Smith Sermon] ...Prest. Smith then read, "Though I have the gift of prophecy" &C. He then said though one should become mighty—do great things—overturn mountains &C should then turn to eat and drink with the drunken; all former deeds would not save him—but he would go to destruction!... (23)

 

-- Jun 17, 1842

[Joseph Smith] William Law publishes a defense of the morality of the Saints in Nauvoo. Joseph comments on it, saying, "There is no city . . . that can compare with the city of Nauvoo. You may live in our city for a month, and not hear an oath sworn; you may be here as long and not see one person intoxicated. So notorious are we for sobriety, that at the time the Washington convention passed through our city a meeting was called for them, but they expressed themselves at a loss what to say, as there were no drunkards to speak to." (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 5:32-34.) (4)

 

-- Jul 4, 1842

[Joseph Smith] A grand parade of the Nauvoo Legion is led by Wilson Law. Two are fined $10.25 for selling whiskey. (4)

 

-- Dec 26, 1842

[Joseph Smith Diary] Visited Sis[ter] Morey in custody of Sec[retary Richards] and prescribed for her afflictions. Spoke very highly of Lobelia [an herb], good in its place, was one of the works of God. But like the power of God or any good, it become an evil when improperly used. Had lear[ne]d the use and value [of Lobelia] by his own experience. (31)

 

-- Mar 25, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Saturday, March 25th 1843 In the office at 8 o'clock, heard a report from Hyrum concerning thieves as given by J[ohn?]. <Wilson> and directed a proclamation to be published offering security to all who will devulge their secrets.

              Received a letter from A. Jonas requesting the use of a cannon to celebrate /the creation of/ the New County of Marquetts and answered it that he might have it. Also rec[eive]d letter from Senator Young containing a bond for 1/4 section of land from Welch.

              9 [A.M.] Baptized Esqu[ire] Mif[f]lin of Philadelphia.

              10 [A.M.] Ordered a writ against A. Fields for disorderly conduct. Gave E[benezer] Robinson an order on T[aylor] and Woodruff for papers $16.

              A. Fields was brought in about noon drunk or pretending to be so and was ordered to be put in irons till sober. He abused all present by his drunken appearance. Has been out in the city.

              Dined at 2 o'clock.

              "Awful gale" says St. Louis Gazette, within the last 6 weeks 154 vessels were wrecked on the coast of England and 190 lives lost; on the east of Ireland 5 vessels and 134 lives; on the coast of Scotland 17 vessels [and] 39 lives; on the coast of France 4 vessels and 100 lives. Value of vessel and cargoes roughly estimated 825,000. (32)

 

-- Mar 27, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Monday, March 27th 1843 Dictated a letter to Esqui[re] Rigdon showing that he [Joseph] believed said Rigdon was concerned [connected] with J[ohn] C. Bennet[t], Geo[rge] W. Robinson, and Jared Carter and unless satisfaction was made should withdraw fellowship and bring him before conference. Letter was presented by W[illard] Richards.

              11 [A.M.] Court assembled over the store to try A. Field for drunkenness and abusing his wife. [He was] fined $10 costs and bail $50 for 6 months to keep the peace. (32)

 

-- May 3, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Wednesday, May 3d 1843 Called at the office. Drank a glass of wine with Sister Richards of her mother's make in England.... (32)

 

-- May 27, 1843

[Quorum of Twelve] Saturday May 27th 1843. The Twelve assembled in council ... also President Joseph Smith, Patriarchs, Hiryam [sic] Smith and James Adams, Bishop Whitney and others — Prayer by Elder Kimball after singing.

              President Young stated the object of the meeting was to investigate a letter from Sybbella Armstrong of Philadelphia concerning Benjamin Winchester — and other business. The letter was then read ... stating that B. Winchester had been slandered by her character.

               [Then discussed stories of her drunkenness and possessing large amounts, on occasion, of money and having debt — Winchester defended himself as only repeating well known stories.] Hyrum Smith when he was in Philadelphia ... when I preached adultery she left the house. [after more discussion]

              Pres[iden]t J. Smith said that it [sic] was a bag of nonsense to sit here without witnesses & hear one slang another. Pres[iden]t J. Smith, it has been the character of B. Winchester form the beginning to contradict every body every thing. and I have been under the ire of his tongue [?] ... I disagreed him before the conference & to be revenged he told one of the most damnable lies about me. Visited Sister Smith, Sister Dibble — small hat shop. — told her to come to Nauvoo [?] with me. & I would protect him [?] & B. Winchester set up a howl that I was guilty of improper conduct.

              If Isabella Armstrong, is every so bad so much the worse [?] The patriarchal office is the highest office in the church ... and father Smith conferred this office, on Hyrum Smith, on his death bed. Pres[iden]t Joseph said to the Twelve that Elder Adams has come to me and make acknowledgment, perfect satisfaction — his [license ?] as Elder will be taken form him and he will act as priest. — and Bro[ther] Adams will has now started anew, — and let all present hold their tongues and only say that Elder Adams has started anew. -- (18)

 

-- Jun 27, 1843

In the afternoon Joseph meets the first of the men on horseback from Nauvoo. Letting his tears go, Joseph cries, "I am not going to Missouri this time. These are my boys." These men have all been riding frantically from Nauvoo, sometimes forcing whiskey down their horses' throats just to keep them going. Emma and the children reach Nauvoo at night. (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 5:451-52; Donna Hill, Joseph Smith: The First Mormon 328.) (4)

 

-- Jul 22, 1843

[Brigham Young] --22-- We took the steamer Adelaide for Pittsburgh, and on the 27th left the Adelaide on a sand bar and took stage at Bridgewater for the city; stopped at the town of Economy, founded by Mr. Rapp, upon the common stock principle.

              On our arrival at Pittsburgh Brother Small informed us there was a Latter-day Saint meeting at the Temperance Hall; we went there, and found Elders H. [Heber] C. Kimball, O. [Orson] Pratt and J. [John] E. Page. Elder Page was preaching; he hammered the sectarian churches unmercifully. He informed the people of our arrival, which made six of the Quorum of the Twelve in that city. (25)

 

-- Jul 31, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Monday, July 31 st Wilson Law and E[benezer] Robinson started for Chicago with W[illia]m Marks. Went on the Prairie. Newell Nurse called to get Joel Bullard confined. He is threatening, drinking, and probably delirious at first. (33)

 

-- Aug 13, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] ...The city is enlarging very fast. We have so many learned men in this city and the height of knowledge is not [sufficient] to know enough to keep out of the way. I have been ferretting out grog shops, groceries, and beer barrels.

              Mr. Bagby[, county tax collector out] of Carthage, who has exercised more despotic power over the inhabitants of this city than any despot of the Eastern country I met. He gave me some abusive language [and] took up a stone to throw at me. I siezed him by the throat to choke him off. ... (33)

 

-- Aug 13, 1843. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... [Joseph Smith spoke] of the Grog and Beer shops and said he should rip them up. ... (26)

 

-- Aug 21, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] August 21st, Monday Having received a letter from Esqu[ire] Patrick covering one from J. Hall Esqu[ire], Independance, M[iss]o[uri,] gave instruction to have them copied with some additional remarks and sent to Governor Ford. Copied accordingly.

              Many folks at house. Rode out.

              P.M. Held court Nauvoo vs Frederick J. Mosser on Temperance ordinance. Fined $3 and costs. (33)

 

-- Aug 25, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Friday, August 25th 1843 Hyrum in the office. Spoke of a new revelation.

              Rain in gentle showers through the day, the first water of much amount that has fallen since 1st June in Nauvoo. The Earth has been exceedingly dry, and the early potato [crop] nearly destroyed. Corn has been checked in its growth and even vines much injured by drouth [drought].

              Saw the President at tea 5 P.M. (33)

 

-- Sep 18, 1843. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] A.M. at President Joseph's ...Joseph and I rode out to borrow money, drank wine at Sister Lyons. P.M. I got $50 of Sister Lyons and paid it to D. D. Yearsley. (26)

 

-- Oct 3, 1843

[Brigham Young] --3-- In company with Elders Kimball, Hyde, Woodruff, G. [George] A. Smith and J. [Jedediah] M. Grant, visited the Saints in Philadelphia; dined at Brother J. B. Nicholson's, and in the evening partook of an oyster supper at Mr. Jeffrey's, who undertook to get us drunk, but only succeeded in intoxicating himself. We consecrated several bottles of oil. (25)

 

-- Nov 05, 1843

[Polygamy] Smith becomes violently ill at dinner and assumes that his wife Emma of trying to poison him due to her opposition to polygamy. At the prayer circle meeting that evening Smith accuses her of poisoning his cup of coffee, and Brigham Young regards her shocked silence as proof of her guilt. However, Joseph's rapid recovery from this illness suggests something other than poisoning, possibly ulcers. Smith accuses Emma of poisoning his coffee . PLACE: Nauvoo, IL SOURCE: Joseph Smith, History of the Church, Vol. 6, p.65, Brigham Young, conference address, 7 Oct. 1866, The Essential Brigham Young, p.188 (34)

 

-- Nov. 25th 1843

[High Council Minutes]

              Council met according to adjt in the upper room of J. Smith's Store.

              Prayer by Br Huntington. W. Marks & C.C. Rich Presiding. Council all present.

              Francis Fox against Thomas Richardson.

                       Charge.

              "To William Marks President of the High Council, in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

              I, Francis Fox, do prefer a charge against Elder Thomas Richardson, to wit:

              1st For demanding my licence unlawfully.

              2nd For also demanding and taking the licence of other Brethren in a clandestine manner &c &c in Chicago Cook County Ill. in the month of February 1842.

              City of Nauvoo Nov 15th 1843

              Francis Fox, Elder.

              One were appointed to speak on a side Viz 5) Fulmer and 6) Harris. The matter of difficulty appeared to be in relation to the manner of organizing a branch of the Church in Chicago, and some ordinations which took place. Decided by the President that the ordinations were legal and that Elder Richardson had no right to demand their licence which was unanimously sanctioned by the Council.

              The case of Elisha Hoops was next brought up on the complaint by letter from Pike Co. Ill. for getting drunk and using bad language which thing he confessed, and asked forgiveness but thought that he did not use bad language. President Marks give him some instructions which he accepted. he was continued in the Church.

                     Joseph Smith against Harrison Sagars.

                     "Nauvoo City November 21st 1843.

                     Brother Marks

              Dear Sir I hereby prefer the following charges against Elder Harrison Sagars, namely:

              1st For trying to seduce a young girl, living at his house by the name of Phebe Madison.

              2nd For using my name in a blasphemous manner, by saying that I tolerated such things in which thing he is guilty of lying &c. &c.

                     Joseph Smith"

              The defendant plead not guilty. One were appointed to speak on a side, Viz: 7) Grover and 8) Johnson.

              The charge was not sustained, but it appeared that he had taught false doctrine which was corrected by President Joseph Smith, and the doctrine which was corrected by President Joseph Smith, and the defendant was continued in the church. Council adjd till Saturday the 9th of Dec. next at 2 O'clock P.M.

                     Hosea Stout Clerk (30)

 

-- Dec 1, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] December 1st 1843 At home. 12 A.[M.] Sec[retary] called to get a petition for an appropriation from Congress to improve the rapids, but the Pres[ident] standing in the bar room said it was not [yet] written. Howard Corey started for Bear Creek to get subscribers. [several lines left blank] Clear and cold. Some ice floating in the river. (33)

 

Joseph Smith's manuscript diary makes first mention of the Nauvoo Mansion's bar room. Joseph Smith III later reminisced that his father set up a fully-stocked bar with Orrin Porter Rockwell as bartender. (35)

 

-- Dec 15, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Friday, December 15th 1843 I [Joseph Smith] awoke this morning in good health, but was soon suddenly seized with a great dryness of the mouth and throat and sickness of the stomach, and vomited freely. My wife waited on me assisted by my scribe and Dr. L[evi] Richards, who administered to me herbs and mild drinks. I was never prostrated so low in so short a time before, but by evening was considerably revived. [several lines left blank] Very warm. (33)

 

Nauvoo, Illinois. After becoming ill in the morning, Joseph Smith was administered herbs and mild drinks by Levi Richards and was considerably revived by evening. (36)

 

-- Dec 20, 1843, Wednesday

[William Clayton Writings] To Emigrants and Latter-Day Saints Generally: I feel it my duty to say ... that there is in the hands of the trustee in trust, a large quantity of lands, both in the city and adjoining townships in this county, which is for sale, some of which belongs to the Church and is designed for the benefit of the poor, and also to liquidate debts owing to the Church, for which the trustee in trust is responsible. Some, also, is land which has been consecrated for the building of the Temple and the Nauvoo House.

              If the brethern who move in here and want an inheritance, will buy their lands of the trustee in trust, they will thereby benefit the poor, the Temple, and the Nauvoo House, and even then only will be doing that which is their duty, and which I know, by considerable experience, will be vastly for their benefit and satisfaction in days to come. Let all the brethern, therefore, whey they move into Nauvoo, consult President Joseph Smith, the trustee in trust, and purchase their lands of him; and I am bold to say that God will bless them. ...

              We hold ourselves ready at any time to wait upon the brethern and show them the lands ... and can be found any day, either at President Joseph Smith's bar-room, or the Temple Recorder's office at the Temple. (27)

 

-- Dec 21, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] Thursday, 21st Called on Bro[ther] Phelps before Sunrise and told him an alarm gun had been fired, but I believed nothing serious. Took the key and went into the office. A few citizens assembled but Bro9 Cairns had returned home and all was peace. At 12 went into City Council and remained till 2 P.M. Passed [an] ordinance to prevent unlawful arrests and Sezure in Nauvoo. Read Memorial to Congress for Territorial powers &c. /Appointed O[rson] Pratt delegate to convey it/ Appointed J[ohn] P. Green Marshal &c. In the evening conversed with strangers in the bar room &c.

              J. Holman and E[lbridge] Tuftes left papers for history. Very warm and pleasant. (33)

 

-- Dec 25, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] A large party supped at my house and spent the evening /in a most cheerful and friendly manner/ in Music, Dancing, &c. During the festivities a man apparently drunk, with his hair long and falling over his shoulders come in and acted like a Missourian. I commanded the Capt[ain] of the police to put him out of doors. In the scuffle, I looked him full in the face and to my great surprize and Joy untold I discovered it was Orrin Porter Rockwell, just arrived from a years imprisonment in M[iss]o[uri] (33)

 

-- Dec 27, 1843

[Joseph Smith] The church's newspaper Nauvoo Neighbor advertises ale and beer from the Nauvoo Brewery. (35)

 

-- Dec 29, 1843

[Joseph Smith Diary] At 4 P.M. in City Council 40 Policemen [were] sworn [in], whom I addressed at considerable length. See minutes of Council. Two petitions for licensing spirituous liquors.  (33)

 

-- Jan 13, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13th The City Council met & treated upon the Subject of granting licence for retailing liquors. President Smith addressed the Council a number of times.

              I commenced shingleing my house this day. Let the Job to John Gray for $12. The Cornish Cost $22, the tin gutter $7. (37)

 

-- Jan 16, 1844

An "Ordinance concerning the sale of Spirituous Liquors" is passed by the Nauvoo City Council. It states: "Be it ordained by the City Council of the city of Nauvoo. that the Mayor of this city is hereby authorized to sell said liquors in such quantities as he may deem expedient." The ordinance is signed by "Joseph Smith, Mayor." (11)

 

[Joseph Smith] Francis M. Higbee is tried before the municipal court for "slanderous and abusive language." During the trial Higbee and Joseph are reconciled, and Higbee states that the difficulties between him and Joseph are buried and that they are friends forever. An "Ordinance concerning the Sale of Spirituous Liquors" is also passed by the city council. (History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (7 volumes) 6:178-79.) (4)

 

-- Jan 19, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Friday, January 19th 1844 At home. [several lines left blank] Rode out in the course of the day. [several lines left blank] In the evening gave a Lecture on the Constitution and candidates for the Presidency &c. Backenstos, clerk of the Co[unty] Court, [was] present. Bro[ther] Phelps and a great Co[mpany] in Bar Room. [several lines left blank] Mild weather, Cloudy P.M. and eve. (33)

 

-- Mar 7, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] ..."Shallow drafts intoxicate the brain &c. Look at the reason. No vessel could land any where if subject to individual[s'] laws. [The] Corporation owns the streets of the city and have a right to tax the Boats to make wharfs. The same as to tax citizens to make roads. [I] Want every man in this city to stay at home and let the Boat Captains, peace officers, and every body alone. ... (38)

 

-- Before May 3, 1844

Augustine Spencer writes a letter charging Joseph Smith with drinking, swearing, carousing, and keeping six or seven young females as wives [Per Parley P. Pratt]. (19)

 

-- May 5, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Sunday, May 5th 1844 At home. Instructed Dr. Richards, my clerk, to go to Quincy and pay Walsh 100 dollars due on my farm. Rain. Messenger did not go.

              Elder Grant preached at the Mansion 2 P.M. A large co[mpany] in Bar Room. P.M. and eve. Joseph spoke a long time on petitions read F. Grierson's letter, Clay's letter, &c.

              J[ohn] P. Green attended Conference at Quincy Saturday and to day.  Rain continues. (38)

 

-- May 19, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Sunday, May 19th 1844 Cloudy morning. At home. Lyman Wight preached at the stand. Rain commenced about twelve.  Bonney returned from the east. [several lines left blank]

              Prayer Meeting at P.M. Was dispensed with. So muddy and rainy. About 12 men [and] 2 women attending.

              Eve I talked a long time in the bar Room. Judge Phelps read my rejoinder to Clay. Esq[ui]r[e] Reid my old Lawyer present.

              Fog[g]y and wet. "Maid of Iowa" has not arrived 10 o'clock. (38)

 

-- May 31, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Friday, May 31st 1844 9 A.M. Ordered a capias to arrest T[homas] B. Johnson for threatening the peace of the city with Draggon [dragoon] &c. H. Hugins made affidavit but Johnson had gone.

              10 A.M. Called at my office and wrote. 1 P.M. was called to see Sister Richards who was very sick. Laid on hands. Directed some Raspberry tea and she was better. [met with Council of Fifty]] 2 or 3 Indians stay in hall over night. [several lines left blank] Pleasant. (38)

 

-- Jun 1, 1844

"Drank a glass of beer at Moissers," reads an entry in Joseph Smith's manuscript diary in reference to Frederick G. Moesser's "grog shop," which Joseph had condemned in a sermon on Aug 12, 1843. When the manuscript history is published as HISTORY OF THE CHURCH this sentence is omitted without indication. (7)

 

[Joseph Smith Diary] Saturday, June 1st 1844 At home. Some gentle showers.  1 P.M. Rode out with Dr. Richards and O[rrin] P[orter] Rockwell called on Davis at the boat. /Paid Manhard $90.00/ Met G[eorge] J. Adams and paid him $50.00 to J[ohn] P. Green paid him and another bro[ther] $200.00 to [blank]. Excha[nge]d $100 Gold and a check. Drank a glass of beer at Moissers. Called at W[illia]m Clayton's while Dr. R[ichards] and Rockwell called at Dr. New House. Home 4 1/2 [P.M.]. ... (38)

 

-- Jun 6, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Thursday, June 6th 1844 At home. About 9 [A.M.] ordered my carriage which stood at the door till near noon, while I read my letter to H[enry] Clay to many strangers in the bar room among whom was one who advocated for H[enry] Clay. I argued long to show the subject in its true light and showed him that no man could honestly vote for a man /like Clay/ who had violated his oath and not acted on constitutional principles.

              About 12 [P.M.] 1/2 D[imick] B. Huntington come and said R[obert] D. Foster felt bad and he thought there was a chance for him to return if he could be reinstated in his office in the Legion &c. that he had all the anties affidavits &c. at his control. ! told him if he would return, withdraw all his suits &c. and do right he should be restored. Met Bro[ther] Richards coming from his garden with new potatoes. Told him to go to the High Council and have Bro[ther] Brown restored to the church and give him his licence. Rode out with several in my carriage an hour or so.

              7 P.M. Heavy shower, thunder, lightning [and] rain and again about 9. (38)

 

-- Jun 9, 1844

[Joseph Smith Diary] Sunday, June 9th 1844 At home. Health not very good. Lungs wearied. Hyrum preached at the stand.

              2 P.M. Several passengers of the "Osprey" from St. Louis and Quincy put up at the Mansion. I helped carry in their trunks and chatted with them in the bar room.

              Meeting at Mansion [at] 6 o'clock. (38)

 

-- Jun 15, 1844

The Presiding Patriarch publishes an announcement signed as "HYRUM SMITH, President of the Church." William Clayton writes in his journal: "A.M. [Joseph Smith was] conversing with Dr. [Joseph] Wakefield and others in the Bar Room, telling a dream concerning his father killing a man who attempted to stab him. He also spoke concerning key words. The g[reat] key word was the first word Adam spoke and is a word of supplication. He found the word by the Urim and Thummim. It is that key word to which the heavens is opened." (7)

 

-- Aug 5, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Aug 5th Monday This is the day of election in this state. Their will probably be some fighting and perhaps some blood shed as men are geting wicked and about ripe for judgment. Their was some fighting in the bar room below last evening but nothing vary serious. Elder Kimball had a dream last evening. Thought he was preaching to a large Congregation. Said the Prophet Joseph Smith had laid the foundation for a great work and it was now for us to build upon it. He thought Br Joseph was present and appeared natural. We took the steemer st Croix and left Galena for Nauvoo. We had a plesant sail through the day and evening, though some unplesant feelings during the evening. (37)

 

James J. Strang announces to his Michigan branch that he is Joseph Smith's successor through a letter of appointment. The branch president denounces the letter as a forgery and excommunicates Strang. William Clayton writes in his journal: "This last night I dreamed that Joseph and Emma came to me and appeared very much dissatisfied and displeased because I had kept back the money sent by Brother [Heber C.] Kimball. I thought I explained the reason and told them I had been councilled to do so." On Tubuai, an island in the South Pacific, missionary Addison Pratt administers the sacrament: "for wine I substituted cocoa nut milk, that was a pure beverage, which never had come to the open air, till we broke the nut for that purpose." (7)

 

-- Aug 18, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...President Young arose and said that he had many things to speak of. ... And as to the doctors who are in our midst who are our enemies I would say let them alone, for I have no boubt but that three to one who have died in this place had a doctor and I would say wo unto ye Lawyers for their whole Study is to put down truth and put a lie in its stead. I want the Lawyers to know that we have common sens. They want to make you believe that when you spell Baker it means Cider or whiskey.... (37)

 

-- Sep 26, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 26th Arived in Schenactady in the evening. Took cars and boat for Albany via of Troy. Lost my carpet bag in the scrape. Upon on my arival at Albany it seemed as though I should be torn in peaces by the carman and Irish runners all pulling and haulling. I spent the night at Holmes Temperance House near the rail road landing. Carroans fee 50 cts. Distance from Oswego to Albany 200 miles. (37)

 

-- Sep 31, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... I rode to Cole-brook viewed the old mills & house whare father lived, took tea with Johathan Stillman & Called upon Mrs Caroline Wolcott.  (37)

 

-- Nov 14, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] (Nov 14th Thursday + When the destroyer reigns darkness prevails.) At about daylight I was Called upon to go to Sister Foss's for Sarah Elizabeth was dying. Mrs Woodruff and myself went up as soon as could, & when we arived at the house we found Sarah Elizabeth apparently dying and appeared as though she would not live 10 minutes. Sister Foss & Ira Foss her older son was vary sick. The family was taking medicine after the Thompsonian system viz roots & herbs. Three doctors were attending upon the family. It was difficult to tell what the fever was that they had. It was first called the Typhus fever, but it proved to be vary malignant if not a putrid fever. The doctors nurses, & watchers, were nearly all more or less affected with it that were in the midst of it. The tongue would turn black & in a low stage would swell. It seemed to be a difficult matter to break up the fever after it once seated.... (37)

 

-- Nov 24, 1844

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24th Sunday I met with the Saints in New Bedford. Herd Elder Blake in the forenoon. I preached in the afternoon & evening to a full house. I took tea with Br Dexter watch maker. He fixed my watch. I confirmed 3 persons in the evening who were baptized during the day. (37)

 

-- Jan 12, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I took tea with Elder James Marsden. Again met with the Saints in the evening & had a full house. A number of strangers. I addressed them upon the first principles of the gospel. I had the spirit of the Lord and a good time. I administered to 2 sick. Blessed 2 children. Returned home & spent the night. 3 m. (37)

 

-- Feb 12, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12th  I recieved a letter from Elder Clayton. I walked to the office. Spent the fore part of the day. In the evening I accompinied Mrs Woodruff & Clark to Br Tysom's & took tea. 5 m. (37)

 

-- Feb 16, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I went & took tea at Br Sheldons, met again at 7 oclock & had a good time.... (37)

 

-- Feb 18, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...We all returned to Br Sheldens & took tea. We each got our likeness taken or profile. ... (37)

 

-- Feb 23, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Met in the Afternoon at 2 oclok & had a Crouded house of Saints & citizens. Meeting opened by singing & Prayer. Remarks by Elder Woodruff on the Sacrament after which Elder Sheets blessed the bread & wine.... (37)

 

-- Mar 9, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...The Congregation gave good attention & I had much freedom of speech & spirit of speaking & had a good time but was in a high state of perspiration. We dined & took tea at Br Lawrence Newsham 13 London road. I spent the night at Sister Creers No 101 Bedford street. (37)

 

Roger Orton: Sustained by the seventies as a new president of the First Council of Seventy 9 Mar. 1845, even though they knew he had "addicted himself to drinking whiskey" (17)

 

-- Apr 12, 1845

Hosea Stout writes in his diary: "At home until about two o'clock and then went with my wife to the Masonic Hall to a feast of beer and cakes prepared by the Old Police. The Old Police and wives and some of the Twelve were present; we had a joyful time, as much cakes and beer as we could eat and drink; we broke up about nine o'clock p.m. and I then came home." (7)

 

-- Apr 15, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 15th I visited a number of Saints during the day. Dined with Br George Hewett 54 Red Bank Manchester. Took tea with Sister Holebrook. Took rail cars at 6 oclok & rode with my family to Liverpool. Distance of the day 40 m. (37)

 

-- May 1, 1845

The TIMES AND SEASONS denies that Latter-day Saints engage in polygamy. It also asks, concerning the concept of sending missionaries to Africa: "Have the common propensities of the heathen to do evil been lessened by the labors of the clergy, in as great a proportion as drunkedness and debauchery had increased by civilized intercourse under the board of foreign mission?" (7)

 

-- May 2, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] May 2d I left Liverpool on the rail road & rode to Preston & spent the day with Elder Hardy in visiting the Brethren. I took Breakfast with Capt Willis 136 victoria st And Dinner with Sister Creer at 101 Bedford street. I took tea with Elder John Holsal Taylor North Road. I called upon Br Newsom's London Road. I met with the Council in the evening & spent the night at Capt Willis with Br Hardy. Distance of the day 35. (37)

 

-- May 3, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 3d I took coach with Br Hardy & rode to Blackburn & called upon Elder John Hartley. We soon had an interview with Elder Wm. Speakman who went with us through the town. We visited their room which they had fitted up & sent for me to come & open it. Their seemed to be some misunderstanding between the Preston Singers & the Blackburn Saints But I trust it will be settled amicably.

              I took tea with Br Hartley. Sister Hartley presented us with a good dish of Cockels. Elder Hardy returned to Preston in the evening. Distance 9 miles. I spent the day & night at Br Hartleys. (37)

 

-- May 11, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Met in the Afternoon. I blessed the bread & wine & it was administered to the Saints after which the time was taking up by the Brethren & sisters in bearing testimony of the work of God, & the Power of God rested upon the Congregation untill it melted us into tear This is the Conference that Br Kimball speaks of in his Journal.... (37)

 

-- May 12, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12th I parted with the lovely Saints in Clith-ero took Coach rode to Blackborn. From thence to Preston whare I had the happy privilege of meeting with Elders Holmes & Hardy. I met the Saints in Preston & Preached to a full house. Was followed by Elders Holmes. I spoke from the CII Psalm. We had a good time. I spent the night with Elders Holmes & Hardy at Capt Willes. I had a severe Cold & pain in the head during the night. Distance 25.

              This being the Whitson week all business was suspended & the people in the streets having a Holly day & at night their was so many drunk in the street & on the side walk that it was with difficulty for a sober man to go along without being run against. (37)

 

-- May 29, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 29th   I reeleyed 4 letters one from Holmes Clark Davis & Charles Miller. I wrote 2 letters one to Holmes one to Davis.

              In the evening I went to the seashore with Elder Stratton to Baptize. On the way we saw a man run over a child with a waggon. Their was 500 people gatherd around it in as many minutes. They thought the child was killed but it soon revived. The man was taken up by the policee, & fined for being drunk & carelessness.

              When we arived the water the tide was out. We got three cars to take the candidates down into the water and Elder Stratten went down into the sea and baptized 12 persons. We had a plesant and interesting time. Many of the Saints were present & numbers of the world & the whole company left the beach singing by the way. I took supper with Br Hall. Distance 6 m. (37)

 

-- May 30, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...After returning to the city I took tea at Br Caines & attended council with the officers of the Liverpool Branch & had a good time. Distance 10 m. (37)

 

-- Jun 9, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 9th  I went to Br James Albon's & took Dinner & remained with him untill 4 oclok. He told me a long yarn about all the troubles he had been through since he had been in the Church his being Cut off &c.

              I took tea with Br Benjamin Morgan's Children three Daughters & one Son. His Son Benjamin Died about three months since. Those I spent the evening with were all in the Church & made many inquiries concerning their father who had lived with me in Nauvoo. I returned home & spent the night. 4. (37)

 

-- Jun 11, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 11th In company with Elder Davis & Br Crump I visited the British Museum. I found many alterations had taken place since I was there in 1840. I took Dinner & tea with Brother Henry Crump No 1 Flecher row vineyard Walk Clarkenwell. He is a Jeweller & will make me a finger ring according to order. I returned home & spent the night. 6 m. (37)

 

-- Jun 12, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I returned to Brother Booths & took tea.... (37)

 

-- Jun 13, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13th  I wrote a letter to Mrs Woodruff. We had a visit from Mrs Sangiovanna & her little boy a little time in the morning's walk. Brother Francis Belany measurd my feet for a pair of Boots. It was a hot day. We dined with Br John Teter Sheib No 9 Frederick st. Regents Park. Took tea with Brother Manister No 60 Totenham Court road. (37)

 

-- Jun 14, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] After Dinner we walked through each appartment of the Whithead Brewery. It was a large esstablish-ment. I saw the Process of making Porter & ale through all its operations. They manufactur 1,000 barrels of Porter each day of the year & 100 Barrels of Ale. They have 35 set vats in the shape of hogshead that will hold one thousand barrels each making 35,000 barrels. They have suller room for 35,000 barrels more so they can store away 75,000 barrels of Porter or ale. They have two steam engines carrying on the esstablishment of 25 hors power each. After visiting each portion of this esstablishment I returned to Br Joiners & spent the night. Distance of the day 5 mile. (37)

 

-- Jun 16, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I took Dinner with Br Morris took tea with Br Crump & returned home whare [there were]   2 letters for me one from President Brigham Young of Nauvoo & the other from Mrs Woodruff of Liverpool both of which I was glad to obtain. I wrote one in return to Mrs Woodruff. She sent me some of the Hair of Joseph Smith & the whole of the Smith Family & the quorum of the Twelve to put into a finger ring. Distance of the day 6 miles. (37)

 

-- Jun 17, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... We next went through the Soho Bazarr; also Lothar Arkade Also through each ap-partment of the National gallery again, & around the Trafalgar square & then home again. Took tea Blessed Mary Ann Mitchell And Br Wm. Booth & then walked home with Br Booth to the Borough. Then return back to Br Joiners & retired to rest. Quite weary. The whole distance of the day 20 miles. (37)

 

-- Jun 19, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Called upon Br Wm. Booth & took tea. Sister Mary Ann Mitchell accompanied her Mother who has been totally blind for 2 years to meeting with us. (37)

 

-- Jun 23, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...After returning home from this place we called & dined with a brothers & then went into the borough & called upon Br Wm. Booth & spent the Afternoon & took tea with a number of the Saints.... (37)

 

-- Jun 24, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...The sleeping beauty of France with her jewels jems, necklace of brilliants around her while her bosom heaves with breath while asleep looks as natural as life. Nepoleon under almost evry circumstance of life is there represented. The Identical Carriage with all its Convenience for sleeping, writing, deposit for armour that he rode in at the battle of watterloo is there & the bed he died upon at St Hellena, with his dressing case gold snuff box, knives pens pencils, & all small articles that he used about him. Their is nothing fictitious but real except the personages being of wax figures & their expressions, countenances looking so much like life & then some of them moving by Clock work that one would naturally suppose they were living beings. The following is merly an extrat of some of the characters & names that are to be seen: ... (37)

 

-- Jun 25, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] June 25 I attended a tea meeting with the Saints in London & had a good time. I deliverd my farewell address to them.

              After walking to the burough with Br Davis & some of the Saints I returned with him & spent the night at Br Joiners. Distance of the day 12 miles. (37)

 

-- Jun 29, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... I dined & took tea with Br Price & Breakfast with Br Mannan. 6 miles. (37)

 

-- Jun 30, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 30th  I wrote 2 letters one to Elder Davis & one to Elder Hedlock. I attended a tea meeting with the Saints at their hall. Over 200 sat down. Some catholics & others were present. We had a good Cheerful time. I address the meeting in the evening. 4 m. (37)

 

-- Jul 3, 1845. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] At 4 met at Dr. Richards with President Young, H. C. Kimball, W. Richards, J. Taylor, A. Lyman, G. A. Smith, O. Pratt, N. K. Whitney, G. Miller, L. Richards and J. Young. We offered up our prayers for variety of subjects. I read a letter which I wrote for President Young to Brother Woodruff in England, which was accepted. It was decided to employ Brother [Isaac] Morley to make 100 barrels of  wine for sacrament. Also to purchase a raft of Lumber laying at the w[h]arf of 150,000. (26)

 

-- Jul 24, 1845

[Anointed Quorum] Thursday, "the Holly order" met at 4 p.m. at Willard Richards's "office" , and "the Quorum agreed to take no more snuff & tobacco for 6 weeks" . (39)

 

-- Jul 29, 1845, Tuesday

[William Clayton Writings] On 29 July 1845, ... after a hard day at the office, he went to the home of John Kay where, he said, ``we played till near 1 o clock chiefly with the violin. There was a first rate supper provided with plenty of wine and good things.'' (27)

 

-- Aug 6, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 6th   I recieved a letter from S.M.S. & wrote one to Wm. Walker & one to Sister Beer 2 L. 4 m. (37)

 

-- Aug 9th 1845

[High Council Minutes]

              The High Council of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints met in council this day in the dwelling of Elder George A. Smith's

              Opened by prayer from Pres't John Smith

              Counsellors Present.

              Samuel Bent    James Allred

              David Fulmer   Alpheus Cutler

              Thomas Grover  George W. Harris

              Newel Knight   Aaron Johnson

              Ezra T. Benson William Huntington

              Presidents John Smith and Charles C. Rich presiding with Prest. Bent.

              Wm Pomroy was cut off from the Church by a unanimous Vote of the Council for drunkeness, profanity and for cursing the President of the Church; on the testimony of Counsellor Huntington, and Pres't John Smith.

              Voted unanimously that Selah Lane be cut off from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints for unchristian like conduct, and publication of the same be given in the "Times And Seasons" and Neighbor. Unanimously Voted that Elder Freeman Nickerson, fill the seat of Counsellor Sherwood during his absence on a mission. Also Voted that the Clerk give notice to Brother Alanson Ripley to appear before the Council in two weeks from to day at two o'clock P.M.

              Voted to adjourn to the present place of meeting, untill Saturday two weeks from to day at two o'clock afternoon. Closing prayer by Prest Bent.

              APPROVED       C.C. Pendelton Clk (30)

 

-- Aug 10, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th Sunday I met with the Saints in the Afternoon & preached in the evening. I took tea with Br McGuffee. Sister Mary Holebrook is on a visit at our house for a few days attending meeting with us to [      ]. 6 m. (37)

 

-- Aug 25, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 25th In company with Elders Holmes, Ure, Roger & Travis we walked through the city. Went through the simetry. From there to the Cholery Monument erected in memory of the many hundreds of townsmen who wer suddenly Cut down with the Cholery & buried in deep pitts. They were treated in the following manner: When any were taken unwell they were Carried in a basket to the poor House. The docters stood ready gave brandy & laudlure & when they got stupifyed & still was generally supposed to be dead was immediately put into a box & buried. Some come to while going to the grave & were liberated from their coffins & are living yet. Probably many were buried alive. 10 m.

              In the evening Elder Holmes preached upon the reign of Christ. I followed him. We both had a good time. (37)

 

-- Aug 27, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 27th I spent the day in Manchester. Dined with Mr Holebrook & took tea with Br Shelden. Then Parted with Br Holebrook Br Holmes & the Saints. Took cars rode to Liverpool & spent the night at home. 30 m. (37)

 

-- Sep 15, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 15th I spent the day in Manchester with Elders Holmes & Ross. We took tea with friend Holebrook.

              In company with Mrs Woodruff & others friends I went through the Manchester Museum. Among other Curiosities we saw the representation in glass of the Largest diamond in the world now in the possession of the Emperor of Russia about the size of a turkeys egg valued at £125,000,000 pound sterling or $625,000,000 dollars.

              During the evening we rode to Newton & spent the night with Br Simpkins. 20 m. (37)

 

-- Sep 18, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 18th   I recieved 4 letters to day & wrote 4 one to M Holmes containing 16 Reciepts for Temple Money for the Manchester Confernce. The spirit of the devil is manifesting itself in some of the Churches abroad at the Present time. A priest in the Glasgow Conference has published a work denying the attonement of Christ. James Gallet has surrendered his Presidency in the Mackelsfield Conference. Father Crook over the Birmingham Conference gets drunk & fights with the Saints and thus the enemy is trying to creep in to the midst of the Saints at the present time.

              Mrs Woodruff come home with her Children in the evening well & cherfull & spent the night. I did not inform her of the death of her Mother wishing her to get rested first. 4. (37)

 

-- Oct 12, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12th   I recieved 4 letters & wrote 3 to Elders Holmes, Hardy, Crump, & A. Fielding took tea at my house. (37)

 

-- Dec 7, 1845. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] In the Temple all day. All the first quorum with one or two exceptions were present both male and female. About 1 o'clock we clothed. Dressed in ceremonial robes and aprons. The meeting was opened by prayer by Joseph Fielding. After which Elders Taylor, Hyde, Phelps, Pratt and John Smith each expressed their feelings in regard to our present privilege of meeting in the Temple in spite of the combined opposition of men and devils. During the speaking, the Bishops having provided Bread and Wine, the bread was broke by Brother  Kimball and then blessed by him and handed round by Bishop Whitney. Joseph Young then blessed the wine which was also passed around by Brother Whitney. ... (26)

 

-- Dec 14, 1845. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...Soon after 11 o clock those who were present were ordered by the president to clothe themselves, which being done and seated at 20 minutes after 11 o clock, sang, "Adam Ondi Ahman" &c. After which we bowed before the Lord and President Young offered up prayers. We next sang "Glorious things of thee are spoken" &c. When bread and  wine having been provided by Bishop N. K. Whitney Elders Isaac Morley and Charles C. Rich were called upon to administer the sacrament. They broke the bread which was then blessed by Isaac Morley and passed round by Charles C. Rich, who also blessed the wine and passed it round likewise.... (26)

 

-- Dec 21, 1845. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] According to appointment on Sunday last, a meeting was held in the east room this day of all those who could clothe themselves in the garments of Priesthood, 75 persons were present, Elder H. C. Kimball presiding . . .

              At 5 minutes before 11, the song "Glorious things of thee are Spoken" was sung. Father John Smith then made a few remarks, blessed the bread and it handed round by Bishop Geo. Miller, the Wine was blessed by Geo. Miller and handed round by him. While the wine was passing round, Elder George A. Smith arose and addressed the congregation.... (26)

 

-- Dec 25, 1845

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Br Enion accompanied us across the river And we all attended A tea meeting of the Saints held at the Music Hall. There were 3 or 400 sat [at] the tables pertaking of the bounties of the earth. After the repast was over tables were Cleared away. Elder Woodruff was chosen Chairman of the meeting. Many speaches was made by Elders Woodruff, Ward, Hedlock & A large Number of other elders & the meeting past off well & interesting. 10 m. (37)

 

-- Dec 28, 1845. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... Prayer by Amasa Lyman asking a blessing on the bread. Bread passed round by Charles C. Rich and George Miller. Blessing on the wine asked by P. P. Pratt. While the wine was passing, sung the hymn Adam Ondi Ahman.... (26)

 

-- Feb 9, 1846

... on one of the flatboats a wagon and team of oxen go off into the river after "a filthy wicked man squirted some tobacco juice into the eyes of one of the oxen." This unbalances the flatboat which takes on water and sinks. Mormon Samuel W. Richards writes: "In the eve. met at the Temple with a select party for a Dance, several of the twelve being present, and all the Brass band. Commenced a little before Eight with preyer by Bro. Hyde, and continued the merriment with a plenty of wine untill 10 minutes to 3 morn. Continued work at the Temple as usual and on" (11)

 

-- Mar 2, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 2d Our spirits are better cheered this morning than they possibly could be with new wine. For the wind has not ownly continued through the night to blow us on our course 10 not an hour but this morning it seems settelled in the North East And we have A beautiful fair gale that fills evry sail & wafts us on our Course towards New York 11 or 12 not an hour.... (37)

 

-- Mar 8, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 8th  Sunday I Attended Meeting at the American Hall corner of Grand & Broadway. I Preached in the morning communed in the Afternoon took Dinner with Br I F. Carter & tea with Br Davis 142 Spring st. I Preached in the evening. Br & Sister Carter was Present. I saw Mrs Sloan. She sends her respets to Phebe. I spent the night with Br Carter. Distance 6 mile. (37)

 

-- Mar 10, 1846. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...A beer keeper next sent word that he did not want us to slight him and we went and played him a tune and then took some of his cake and beer... (26)

 

-- Mar 31, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...After going through the town we took tea with Br Hollister. We then returned to the tavern whare we spent the night. I called upon one Brother And his family the ownly Saints residing in the city. They were baptized by Elder O. Pratt in Washingtom The whole distance of the day 110 miles. (37)

 

-- Apr. 29, 1846

[Temple] In the afternoon met in the attick story of the temple with the members[,] who formed a prayer circle in [Room] No. 1 and apart in [Room] No. 2 with our wives and had a feast of cakes, pies, wine & where we enjoyed ourselves with prayer, preaching, administration for healing, blessing children, and music and dancing untill near midnight. [Samuel W. Richards journal,  Apr. 29, 1846] (40)

 

Minutes of the Dedication of the [Nauvoo] Temple April 30th, 1846. ... (I speak confidently[.] When Porter Rockwell came in with mail I met him. The last time he came[,] [he] was intoxicated.)... (40)

 

-- Apr. 30, 1846

Met at sundown in the temple for prayers as usual, after which (with our [temple] clothing) we repaired to the lower room for the purpose of dedicating the same. [A total of] 30 men selected for that purpose were present. After some conversation and singing[,] a prayer circle was formed immediately in front of the Melchizedek stand. O[rson] Hyde was President, and Joseph Young, mouth, after which those present were seated in the stands to represent the order of the Priesthood; myself being seated in the Teachers Stand, and a Dedicatory prayer was offered by O[rson] Hyde to which all responded "amen." After the prayer ended all shouted with a loud voice, "Hosannah, Hosannah, Hosannah to God and the Lamb, Amen, Amen, Amen!" which was repeated three times * After the services of the evening were over, by proposition of Bro. Hyde, we all went into the attick storey of the Temple and enjoyed a feast of rasins, cakes, and wine * and there decided that the temple hands should meet [the] next day at 2 oclock to enjoy themselves with cakes and wine. When about 12 we dispersed having enjoyed the blessings [and] privilege of dedicating the second Temple, built upon the Land of Zion in the last days, unto the Lord, and it was accepted by him. [Samuel W. Richards journal,  Apr. 30, 1846] (40)

 

-- Jun 10, 1846. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went fishing at daybreak and caught 36. Weather hot. We started about 9 o'clock and found the roads good but over hills and ravines all the day. At about 6 o'clock we came in sight of the Pottawattamie [Indian] village.  [Then] about 2 miles from it they discovered us coming and we soon saw a number of them riding towards us. Some had bells on their horses which frightened our horses and cattle. James and I took the horses and let the others take the Oxen the best way they could. Some of the Indians followed our wagons and enquired often for whiskey.... (26)

 

-- Jul 6, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 6th It was A warm day. We continued our journey And camped at night at the same place whare I camped in the grass with Br Parley. An Indian Chief And some squaes camped near us. The Indian said He was going to meet with mormons & smoke the pipe of peace. (37)

 

-- Jul 18, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 18th My left side was exeeding lame this morning But Col Little rubed it thoroughly with red pepper, lumborum, whiskey &c and it was much better.... (37)

 

-- Aug 19, 1846

Brigham Young writes to the members of the Mormon Batallion: "We have the opportunity of sending to Fort Leavenworth, this morning, by Dr. Reed, a package of twenty-five letters, which we improve, with this word of counsel to you all: If you are sick, live by faith, and let the surgeon's medicine alone if you want to live, using only such herbs and mild food as are at your disposal. If you give heed to this counsel, you will prosper; but if not, we cannot be responsible for the consequences. A hint to the wise is sufficient." (7)

 

-- Aug 28, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 28th  Met in Council this morning with theOmaho's Chiefs & braves. We smoked the pipe ofpeace And then President Young spoke to them through there interpeter whose name was [       ] Informing them It was our desire to winter here And if they wished we would do some work for them make them a field & fix there guns &c. And many things were said which I Cannot now name. (37)

 

-- During August 1846

George Miller: Persuaded by Ponca Indian Chief Tea-Nuga-Numpa, traveled with pioneer company to mouth of Niobarra River August 1846, arriving 23 August. (41)

 

-- Oct 7, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 7th Crossed the ferry early in the morning And returned to the Camp of Israel quite weary. We commencd getting juice out of the grape. We got out about 20 gallons of juice for wine, And met in Council with the Twelve. ... (37)

 

-- Oct 8, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 8th I spent a part of the day making wine. ... (37)

 

-- Dec 18, 1846

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 18th I spent the day getting Br John Sherman Fowler ready to go to Missouri to get a load of Provisions for the family's use. In the evening I went to the store to trade out my bill of goods consisting of shugar Molasses, Salt, Salaratus, cotton cloth drilling striped shirting flannel cotton batting shoe thread coffee tea, a lantern 3 primmers calico and [.] amounting in all to $[      ].

              Returned home. Mrs Woodruff took out of her family box her portrait to see the likeness of her little Joseph we had buried. (37)

 

-- Jan 17, 1847

Brigham Young addresses the assembled Saints "showing that the church had been led by Revelation just as much since the death of Joseph Smith as before, and that he was a great and good a man, and as great a Prophet as ever lived upon the earth, Jesus excepted. Joseph received his apostleship from Peter and his brethren, and the present apostles received their apostleship form Joseph the first apostle, and Oliver Cowdery, the second Apostle." Later at Municipal High Council meeting Young "cautioned the brethren against selling whiskey to the Indians . . ." (11)

 

-- Jan 21, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 21st I spent this day in Council with the Twelve And searching out the news of the day. I attended the High Council in the evening with the Twelve & Bishops But was quite unwell with cold and sore throat.

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

              The following is A true copy of A Revelation given dated Winter quarters Camp of Israel Jan 14th 1847:

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

              The word and will of the Lord concerning the camp of Israel In their journeyings to the west.

              Let all the people of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints, and those who journey with them, be organized into Companies with a covenant and promise to keep all the commandments and Statutes of the Lord our God: Let the companies be organized with Captains of Hundreds, Captains of Fifties, and captains of Tens with A President & his two councillors at their head, under the direction of the Twelve Apostles. And this shall be our Covenant that we will walk in all the ordinances of the Lord.

              Let each Company provide themselves with all the Teams, waggons provisions, Clothing, and other necessaries for the journey that they can. When the companies are organized let them go to with their might to prepare for those who are to tarry.

              Let each Company with their Captains, And Presidents, decide how many Can go next spring; then Choose out a sufficient number of able bodied and expert men, to take teams, Seeds, and Farming utensils, to go as Pioneers, to prepare for puting in spring crops.

              Let each company bear an equal proportion, according to the dividend of their property, in taking the poor, the widows, the Fatherless, and the families of those who have gone into the Armey, that the Cries of the widow and the Fatherless come not up into the ears of the Lord against this people.

              Let each company prepare houses, and fields for raising grain, for those who are to remain behind this season. And this is the will of the Lord concerning his people; Let every man use all his influence and property &c to remove this people to the place whare the Lord shall locate a stake of Zion; And if ye do this with a pure heart in all faithfulness, ye shall be blessed. You shall be blessed in your flocks, and in your herds, and in your fields, and in your houses, and in your families.

              Let my servents Ezra T. Benson and Erastus Snow organize a Company, and let my servants Orson Pratt and Wilford Woodruff organize A Company: Also let my Servants Amass Lyman and George A. Smith organize a company and Appoint Presidents and Captains of hundreds and of fifties and of tens; And let my servants that have been Appointed go and teach this my will to the Saints that they may be ready to go to a land of peace.

              Go thy way and do as I have told you; and fear not thine enemies for they shall not have power to stop my work. Zion shall be redeemed in mine own due time, and if any man shall seek to build up himself and seeketh not my council he shall have no power, and his folley shall be made manifest. Seek ye and keep all your pledges one with another and covet not that which is thy brothers.

              Keep yourselves from evil to take not the name of thy God in vane, for I am the Lord your God even the God of your Fathers, the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob. I am he who led the children of Israel out of the Land of Egypt and my arm is streched out in the last days to save my people Israel.

              Cease to contend one with another. Cease to speak evil one of another. Cease drunkenness, and let your words tend to edefying one another. If thou borrowest of they neighbor, thou shalt restore that which thou hast borrowed. And if thou Canst not repay, then go straitway, and tell thy neighbor lest he condemn thee.

              If thou shalt find that which thy neighbor has lost, thou shalt make diligent search, till thou shall deliver it to him again. Thou shall be diligent in preserving what thou hast, that thou mayest be a wise steward; for it is the free gift of the Lord thy God, and thou art his steward.

              If thou art merry, praise the Lord with singing, with music, with dancing and with a prayer of praise and thanksgiving. If thou art sorrowful call on the Lord thy God with supplication, that your souls may be Joyful.

              Fear not thine enemies for they are in mine hands and I will do my pleasure with them. My people must be tried in all things, that they may be prepared to recieve the glory that I have for them, even the glory of Zion. And he that will not bear Chastizment, is not worthy of my Kingdom.

              Let him that is ignorant learn wisdom by humbling himself, and Calling upon the Lord his God, that his eyes may be opened that he may see, and his ears opened that He may hear, for my spirit is sent forth into the world to enlighten the humble And Contrite, and to the condemnation of the ungodly.

              Thy brethren have rejected you and your testimony, even the Nation that has driven you out; and now Cometh the day of their Calamity, even the days of sorrow like a woman that is taken in travel; and their sorrow shall be great, unless they spedily repent! /Yea very spedily./ For they killed the prophets, and they that were sent unto them. And they have shed innocent Blood, which crieth from the ground against them.

              Therefore marvel not at these things, for ye are not yet pure: thou canst not yet bear my glory, But thou shalt behold it, if ye are faithful in keeping all my words that I have given you from the days of Adam to Abraham; from Abraham to Moses, from Moses to Jesus and the Apostles and from Jesus and his Apostles to Joseph Smith, whom I did Call upon by mine Angels, my ministering servents and by mine own voice out of the Heavens, to bring forth my work, which foundation he did lay, and was faithful and I took him to myself.

              Many have marvelled because of his death, but it was needful that He should seal his testimony with his blood, that he might be honored and the wicked might be condemned.

              Have I not deliverd you from your enemies, ownly in that I have left a witness of my name? Now, therefore, harken O ye people of my church; and ye Elders, listen together. You have recieved my kingdom. Be diligent in keeping all my Commandments, lest judgment come upon you, and your faith fail you, and your enemies triumph over you. So no more at present. Amen and Amen. (37)

 

-- Friday, Jan 22, 1847.

[Apostle Willard Richards Journal] Dr. [Willard Richards] immediately arose and repaired to Elder Benson’s where he found Presidents B. [Brigham] Young, H. C. [Heber C.] Kimball, O. [Orson] Pratt, Joseph Young, and E. T. [Ezra Taft] Benson, who soon invited them to his table well furnished with nice pork, fat beef, roast turkey, and apple pie.  Dr. Richards carved the turkey and Mrs. Benson poured the tea and coffee. (42)

 

-- Mar 7, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 7th Sunday I met with the Saints in our ward. Bishop Smoot addressed the people concerning the [      ]. I followed him And requested the people that had means to carry sumthing to the Bishop to [for ] the poor to carry flour meal meat coffee shugar &c & I promised I would do the same. We dismissed the meeting & I called in to hear Br Kimball speak A few moments.

              I then went home & carried the Bishop 30 lbs flour half bushel meal 4 lbs shugar 2 lb coffee & others took him some things. Br Smoot & myself took some of the things brought in & went to visit the sick. We called upon Br Bundy & Sister Cox both of which were sick. Also Job Smith. We anointed them with oil lade hands upon them & prayed for them & left them some provisions. I then visited Sister Harris & administered to Her with Br Phelps. I spent the night at Br Smoots untill bed time. (37)

 

-- Apr 14, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 14th After getting all things in Readiness to leave I called my family to gether & Blessed my wife & childrens And left them in the hands of the Lord. I bid farewell to father Woodruff & family and all around me & took my leave of winter quarters & in company with Elders O Pratt, Lyman G. A Smith E Snow & others we again took the indian trail & rode through the prairie to the Elk Horn & went over on a raft & camped two miles below the ferry, & we had a splendid supper composed of fried Cat fish pork beans, short Cake, Honey Comb, coffee, milk &c &c. We all eat vary Harty. Had prayers & retired to bed. 25 miles. (37)

 

-- Apr 21, 1847. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] Arose at 5, my face easier, but swelled and my gums raw. Took breakfast on fish and coffee, but ate no bread it being very dry and hard I could not bear to put it in my mouth.... (26)

 

-- May 4, 1847. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... Brother Johnson bought a buffalo robe of the man for about a pound and a half of coffee, and another brother bought one for a pound of sugar and a little Pork. I feel my mind relieved by this unexpected privilege of writing back to my dear family and hope they will have the pleasure of perusing the contents . . . (26)

 

-- May 9, 1847. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...President Young took tea with Elder Kimball, and afterwards they started out together, with one or two others to look at the country ahead of us . . . (26)

 

-- May 24, 1847. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... Elder Sherwood returned with them and soon after came back accompanied by the chief and his squaw who signified a wish to abide with our camp tonight. The brethren fixed up a tent for them to sleep under. Porter Rockwell made them some coffee, and they were furnished with some victuals. The old chief amused himself very much by looking at the moon through a telescope for as much as twenty minutes.... (26)

 

-- May 29, 1847. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] President Young then addressed the meeting in substance as follows:

              ".... The brethren say they want a little exercise to pass away time, but if you can't tire yourselves bad enough with a days journey without dancing every night, carry your guns on your shoulders, and walk, carry your wood to Camp instead of lounging and laying sleeping in your wagons, increasing the load untill your teams are tired to death and ready to drop into the earth. Help your teams over mud holes and bad places instead of lounging in your wagons and that will give you exercise enough without dancing. Well, they will play cards, they will play checkers, they will play dominoes, and if they had the privilege and were where they could get whiskey, they would be drunk half their time, and in one week they would quarrel, get to high words and draw their knives to kill each other. This is what such a course of things would lead to. Don't you know it? Yes. Well then why don't you try to put it down? I have played cards once in my life since I became a Mormon to see what kind of a spirit would attend it, and I was so well satisfied that I would rather see the dirtiest thing you could find on the earth, than a pack of cards in your hands... (26)

 

-- Jun 2, 1847. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... A few weeks ago a party came down and stole twenty-five horses, all that they had at  the Fort, although they were within 300 yards of the Fort at the time and a guard round them. The Sioux will not steal on their own land. A pair of Moccasins worth a dollar, a lariette a dollar, a pound of tobacco a dollar and a half and a gallon of whiskey $32. They have no sugar, Coffee nor spices as their spring stores have not yet arrived. They have lately sent to Fort Pierre 600 bales of Robes with 10 robes in each bale. Their wagons have been gone 45 days &c. There are about [] souls at this fort, mostly French, half-breeds and a few Sioux Indians.... (26)

 

-- Jun 20, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... We turned out our horses in good feed got supper which was Bacon, Buffalo, corn bread, coffee Milk &c then lay down upon the ground & spent the night under A tent with the Missourians but did not rest well.... (37)

 

-- Jun 29, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] I returned to meet the camp about 4 miles & was informed that Br Fowler was vary sick & in my carriage I went back & met him & found him in great distress in his head, back, & bones through out. He Complained bitterly of the jar of the waggon, And finally was out of his head & became wild. I did not get into camp untill near 9 oclok. I then Commenced doctoring him with composition, tea, pills &c & He soon began to get better & had a comfortable nights rest. Distance of the day 23 3/4. (37)

 

-- During 1847. July

(George A. Smith) Five feet, ten inches tall, Smith weighed 250 pounds. An English traveler described him as "a huge, burly man, with a Friar Tuck joviality of paunch and visage, and a roll in his bright eye which, in some odd, undefined sort of way, suggested cakes and ale. He talked well, in a deep rolling voice, and with a dash of humour in his words and tone—he it was who irreverently but accurately likened the Tabernacle to a land turtle." (14)

 

-- Aug 10, 1847. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... I acknowledge that I have had the privilege of riding in a wagon and sleeping in it, of having my victual cooked, and some meat and milk, and occasionally a little tea or coffee furnished. My flour I furnished myself.... (26)

 

-- Sep 7, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 7th The camps were all busy this morning in preparing to leave. ...The ground was coverd with snow which continued to fall untill evening. I took supper with Br Shirtliff. This Hundred prepared A feast for the whole Pioneer Camp & furnished A table Here in the wilderness In the most splendid manner for one hundred persons. More than that Number eat at the table & were filled with roast, & Broiled Beef, pies, Cakes, Bisket Butter, Peach sauce, Coffee, tea, Shugar, & a great variety of good things.... (37)

 

-- Sep 12, 1847

William Clayton writes: "Our bread stuff is now out and we have to live solely on meat the balance of the journey. John Pack has got flour enough to last him through. We have all messed together untill ours was eat up, and now John Pack proposes for each man to mess by himself. He has concealed his flour and beans together with tea, coffee, sugar &c. and cooks after the rest have gone to bed. Such things seem worthy of remembrance for a time to come." (7)

 

-- Sep 21, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... The old Chief then proposed that we smoke the pipe of peace, And also Said that if our chief pointing to President Young would go to their Camp they would smoke with him & give him up the Horses which his men had taken. But Brother Young did not feel well & we did not think it prudent for him to go.... (37)

 

-- Sep 25, 1847. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... tie has got plenty of flour meal, beans, tea, coffee, sugar &c. while most of the camp are destitute of everything but meat, and while he continues to take the tallow and best of the meat there will be hard feelings against him.... (26)

 

-- Dec 5, 1847

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Went into Br Hydes House & Had a feast of pie & strawbury wine & retired to rest. (37)

 

-- 1847. December 23

(Emma Smith) : Married non-Mormon businessman Lewis C. Bidamon—an attentive husband and father, although he had a drinking problem and fathered an illegitimate child whom Emma raised as her own. (14)

 

-- Feb 13, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Meeting was dismissed After which in company with Mrs Woodruff I went to Br Pulsiphers And soon Presidents Young & Kimball came & attended to sealing four couple in matrimony. We had A feast of spruice beer & cakes on the occasion.... (37)

 

-- Feb 23, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] [Brigham Young's remarks] ...The spirit of devils who are deprived of Having tabernacles are constantly making war with men who have tabernacles & they strive to take up their abode in the tabernacles of men because they have none of their own, & when they can get a chance they will many of them croud into one man & try to reign there & some times they will kill the body & then the spirit of the man & devils all have to leave it. Some times in sickness & weakness the spirit of deavels get possession of the body whare the spirit of man is pure & overcomes it but the moment the spirit leaves the Body it is beyound the power & reach of the devils. Some children are killed in this way for the devil is making war with every thing that has A tabernacle esspecially the Saints, & the devil rules a great deal in the hearts of the Children of men. And if He cannot go in any other way He will go into A Barrel of whiskey & run down their throats. And when the saints get into the valley away from the gentiles the deavel will get into the Half mormons Hickery mormons & will plead with them to get into them.... (37)

 

-- Aug 12, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12th We took the rail road for Boston. Were 11 hours on the way. Distance 200 miles.

              We put up for the night at the Western Echange Hotel. After tea I took A walk over Cambridge bridge to Cambridge port & found Br Alexander Badlam Manufacturer of Coach Piano Forte And furniture copal Varnish Corner of Washington & Main Street Cambridgeport.... (37)

 

-- Aug 13, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... He is the Presiding Elder of that Branch of the church Miremichi N. Brunswick. He went home with me & took tea & spent the evening with me. I had A happy time with him. I found him to be a good spirited man. (37)

 

-- Oct 8, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... We took tea with Br Adams on 5 st above Brown A tobaconist. Br Appleby Preached in the evening from Gal ch 7, 8, 9 vers Though we or an Angel from Heaven &c. He spoke well & much to our edifycation.

              I followed him. Bore testimony to the work Addressed the saints & dismissed the meeting. I had A good time all day And the best meeting that I have had in the eastern country on this mission. (37)

 

-- Nov 30, 1848

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 30th This is thanksgiving day in Mass. I dined upon A Baked goose And plum pudding with my family.

              Br & sister Page took tea with me. Br & Sister Badlam Br & sister Bird & sister Luce spent the evening with us. I spoke upon the things of the Kingdom of God. I recieved A letter from   Little & Hardy & wrote one to Br Haven.

              I was At A large fire in Cambridgeport during the evening several Buildings Burned. (37)

 

-- 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...It is here [America] whare Presidents Govornors Judges and rulers of the Land with thousands of the people have broaken the laws & constitution of the United States and the several States by turning mob And persecuting many of their own citizens who were the Saints of Goth Have deprived them of the rights of citizenship, burned their goods & dwellings, taken some of them prisioners held mock trials over them by a mob Jury who were their Jury by Day & guard by night who would pour whiskey down each others throats And then God Dam God, And Jesus Christ the Holy Ghost, And evry religious sect they could think of & close their songs with the words God Dam the God Dam Mormons. Then would imprision the saints in Chains And feed them on Human flesh And finally murdered many of the Saints with the Prophets whom God hath sent unto them to Call them to Repentance.... (37)

 

-- Jan 22, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 22  And rode to Boston And Arived home sick And weary. Mrs Woodruff commenced doctering me. I took an Emetic of strong thoroughwert or Boneset tea. I found myself very Bilious And the tea done me much good... (37)

 

-- Feb 4, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... And Wilford Woodruff Jr. Now ordained A Priest can bless the bread And wine And Administer it to the family who Are members of the Church from time to time inasmuch As they have not A chance to Attend meeting in Any branch of the church.... (37)

 

-- Feb 6, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 6th Wilford was vary sick through the day And at night. His symtoms were vary much like the Cholera. His symtoms of cramping vomiting &c Appeared dangerous. We Administered to him by the laying on of hands. We also steemed him And gave him herb teas. His cramping stoped yet he Complained of great pain in his bowels, which commenced swelling & Appeared As though inflammation was setting in. We gave pulverized charcoal in his teas to stop infla-mation which has great effect in such cases. We each bowed before the Lord & Called upon his name And Administered to him according to the order of the Priesthood And from that hour he began to recover & slept comfortably the latter part of the night. (37)

 

-- Feb 16, 1849

"Joseph said I command you to go and get another wife. I felt as if the grave was better for me than anything - but I was filled with the Holy Ghost that my wife and Brother Kimballs wife would upbraid me for lightness in those days - I could jump up and hallow. my blood clear as India rum, my flesh clear... (43)

 

-- Mar 10, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th  I recieved 3 letters to day one from Br & Sister Luther Scammans one from W. I. Appleby one from Br John Druce Haverstraw N.y. I also recieved the Herald N york weekly. It contained the Closing & breaking up of Congress which was A disgraceful scene. The member got drunk, fought, knocked each other down had bloody noses cursed damned &c which shows the state the Government is runing into. Elders J. C. Little & Whipple called upon me & spent the evening. I had a good time with them. (37)

 

-- Apr 1, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 1st Sunday I preached to the saints in New York in the forenoon & afternoon in great plainness to the Saints. G J Adams was present in the Afternoon. Left before meeting Closed. I took tea with Elder Hollister. I Called upon Ilus F Carter in the evening. (37)

 

-- Apr 10, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th A rainy day. I had An interview with Appleby & Crump. I deliverd to Br Appleby $21, $15 for A. O. Smoot And $6 for Aphek Woodruff to buy Groceries with. I wrote A O Smoot  A letter. I Called upon Mrs Mary Ann Banks 254 Seventh street. I took tea with them. Herd excellent Music & went home. (37)

 

-- Apr 11, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 11th  I wrote A letter to Aphek Woodruff & done up a bundle of papers to A O Smoot, A. Woodruff J. Benbow & B Young. I put my package in A Box & put in 4 lb. of [-] 2 lbs. tea for Aphek Woodruff besides the main bundle. I had $2 for the Above things of Crump. I met with the Saints. Had a good time. (37)

 

-- Apr 23, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... I was introduced to them. I took tea with him & family. He put £1 A sovereign into my hands at the table. May the Lord bless him fourfold I pray. 15 miles. (37)

 

-- May 8, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 8th  I wrote 3 letters to James Mellen, Wm Maxfield and Samuel Dam. I demanded Br Samuel Dam license for intoxication lying & disgracing the Cause.... (37)

 

-- Jun 17, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] + 17th Sunday I preached to the saints in Lowell. I read A Book in the evening Called Book of Captives Among the Indians including Smith Captivity. He gave an interesting account of A sacrafice offered upon to the Lord by An old Indian Chief who was nearly in a state of starvation & in great trouble. After purifying himself for 3 days with the best herbs He could get He goes before the Lord And builds An Alter lays A stone on the Alter And burns upon it all the tobaco He has And says O though Great Spirit I Here offer up unto thee the best thing I have, And all I have, And I know not when I shall get any more. And I now pray thee to hear my prayer & grant me my Petition which is this. Send A rain to raise this river two feet & a half that my Canoe can go into the Lake (Erie) so I can meet my brethren. Give me one Bear 2 Beaver, & 3 Coones. The Lord Herd his prayer & granted his request in all things. A rain came, the river rose 2 1/2 feet that night, He killed A bear 2 Beaver & 3 Coones.

              How much the sacrafice of this Indian Chief was like the offerings of Ancient Israel. This Exhample should teach even the Latter Day Saints A lesson. Let them offer their sacrafices as did this Indians And their prayers will be herd And Answered. (37)

 

-- Jun 27, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 27th I was sick this morning. Have taken cold. Settelled in my side. In the Afternoon I crossed the bay to Camden with Br Pearce & Luce. Called upon sister Glover. Took tea & walked to Goose River. Spent 2 Hours with Br Henry Mullen who was at work on a ship. We went to Mr Paul Perrys who was friendly & spent the night. 15 m. (37)

 

-- Aug 1, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Elder James Skerry who formerly presided over this branch of the Church was Accused of Adultery & Drunkenness. He was 42 miles distant & not present but from the abundant testimony of witnesses present He was Cut off from the Church by the unanimous vote of the same. (37)

 

-- Aug 10, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th  It was vary rough all through the day. I suffered much with sickness. We landed at Portland at 1 oclok. I was sick. I Called upon Ilus F Carter. Took tea. I then went to the cars to go to Boston. I there found sister Sarah B Foss going with the same train to my house. It rained all the way. I was still sick. Went to Boston at 8 oclok. Took cab to Brattle street & omnibus to my House. My family were all in bed. Mrs Woodruff arose & were glad to recieve us home. Distance from St Johns to Boston 500 miles. (37)

 

-- Sep 9, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 9th Sunday I preached to the saints & had a good time. I Ordained Brother [    ] Delin A native of Sweeden to the Office of an Elder. I walked with Mrs Woodruff through Boston Common & saw the water spout near 100 feet into the Air. We took tea at Mr Websters & returned Home. (37)

 

-- Sep 11, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 11th  I wrote two Letters to Nathan & Thomas F. Eldridge & John Luce care of Benjamin Knowlton. Brother Sweat left for home to day. Brother Boynton & Richery took tea with me. (37)

 

-- Sep 17, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 17th It was a cloudy day. I went & gatherd some herbs in the fore part of the day And went to fishing in the Afternoon. We caught 20 Pickerell & about the same Number of other fish. (37)

 

-- Dec 14, 1849

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 14th In Company with Elder David Turner I took Cars. Rode to Summerville to Preach. Also to Baptize Mr Isaac Moorehouse.

              But when I arived I found He had been on A Drunken spree with two Irishmen Patrick Burnes And Another man at Mr Burns House which finally resulted in the murder of one of the Irishmen. Burns knocked the other man down & stamped on his breast untill He killed him under the following Circumstances: Moorehouse gave Burnes 1 Bill to go & buy some liquor. He gave the $1 to the other Irishman to go on the errand. He Pocketed the money & would not go Burns then Knocked him down Stamped on his breast untill He Could not speak. He then left him lying on the floor with the Blood running out of his mouth.

              Burns then looked up Moorehouse in his house for two days. Said He would kill him also if [he] stired out of the house or reported against him in any way. The 2d day Moorehouse got out. The man died soon after He left. Moorehouse reported the case. Burnes & wife were both imprisioned. The Jury brought in A verdict of murder & Moorehouse will be the witness in the trial. But Moorehouse was miserable fearing that Burnes & wife would sware the Murder upon him. I did not baptize him of course, But preached at Brother Turners to A full House & spent the night. 40. (37)

 

-- Jan 6, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 6th Sunday I preached to the Saints in Bradford. Had a good time. Took tea with Br Burbank. I spent the night with Elder G J Hardy. (37)

 

-- During January 1850

The self-designated "State of Deseret" provided essential government services in the Great Basin. A bicameral General Assembly (Senate and House of Representatives) met in January 1850 and intermittently thereafter to enact ordinances having the force of law. .... Taxes on property and liquor were authorized, gambling was suppressed, and the use of water, timber, and other natural resources was regulated. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was incorporated, as were the Perpetual Emigrating Fund Company and the University of Deseret. (44)

 

-- Mar 3, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... We stoped an hour, took tea gave some Council, & returned to Portland. And it was exeeding Cold. I became quite Chilled.

              I spent a portion of the evening with Ilus Ezra & Mr Shaw. I then went home with Mr Ezra Carter & spent the night. Miss Sarah Elizabeth Foss was residing with Brother Ezra Carter. 24 m. (37)

 

-- Jun 21, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Remarks were made by W. Woodruff Concerning the order of the Camp regulations &c. Strongly opposed drunkenness Swareing, gambling, whiping oxen &c & was followed by Captain Petty who sustained the remarks made by W Woodruff.... (37)

 

-- Jul 4, 1850 (Thursday)

The general assembly of the State of Deseret held a joint session and passed an ordinance taxing the sale of liquor at the rate of 50 per cent. ad valorem. (22)

 

-- Jul 28, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 28 Sunday We stayed in camp. I had A severe Attack of  Sickness. I was Administered to & took herb tea & was better at night. I did not set up any through the day. (37)

 

-- Aug 26, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 26th Elder Whipple took some of my loading to carry one sack of Coffee from Bess wagon 160 lbs 1 Box of paper from Watts waggon 200 lbs. We travled over 17 miles of the worst road on the Journey. Our oxen wearied out & darkness overtook us in the Hills. We camped on a branch or near the La Prele river. We find but little of any grass for cattle in this region & expect to find grass vary short on much of the journey. The first & 2d Division of our company was camped on this creek. They killed two Buffalo this evening. (37)

 

-- Oct 28, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 28th The Presidency on Consideration of the case thought I might as well settle my own affairs So I commenced this morning to sell some goods which I had on hand. The people crouded Hard around my waggon to buy sugar Coffee &c as they had not had a supply in the valley. (37)

 

-- Dec 22, 1850

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 22d Sunday I Attended meeting at the Bowary And herd  An interesting & Edifying sermon preached by President Brigham Young. His text was truth. ... He spoke of the desire for tobaco Alchohol Coffee tea &c and the desire for such things was because they contained poison & excited the nervous system & it was death & not life & many useful remarks were made.

              I attended A prayer meeting at the Presidents in the Afternoon & Had a good time. (37)

 

-- During 1850

Levi Ward Hancock: Three known children: Emily Melissa, Temperance, and Levi W. Residing in Salt Lake City 1850. (41)

 

-- Jan 17, 1851

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 17th I spent the day in the Legislature. We had an interesting day. Councellor O. Spencer made an interesting speach & was followed By the Govornor who presented light & truth in the spirit of God.

              I spent the evening in A Lyceum of the Seventies. The word of wisdom was the subject discused. Five speakers were called upon who addressed the meeting & was followed by president Young who made many interesting remarks. He spoke upon the word of wisdom of its origen &c. Said it was well kept when it was first given. (37)

 

-- May 24, 1851

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24th We drove into the Salt Lake valley. I left Brothers Smoot & Stewart quite sick. They were glad to get Home. I took tea with Br & Sister Smoot... (37)

 

-- Jun 22, 1851

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 22d Sunday President Young Addressed the saints as follows:... A word more upon Law suits. Their would not be a Law suit in this valley if all men would do right & were saints but the net has gathered all kinds good bad & worse. Let twelve men get drunk in this community & it ruins the place in the estimation of Good men. We have to bear the character of the drunkard. A few stinking fish in the net defile it & the whole net stinks And it creates a prejudice against it. Those who were acquainted with Joseph know that if He delt any in temporal things it created a prejudice against him. He bought many goods to help carry on the public works but the people were ready to get it all away from him. So it is now.... (37)

 

-- Sep 8, 1851

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...B Young said I will put the motion. Will the Sisters + vote to quit using tea & coffee? The Brethren have voted not to use tobaco.

              I will speak of the Bishops. I spoke of them yesterday, & reproved them sharply. Some wanted me to offer an apology to them. I will not. I will see them in Hell before I will do it. If this people do not do Better than the Bishops have they will [go to hell] And if you do not do better than you have done you will go to Hell.....

              President Young said He wished all the people to pay their tithing to the Bishops of their ward. He refered to the remarks made by Father Smith on the word of wisdom. He said $50,000 dollars had Been spent in the valley during the past year for needless things for Coffee tea Tobaco &c. Many others remarks were made By president Young.... (37)

 

-- Sep 9, 1851

Brigham Young has conference covenant to accept and obey Word of Wisdom as commandment and to accept excommunication for non-payment of tithing. Church leaders do not consistently enforce either practice until 20th century. (7)

 

-- September 22, 1851

Sixth General Epistle-- SIXTH GENERAL EPISTLE of The Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from Great Salt Lake Valley, to the Saints Scattered Throughout the Earth. Greeting:-

              Beloved Brethren...  The conference voted to observe the words of wisdom, and particularly to dispense with the use of tea, coffee, snuff, and tobacco, and in this thing as well as many others, what is good for the Saints in the mountains, is good for the Saints in other places, and if all who profess to be Saints would appropriate the funds lavished on luxuries, and articles unwise to use, to the benefit of the public works, we would soon see another "Temple of the Lord." ... (45)

 

-- During 1851

(Almon W. Babbitt) In 1851 he was again disfellowshipped for "profanity and intemperance in the streets of Kanesville; for corrupting the morals of the people ... by giving them liquor to beguile them from the path of duty and honor." (14)

 

-- Mar 20, 1852

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 20 + I planted 8 wine grape slips large on the East & 7 Rhode island grape slips small on the west. I spent the day in the Big field ploughing. (37)

 

-- Apr 7, 1852

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Brother Parley Pratt said I was ingaged in the best work I could be ingaged in. I feel that we are bringing that people to a knowledge of the things of God.

              When I have traveled among them they have treated me vary kind. I called upon a Chief one day & I was hungry. His squaw went to work & dryed some wheat heads by the fire rubed out the wheat in her hands put it onto a smooth stone & took another smooth round stone & ground it fine & made me a cake of it & baked it by the fire. While she was doing this her daughter made me some good wine out of some buries she had preserved. So I had bread & wine for my dinner, all manufactured in a few moments. They rejoiced at our visit with them & many of them have been baptized & in some instances try to imitate our practices. In one instance a company of three came to visit us all highly painted up & dressed in the best they had. When they came to us we told them the mormons did not paint. They went to the creek & washed it all off. We feel that much good is begining to be done among that People. (37)

 

-- Apr 22, 1852. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] Heavy showers of rain and hail, accompanied by thunder most of the night. This morning is very cold. Heavy showers constantly falling attended by very strong winds. At 9 o clock the weather was more favorable and we continued our journey. The road [round] the point of the mountain although considerable digging has been done is yet very rough, and appears dangerous. We got over safe and it immediately after commenced raining heavy and continu[ed] some time. We arrived at E[dwar]d Robinson, at noon very cold and wet. He pressed us to stop and warm and gave us plenty of good beer. We tarried with him one hour and then went on to Battle Creek,2 where we found Geo[rge] Wardle Edwin Rushton and W[illia]m Dunn waiting for us having travelled [] miles. (26)

 

-- Aug 21, 1852

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 21st Met in Council with the Presidency & 6 of the 12. It seemed good to see so many of the 12 together again. We had a Social time to gether for several hours then dispersed to their homes.

              The Shoshonees or snake Indians came into the City to day to make peace with the Utahs & Walkers Company. They smoked the pipe of peace & shook hands in friendship & fellowship. They have been at war for many years but through the wise course of President Young they are brought to peace. (37)

 

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] The Shoshonees or snake Indians came into the City to day to make peace with the Utahs & Walkers Company. They smoked the pipe of peace & shook hands in friendship & fellowship. They have been at war for many years but through the wise course of President Young they are brought to peace. (37)

 

-- Oct 9, 1852. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...There are two trading stations between Fort Laramie and this point, and upwards of 120 Lodges of Indians in the neighborhood. At the lower trading house we noticed a stack of wheat in the sheaf. Wheat is offered at $4 per bushel, Sugar and Coffee 50 cents per lb, tea $2.50 per lb. Four of the brethren suceeded in trading each a worn down horse with the Indians for a good pony each; the Indians following the camp and appearing very anxious to trade, which was indeed unexpected by the brethren. This again convinces us that the Lord is with us and favors us every  day for it seems unreasonable to suppose that the Indians would have traded for such animals as they have, unless they were impelled by a superior power.... (26)

 

-- Nov. 8, 1852

... Pres[ident] Heber C. Kimball, Willard Richards, Tho[ma]s Bullock, W[illia]m C. Staines, James Ure, James W. Cummings, Samuel L. Sprague, W[illia]m W. Phelps, each with a wife met in the Temple room. The brethren annointed each other. The wives were annointed by Sister [Elizabeth Ann] Whitney and [Eliza R.] Snow; afterwards all partook of cakes and wine. Some spoke in tongues, etc. [Journal History,  Nov. 8, 1852] (40)

 

-- Dec 6, 1852. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] Some of the other passengers being as anxious to get on shore as we were, at 4 o'clock this morning we got some of the hands to set us on shore in the yawl. After a toilsome journey, we arrived at Beaver Town at 6 o'clock. Altho' we had but a little over two miles to walk, the exertions to get up the long steep banks of the river, and having my trunk and other things to carry we felt pretty tired. From this place Brothers Walker and Harper, took the cars at half past 7 for Pittsburgh. We had to wait till 2 o'clock for the Youngstown Packet and after taking some bread and cheese and beer, we spent the time till 2 in walking round the town &c.... (26)

 

-- Jan 4, 1853. Tuesday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...After the Officers had got through with us, we proceeded to Brother Cowley's Temperance Coffee House in Great Cross Hall Street, where we took up our abode for the time being. After eating dinner we went to the Bath House where we took a glorious scrubbing for about an hour. This with a change of clothing refreshed us very much. In the evening we went to the Office in Wilton Street, and spent a season with Brother S[amuel] W. Richards, taking some bread and cheese and Port Wine; after which we returned to Brother Cowley's and were soon comfortable in a warm bed. (26)

 

-- Jan 7, 1853. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... We went to Brother John Mellen's to tea. He appears to have settled down to stay in Preston and manifests but little desire to gather with the Saints. While here we were visited by John Halsal, who appears much the same as when we left him twelve years ago. (26)

 

-- Jan 26, 1853. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... I arrived in Liverpool about half past 8 and went direct to Wilton Street; but found to my sorrow that Brother Samuel had gone to a tea party and would not be home till after midnight. I then went to Brother Cowleys and after taking a little supper went to bed. (26)

 

-- Jan 28, 1853. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] ... I arrived at Sheffield at 4 o'clock and went direct to Brother Barraclough's where I lodged and took tea. Brother Glover has not yet returned from his weeks mission. After tea I started to go to Brother Memmets to see if there were any letters for me from home. I met him on the way and learned that no letters have arrived. I then went and spent the evening at the circus to pass away a lonely hour. (26)

 

-- Jan 29, 1853. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Spent several hours with Sister Plant formerly from Manchester and took dinner with her. Then went to Brother Wharton's and took tea and shaved there.... (26)

 

-- Feb 3, 1853. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...Evening went and took tea with Brother Walters, and visited some with him. (26)

 

-- Feb 4, 1853. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] Went to visit Sister Womack, who is some better, a little wine apparently nourishing her. Took dinner with them and watched Brother Womack put some pocket knives together. It is astonishing to see the number of times such small things have to go through the workmens hands. Returned in a snow storm, very cold and spent the afternoon and took tea with Brother Newsham. (26)

 

-- Feb 9, 1853. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... We then took a walk to the old Manor House, and returned to Thomas Leas to tea, where we spent an hour and a half. We then went to the Circus and spent the evening.... (26)

 

-- Feb 17, 1853. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...Orson Spencer expects to go to Washington to labor in connexion with Elder Orson Pratt. We went to Sister Whartons to tea, and tarried a season there; then went to the Theater to spend the evening, to be out of the way, and relieve our minds a little. (26)

 

-- Feb 19, 1853. Saturday.

[William Clayton Journal] Sister Hall called to get counsel in relation to her going to Liverpool to emigrate. Her daughter has wrote for her to go. We advised her to be still untill she heard from President Richards. Sister Hall's husband is a very drunken man, and abuses her shamefully.... (26)

 

-- Feb 20, 1853

Brigham Young preaches: These persons do not depend upon themselves for salvation, out upon another of their poor, weak, fellow mortals. . . . say they, . . . I depend upon you, brother Joseph, upon you, brother Brigham, upon you, brother Heber, or upon you, brother James; I believe your judgment is superior to mine, and consequently I let you judge for me. . . . Now those men or those women, who know no more about the power of God, and the influence of the Holy Spirit, than to be led entirely by another person, suspending their own under standing, and pinning their faith upon another's sleeve, will never be capable of entering into the celestial glory, to be crowned as they anticipate." On a mission to England William Clayton writes in his diary: "Took Tea at Brother Wm Memmet's, then again went to meeting. I addressed the Congregation and proved to them, that even if we were deceived in regard to the administering of the angel &c. we were still better off than the sectarians in every sense of the word." (11)

 

-- Feb 20, 1853. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...Took Tea at Brother W[illia]m Memmet's, then again went to meeting. I addressed the Congregation and proved to them, that even if we were deceived in regard to the administering of the angel &c. we were still better off than the sectarians in every sense of the word.... (26)

 

-- Feb 22, 1853. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...In the afternoon went to see Elder Schofield, to make arrangements to meet at the Railroad Station. Not finding him at home, Elder Glover, Sutherland and myself went to Brother Morris' to tea. ... (26)

 

-- Feb 23, 1853. Wednesday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...About 4 o'clock we were visited by a very heavy snow storm from the north accompanied by high wind. For a short time the atmosphere was dark as approaching night. It was such a storm as is rarely witnessed. Elder Schofield arrived soon after, having been in the storm from its commencement. After tea, we returned to Chesterfield, and took the Railroad to Clay Cross Station 4 miles.... (26)

 

-- Feb 24, 1853. Thursday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...We arrived at Bolsover about 5 o'clock, and called at Brother Stocks' where we took tea. ... (26)

 

-- Feb 25, 1853. Friday.

[William Clayton Journal] ...After tea Elder Schofield and myself walked out together. He informed me that Elder [] Wheelock is one who has tried to injure my character deeply. At this I was astonished, as I have not seen Elder Wheelock for many years, much less ever given him any cause for such treatment. However as the revelations came from Elder Schofield of Brother Wheelocks conduct I am not much astonished.... (26)

 

-- Feb 27, 1853. Sunday.

[William Clayton Journal] A.M. at home preparing for the evening's lecture. Afternoon attended meeting and spoke to the saints a short time. Went to Brother Morris's to tea, and at 6 o'clock returned to the room, and delivered a lecture on the Restoration of the Jews, and Apostacy of the Gentiles, according to previous notice given in the hand bills.... (26)

 

-- Feb 28, 1853. Monday.

[William Clayton Journal] .... After taking tea with Brother Hopkins, we repaired to the Baths, where Elder Glover baptized five brethren and sisters for remission of sins. These baths have a very filthy appearance, and I felt to advise the brethren not to use them any more. The water looks dirty, and the room is also very dirty. Moreover there is no convenience for changing clothing.... (26)

 

-- Jul 24, 1854

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The Word of Wisdom Especially Suited to Infants and Youth - Privations in Missouri - Necessity of Integrity, and Strife for Excellence - Responsibility of Parents, JD 2:16 - 21 (46)

 

-- Apr 8, 1855

[Sermon] Ezra T. Benson: The Word of Wisdom, JD 2:357 - 359 (46)

 

[Sermon] George A. Smith: Ordaining Young Men to Office - The Word of Wisdom - Union, JD 2:360 - 368 (46)

 

-- May 20, 1855

[Sermon] Orson Pratt: Trials of the Saints - Redemption of Zion - Second Coming of Christ - The Word of Wisdom, JD 3:12 - 19 (46)

 

-- Oct 21, 1855

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Sunday Oct 21 Meeting opened by singing & Prayer By T D. Brown at 10 oclock. Brother Lorenzo D Young addressed the People in the forenoon. He spoke upon the subject of setting up the kingdom of God On the Earth in our day & the blessings which God will give us & refered to the coming of Christ in the flesh to the Jews who were looking for a Great king to come to sit upon the throne of David.

              Spake of the crusifixion of Christ. His blood was shed & that Nation had to be chastized in consequence of it & they deserved it for they were worthy. We know the Blood of Christ was shed for the redemption of mankind.

              He spoke of the Endowments in the temple.

              Said the people always were afraid of the truth & always prejudiced against the profits of God but that did not stop the spread of the work of God.

              Some say Shall we stay here long? I do not know but I can say that we shall stay as long as we wish to. If all the Nations of the Earth were to Come against us they could not drive us away if we do our duty before the Lord & put our trust in him & do unto all men as we would wish to be done by in all things & if all will do this we shall not have much trouble in the kingdom of God.

              Some think that we have not as much faith as we used to have. I cannot believe this. I believe we are advanceing in the kingdom of God.

              Some are much tryed because all are not healed that they lay hands upon but I do not feel so. I had a Case during Conference concerning the case of Sister Baris. She was sick & I laid Hands upon her & blessed her with life & helth & went to meeting. In an hour I had word that she was dead. It did not try me. The Lord saw fit to take her & all is right.

              There is many duties devolving upon us & one of these duties are to pay our debts. If I owe a man & He comes to me & says you owe me so much & I need it in my family I will pay that man to the full extent of my power. I will divide the last loaf with him. I consider this one of our duties & I will say I never knew a man [to] get rich by taking great Interest neither do I ever expet to.

              He requested the Brethren to remember the Twelve & administer in temporal thing while they Administered in spiritual things.

              Sunday PM. Elder O. Pratt addressed the Assembly. He arose & said I should have been pleased to have heard from Brother Woodruff & others [if I] had not been Called upon to speak.

              I dont know when I have been more Edifyed than in the discourses I have heard at this Conference esspecially the discours of Brother Parley yesterday morning it was so plain & simple I tried to enter into the feelings of the speaker. I tryed to bring myself to this scene & fancied to myself how I would feel in Hearing the message of Glad tidings that a savior was born & also in being associated with him in life then the sorrow of his being taken away & crucified then the great Joy in his resurrection & his teachings while in his Immortal body.

              But when I think of the greater things which are to take place in our day I do not regret that I did not live in that day for there are greater things to come forth than were manifest in that day. For that kingdom of God of which all the prophets have spoken since the world began has now come forth as a preparation for the second coming of Christ. Not coming to be born in a manger but He will come From Heaven Clothed with all that great Glory & power of which the prophets have spoken.

              Now are we preparing for this great Event? Now if a stranger was to come to us they would not suppose that we were preparing for this great Event but was merely Cultivating the Earth to raise potatoes corn wheat &c. I do not believe for a moment that is the case. For I do believe that this people are preparing for the Coming of Christ.

              What will take place at that time? I have red in the book of mormon what that book says will take plase. We can read the great things that are spoken in that Book. (He read some unto the people.)

              I will take it to myself. I have not been as diligent in reading that Book as I should have been. I have red many other books of late but not so much in the book of Mormon as formerly. I have seen the time that I could read nearly whole Book in the book of Mormon without looking upon the book. I am trying to get all the sayings in the Books in my own mind that are spoken concerning the signs of the times in the day in which we live for I am well aware that it will overtake many as a thief in the night in the midst of the saints.

              Now let us look at the tokens or signs of the times that are passing before us as many as present themselves to our minds. I will read a Revelation given to P P Pratt & others. "Jesus Christ will not come in the form of a woman nor like a man walking upon the face of the Earth. But look forth for the Heaven to be shaken & the mountains to be laid low &c.

              When shall thes things be? When the Angel shall sound his trumpet two events will take place at the same time. Also the Lord said the Lamanites Shall Blossom as the rose in the wilderness. Now we know that this will not take place in a moment for we know it will take some time to prepare the Lamanites for this work. It will require a great miracle to bring that people to that State or it will take some great Changes to bring it about. This is but one of the Events that is to take place before the coming of Christ.

              I am glad to hear the account of the brethren who have gone among that people. I am satisfied that that people will not be prepared to receive the blessings of God untill they cultivate the Earth & when this [is] done we shall Have accomplished the great work but /not/ untill that time is done. Then sumthing will be done. Then we will be inspired to teach them & ther Children and all men will be blessed who labour faithfully to bring them to this State of things.

              Joseph Shall flourish in the wilderness. The Lamanites shall blossom as the rose. We shall hear of Israel and of their prophets & Revelations in other parts of the Earth. I do not say that they will have the priesthood from this people nor I do not say they will not for there are other men who hold the  keys of the kingdom of God on the earth. The Revelator & the three Nephits hold the keys of the kingdom of God & they will administer unto the children of men. Zion shall flourish upon the Hills & rejoice excedingly upon the mountains.

              When this revelations was given there was no gathering at all. Joseph had got to kirtland. I have no idea that the prophet himself knew at that time whare this would be. We are now here in the mountains in fulfillment of that Prophesy and Revelation.

              Also in the 40th Chapter of Isaiah comforting words were spoken Concerning the Jews & Jerrusalem. They were to go to Jerrusalem for they had received double reward for all their sins. Now Comfort them. Did all thes things take place in the wilderness in Zion & in Jerrusalem in the days of the /Birth of the/ Savior? No they did not. Then that same John Had yet to do a great work in the Earth in the last days. Who first delivered the priesthood to Joseph Smith the prophet & founder of the church of Christ in this dispensation? It was this same John the Baptist. So he has fullfilled a part of his last day mission.

              O Zion get the up into the High mountains that bringest good tidings. We say that this was not done at its first organization. Why shall Zion get up into the High mountains? Why to Judge the Nations of the Earth. This people will know righteous Judgment. This people will be protected & shall Judge the people of the Earth. It is said God will pour out knowledge & power upon Zion.

              These [are] some of the things that will take place before the Coming of Christ. Now that we may know that this is the case see what the Lord says. Behold the Lord will come. He will gather his people & carry them in his arms. We have come up Here in these mountains. Well now have we flourished? Yes we have. We have flourished. Yet not as much as we shall.

              The Lord has said that we shall be the ri[ghteous?] of all people yet we are cautioned to beware of pride lest we become like the Nephites of old & some prophets have said that we should be chastized that the church wandered in the wilderness were faint & ready to fall down. This people from the Commencement have passed through oppression & difficulty. We that have not been in the church from an Early day & do not know the History of it can learn it by reading the News published in Salt Lake City and we can Just as well read the future History & events of this church by reading the prophets that have spoken concerning us.

              Shall we be in these mountains when Christ Comes? No at least head quarters will not be here. It will have to be on more ground. It will be in Jackson Co Mo. We may leave some Millions here but the Head quarters will be on More ground.

              Where shall we go? To the New Jerrusalem whare there will be built a great Capitol & Temple & we have got to build it. We & all our Children who are 8 years old know that when we have tryed to build a City the Lord has suffered it to be thrown down so that we may have experience. So that we shall know how to build up a New Jerrusalem. So that it will be exceptable unto the Lord. So that it will never be thrown down but be saved & taken into Heaven and preserved in Eternity & when that is done Jesus Christ will Come to visit it. Angels will come. That will be before the great day of Christs Coming & our dwellings will be overshadowed with a Cloud by day & a pill[ow?] of fire by night so we can see to get home without Stumbling. It will be the most improved plan of lighting up our City.

              How will it be with the Lamanites? They will be the most important actors in the scene. We shall be secondly in that work. They will be so delightful & have such great knowledge of Architecture that they will be able to build up a New Jerrusalem. Then we shall go out throughout all the land to gather all the remnant of Jacob the Lamanits to come to the New Jerrusalem. What For? Why that they may be prepared to be Caught up to meet Christ in the clouds of Heaven.

              Then Christ will Come & stand in the midst of this people & they will be prepared to be caught up to meet Jesus Christ in the air.

              Then do I want to have lived in the day when Christ was born? No I do not. I would rath[er] live in this age. Now some of us may live in that day to see the seed of Israel gatherd. What Should you expect? We should expect to see Jesus come. But should we see him come without any sign? No. We should see Angels flying through the Heavens crying to all the Earth to prepare for the great day of Judgment is coming.

              What next should we see? There will be a sign that all people will see in all the Earth. As Israel made a Calf to worship so will there be five foolish virgins in the midst of all these signs, what shall we hear then? We shall hear another Trumpet sounded saying that the great day of God will Come upon Babylon that her bands are made strong so that No man can loose them. Then shall the curtain of Heaven be unfolded as a scroll so you can see it as you would gaze upon a map. Then you may know the time has come for the Saints of God to be Caught up into Heaven. That will be the great day for the Saints of God, but awful to the wicked. Then the Earth will reel to & fro like a drunken man. It will be the greatest Earthquake there ever has been On Earth.

              What next will take place? The graves of the Saints will be opened & they will come forth out of their graves clothed with glory Immortality & Eternal life & Enter into the cloud. Jesus Christ does not Come yet for there is other signs to take place.

              The Angels are to sound there Trumpets. O what must be the feelings of the people of all the Earth when they see the Heavens opened and the New Jerrusalem with all its inhabitants & the resurrected Saints all asscend into the Cloud while they are left upon the Earth. There feelings must be awful.

              There are many more things I might speak of but time will not permit. There is many of the greatest things to take place in our day that has ever taken place on Earth. Are we prepared? I think not. I mourn over this people to see them so Stupid. I feel that there hearts are more set upon the things of their farms than they are to prepare for the great day of the Lord. I pray the Lord to Bless us & give us his Holy spirit to prepare us for his kingdom & Comeing for Christ sake Amen.

              At 7 oclock in the evening the people again assembled & Filled the House and they were addressed by W. Woodruff who said Brethren & Sisters I am truly glad to meet with you in the capacity of a quarterly Conference & visit you as a mission[ary]. I am truly thankful that I have a mission appointed me in connextion with Parley P & Orson Pratt two of the Twelve Apostles. For it is the first time since the organization of this church & Quorum that I have had this privilege of being associated together with these two men on a preaching mission ownly as we have met in a conference from time to time to transact business as a Quorum.

              I Called them Apostles. Is it true that they are apostles? It is either [true] or false. If it [is] false then your faith is vain your religion is vain you have not the kingdom of God with you nor the priesthood with the blessings have you? But if they are true Apostles then you have the kingdom of God with you the Priesthood & the keys of the kingdom of God & a presidency who hold the keys of the kingdom of God on the Earth & govern that kingdom for the benefit of the people. Then you are bound to listen to our words & teaching & to the teaching of the presidency of this Church.

              When I arived in this place I spent the night at Brother Steels. After I retired to rest I prayed to the Lord to show me what he wished me to teach to the people. The spirit of the Lord said to me teach the people to obtain the Holy spirit that they may receive teaching. Then let the missionaries keep the spirit of the Lord with them & that will Constantly dictate them what to teach.

              You have had a flood of light poured out upon you since the commencement of this Conference & we should listen to it. We should pay particular attention to our children & teach them good things & not permit them to spend their time in reading novels & filling their minds with falshood & folly & things wharein there is no profit which will lead them asstray & make them fit subjects for destruction. When this is the case through the parents neglect they will have to answer for that sin. The Bible Book of Mormon & Doctrins & Covenant[s] should be read by our Children instead of French novels & negro songs for whatever seed is sown in the minds of our children the same kind of fruit will be produced. (37)

 

-- Dec 31, 1855

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...What the future Year will bring to pass, time must determine, but it will lay many low in death. Judgments will Continue to increase upon the gentile Nations & great calamity awate the wicked. May the Lord Preserve me from evil sin & transgression. May he enable me to keep the word of wisdom & be preserved in life & health with my wives & Children. (37)

 

-- During 1855

(Brigham Young Jr.) A year earlier, Young was injured in a Christmas Day street fight between a group of Salt Lake City citizens and drunken soldiers from Ft. Douglas. (14)

 

(Francis M. Lyman) As a fifteen-year-old freighter, Marion "took to drinking, and found that I really liked it … though it was miserable stuff, and I wonder we were not poisoned by it. … Freighters generally do their praying, if any, before they leave home or after they return, so nothing of that kind takes their attention while on the road." (14)

 

(Parley P. Pratt) Pratt had met the McLeans in San Francisco. Her Church activity and Mr. McLean's alcoholism led to separation, she moving to Salt Lake City. Though she and McLean were never divorced, Elenore married Pratt November 14, 1855. (14)

 

(Porter Rockwell) The widow of the Prophet's brother, Don Carlos Smith, had lost her hair from typhoid fever. Rockwell cut his hair to provide her with a wig—and claimed that henceforth he could no longer control his drinking and swearing. (14)

 

[Prohibition] By 1855, thirteen states had adopted "dry" statutes restricting the manufacturing and consumption of alcohol. This early temperance movement was stalled by the Civil War, during which time most of these early laws were repealed; however, the issue was not forgotten. (10)

 

-- Apr 29, 1856

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 29th  +  Tuesday [The asterisk is Woodruff's.] This was a trying day to my life. The poison had so circulated through my system that it was affecting my whole body seriously. I became so weak I could not stand upon my feet. It took two persons to lead me from the fire to my bed. I could not talk no more than if I had been drunk. My stomach & bowels sceased to Act And to Judge from outward appearances it seemed as though I should not live 24 hours. My wife & friends labored with me through the day faithfully & with Emetics & injections & with raw Onion poltices upon my arm I got my whole system in operation before night.

              President Brigham Young called upon me in company with Dr Sprague at about evening I was some better than I had been through the day. Brothers Young & Sprague laid hand upon me & blessed me. The following is a synopsis of the blessing which He pronounced upon my head which I wrote from Memory After my recovery:

              "Brother Wilford in the name of Jesus Christ & by virtue of the Holy priesthood I lay my hands upon your head to Bless you And I ask my Father in heaven to stay the disease which is resting upon you & to cleanse your Blood & to heal you up & I say in the name of Jesus Christ that you shall not die but shall live to finish your work which is appointed you to do upon the Earth. The Adversary has sought many times to destroy your life from the Earth but the Lord has preserved you & will preserve you untill your work is done. I feel to say that all is right here. I fell to ask the Lord to bless all the means you make use of for your recovary. You shall be healed up from this disease & live to enjoy the society of your family & your Children shall grow up around you & you shall be a blessing to them. Let your heart be comforted. All shall be well with you. And I seal these Blessings upon you in the name of Jesus Christ Amen. (37)

 

-- May 29, 1856

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 29th   I spent the day at the Historians office writing to correspondance. I wrote a Letter to Sir Wm Jackson Hooker Director Royal Gardens kew London In answer to a letter from him wishing to open correspondence with us in order to get an exchange of seed, flours, herbs, or any thing that grows in our Territory. I also wrote Letters to Honrs. J. M. Bernhisel, John Taylor, G A Smith, Erastus Snow, The Western Standard, C. C. Rich & O. Pratt & A. Bablam. (37)

 

-- Aug 26, 1856

Brigham Young's office journal records: ". . . Bro[ther] Brown lately arrived from Kanesville left a Bottle of Wine of his own make made from the juice of the grape as a present for President Young . . ." (7)

 

-- During August 1856

[Francis M. Lyman] In August 1856 he began courting Rhoda Taylor, an LDS immigrant from Australia; but he met resistance from her mother because he had become addicted to smoking.   They married on 18 November 1857. (47)

 

-- Sep 5, 1856

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 5th President Young was about home most of the day also presidents Kimball & Grant. Brother Grant is doctoring Brother Thurston who is vary much afflicted with the Rheumatism. The following remedy is given for a Cure. Take a Cucumber about ripe. Cut out one side. Take the seeds out. Put in salt as much as the Juce will dissolve. Put it in an oven & bake it soft. Squ[ez?]es it all through a cloth. Rub the Juce on the parts Effected. Annother cure is given. Take sh[....]s oil, beefs gall, spirits of Terpentine & High wines mixed together & rub on the parts Effected. Is said to be a Cure Also brandy & soap rubed on hot. Also salt peter Oil & vinegar rubed on. I have tryed many of these without any good. I spent this day in the office on the History. (37)

 

-- Sep 27, 1856

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... Presidet Young said that Washa[peek?] the Indian chief had cut up [the] smoothest bad trick that I ever heard of. So Brother Robinson related the circumstances as follows: Washa[peek?] with several other Indians came in to his store & ordered him to give them some spirits. He told them He had none to sell. They undertook to get it by force & Robinson pulled them out of the Store. He went away & soon came back with 100 Indians & pulled Robinson up to the door & told him he must open the door & give him some liquor. So they forced him to open the door & deal out Liquor to them. The 100 Indians drank 20 gallons & all got drunk but behaved vary well. They offered to pay for the Liquor. He has been used to such sprees. Brother Robinson said that if he was to do the same over again He should present a pistol to him & try his luck at it. (37)

 

-- Dec 1, 1856

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I Called upon President Young at his office. He had been down to lay hands upon president J. M. Grant who lay vary low. His lungs appeared to fill & no power to raise any thing from his Lungs. It appeared as though he could not live but a short time unless there was a change soon for the better. He said he felt as though He wanted an apple some grapes or wine or sumthing upon his stomach. President Young sent him down some & they rosted an apple & he eat it about 12 oclok & seemed to relish it well. He also drank some butter milk which he relished well, but it seemed to be sumthing like a death Apetite....{President Jedediah Morgan Grant Died Dec 1st 1856; 20 minuts past 10 oclok PM. Aged 40 years 9 months & 7 days.}... (37)

 

-- During 1856

[Nauvoo] Dissension split up the Icarians and they moved out in groups. In the next few years, the Icarians were gone. Early 1860s: A group of German settlers took over the city and established a thriving wine industry. (48)

 

-- Feb 7, 1857

[Brigham Young Letter] Wm. A. Hickman, -- You must recollect your instructions here that the men in your employ and all other hands upon the route must be men of good character no drinking of liquor, or swearing will be allowed on the route by our hands. (49)

 

-- Feb 17, 1857

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Again this power was manifest with President Brigham Young on the bank of the Missouri River at winter Quarters when the merchants brought up goods to sell to the brethren who were going to the mountains. Old Major Miller the Indian Agent was surrounded by officers & Miller in order to show his great power He told the merchants that owned some Alcohol not to roll a Barrel off from the boat. That He would knock the head in & spill it upon the ground. Presidet Young steped up & told the man to roll it out & if Miller spilled it that moment I will spill his clarrett. He & all the officers turned pale. The liquor was rolled out & nobody hurt. And other instances might be named whare the power of the priesthood has been manifest but these men have never boasted of it nor never will. I made many other remarks. I was followed by Lorenzo Snow who spoke well. (37)

 

-- Apr 14, 1857

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 14th I spent the day most of it in grafting my Apple Orchard. I grafted the following kinds intomy Apple orchard:

              Sweet Summer Pearmain   Wine sap = 20 Ounce

              Winter Pearmain Winter Queen Newark King

              Yellow Newton Pippin    June Eating

              Rhode Island Greening   Esop Spitzenburgh

              Allexander      Mother Portor

              Virginia Greening       Red June

              Golden Russett  Williams Early red

              Fall Beauth     Summer Pairmain

              Milam Peaks Plesant     Red Astrocan

              Early June, Early Harvest       Golden Sweet

              Baldwin, Tolpoy Hockien Rainbo or Seek no further

              Fall Pippen

              I also put in the following Pears: Bartlet Bergamont Julienne White Doyenne /& Bartlet/. The following Plums: Sweet Damson Smiths Orleans & Co[..] Golden Drop. Cherries: Black Tortonian. 7 Grafts of Quinces from Calafornia.

              While going to the office I saw Thomas Williams at the Council House drunk & swareing at an awful rate. Hooper & Egan were trying to still him. I spent the after noon in the office.

              I herd to day that my Horses were stolen. I immediately wrote a description of them & sent north & south. My boys got home in the night. (37)

 

-- Jan 31, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...At the close of the council I went to the 14 ward in Company with Elder O. Pratt who preached to the people and I followed him. He preached upon faith and the word of wisdom and many other things. We had an interesting meeting. (37)

 

-- Mar 31, 1858

Lyman Wight Death: 31 Mar. 1858, Mountain Valley, 8 miles from San Antonio, Texas, of complications from alcohol and opium addiction , Estate: No record (17)

 

Ex-apostle Lyman Wight dies in Texas from alcoholism and opium addiction. (7)

 

-- Jun 19, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 19th    In Company with Brothers G. A. Smith C. F. Olip[han]t we visited the main peach orchards in the City & we saw 33 Green tea plants growing in his garden which seeds he had picked out of imported tea. The plants had Stood the winter well.

              We then Called upon President Young Wells & Carrington at their office. It has rained nearly all day. We have never had as much rain in June as this year since we have been in these rallies. Col Johnson has made a proclamation to the Inhabitants of Utah upon receiving news of peace. (37)

 

-- Sep 10, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th I learned this morning that there was another Row on East Temple street last evening. Two Gamblers shot each other. One was shot dead. The other had a Ball in his head & one in his thigh. Another man was found dead in a woodpile. He was a Draggoon who was unmercifully beat a few days ago by a Lieut.

              Thus we have the fruits of Christianity & Civilization as manifest in the world introduced into our Territory. Untill the armey and its attendants arived here we had no such scenes manifest in our midst. The priests and people & the whole Government of the United States have tried hard to introduce those evils in our midst which are so common in almost evry City throughout the Gentile world & they have now accomplished it for a season & their is hardly a day passes but their is drunken[ess?] Gambling, swearing fighting & murder in the midst of the Gentiles in our streets.

              I spent the day in the office writing Letters & Compiling History. I wrote 3 letters one  to Ozem T. Woodruff & one to sister Shuah Moulton  and one to Dr J. M. Bernhisel. I Requested Br Bernhisel to send me 1 Bale of Cotton yarn 20 or 25 Bunches [of?] peaces of good sheeting 6 of Hickary & 6 of prints, 1 doz Reeds or stays for weaving of the following Numbers: 4 of 500, 2 of 400, 3 of 600, 1 L Reed 1 1/4 wide of 600 1 L Reed 1 1/4 wide of 700. Also 5 lbs of good Indigo 1 sack of sugar 100 lb & 1 sack of Coffee. These letters was sent by H S Eldridge. I sent 5 copies of the News to Ozem T Woodruff & 5 to Father Ezra Carter Containing my History. (37)

 

-- Oct 7, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 7th The Conference was addressed by Joseph Young. John Taylor, W. Woodruff E. Snow, & D H Wells. Much good council was given. The subjects treated upon were sellng Grain to the armey also spiritus Liquors keeping the Commandments of God & living their religion. The fair continued through the day & Closed at night.

              The Conference Adjurned till the 13 Nov 2d saturday in Nov. I spent the evening with the board. (37)

 

-- Nov 8, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 8th I spent the day in the office Compiling History. Robert started this morning to draw lumber from the mouth of Cottonwood for Wm. Kimball. G. A. Smith went to Jordon Mill.

              I called upon Presidet Young & spent the evening with him & D H Wells. We read to him the Article of agreement Between Mr Benson of New York & Samuel Brannan drawn up By Amos Kendel. President Young said not [to] put it in History But Copy it in a Book & seal it up stating on the outside of it what it is & let it lie untill we want it. It may be 20 years hence. He said President Polk was at the Bottom of it and Poke wanted to give the Mormons a grant of Land some whare in the west But secretary Marcy opposed him strongly & said if he did He would resign & do all he Could against him. There was a strong opposition against the Saints & Thomas Benton had prepared an Armey to destroy the saints in the wilderness & Nothing saved us ownly our fitting out the Mormon Battalion to go to Mexico at the Call of the Government.

              It was reported that Peter Conover was drunk in a Store & nearly Crazy. Hopkins Pendor a Policeeman went in to take him when some of his friends said they would take care of him He said that was all he wanted was to have him taking Care of. As he was leaving the Store Calvin Foss Came to him and asked him if he was the man that Chased him the other night (as two men were Chased who had taken away a roans wife & daughter for the purpose of whoredom & was shot at while in their flight). He answered yes. Foss then said dam you I will shoot you if you ever follow me again. You just try it again & I will use you up.

              Hopkins Fendor went into the street & told the Mayor of [it]. He asked him why he did not knock him down. He said why did you not go into the street & get help? The remark was made that He ought to be taken up. <President Young> one said I would not take him up if he was to threaten my life in that way.

              Brother James Ida Called upon President Young for Council to go to Calafornia to settle his business. President Young advised him to remain & appoint some man there to settle it. This Brother Ida raised a large Crop of wheat for the saints in Calafornia. (37)

 

-- Nov 12, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Note Friday night I met with President Young G A Smith O. Hyde E. T Benson & Elder Wall & A. J. Stewart. President Young in speaking of the 3 men that was Cut off from the church Chesley & James Phelps and anoth[er] He hoped they would not come back for they were a stink in any place. James Phelps will steal & Get Drunk.... (37)

 

-- Nov 14, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 14 Sunday The Conference met at 10 oclok. Presidet Wells spoke after President Kimball, & He was followed by Presidet Young who reproved the Elders sharply in the power of God for the evils which exhisted among them.

              The Conference then Cut off from the Church by an unanimous vote [      ] members and on saturday they cut off [      ] Members making a total of [     ]. They were Cut of for Aposticy, drunkenness lying swareing whoredores &c.

              President Young again spoke & asked if they supposed all was Cut off that should be. I tell you no. If all should be Cut off that ought to be there would be many more than there is to day. He said that any man that wilfully sined and broke the Law of God ought to be Cut off. Men may do wrong & sin wilfully with there Eyes. Can I forgive them? I will if God will but he will require the penalty to be paid. I will forgive men for sining ignorantly.

              Conference adjourned till 6 April. I met with the Quorum of the Twelve for prayer. O. Hyde prayed. O. Pratt was mouth. (37)

 

-- Dec 13, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... We made an estimate of the Armey as follows: 3,000 soldiers remaining in the Territory 800 to origon 400 to Mexico 400 to Levensworth total 4,600. Government teamsters 3,200, Cotractors teamsters 4,930. Sutlers & whiskey dealers 1,500 gamblers 170. General Harneys command 2,700 total 17,100. 14,400 Came to the Territory. Contractors oxes 13 to each 4,006 waggons 52,078 = 1,200 suttlers waggons 12 oxen each 14,400 Baggage waggons for Armey 19,200.... (37)

 

-- Dec 25, 1858

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 25th Christmas morning I went to the office in the morning. The City seemed to be Quiet. I took dinner with A. O. Smoot with Mrs Woodruff & spent the evening at his house. I was informed that Judge Sinclair got vary drunk fell into the gutter drew a pistol upon Craig & Craig drew a knife upon him but both were two drunk to do any hurt. (37)

 

-- During 1858

[Journalism] Editors of the territory's second paper, which appeared in 1858, intended it to serve Utah's non-Mormon minority, particularly the soldiers at Camp Floyd. Kirk Anderson's Valley Tan, a weekly, took its name from a term applied first to leather made in the territory, and later to any item of home manufacture, including moonshine liquor. Less than a year later, Mormons founded The Mountaineer, a weekly claiming to be independent but devoting much space to answering the jibes of the Valley Tan. (50)

 

-- Jan 15, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 15th  I wrote a Letter to J. M. Bernhisel saying that He need not send me the sugar & Coffee but send the reeds and indigo. I delivered the $186 to John Y Green for the Mill. He gave his recept for the Same which is in the hands of Thomas W. Elebeck. He also sent for a [S/L?]acrarometer which cost $1 which I did not pay for.

              I attended the Legislature at the Close of which I called upon the secretary Mr Hartnet but He was to drunk to do business with so I went home. (37)

 

-- Jan 21, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 21st I spent the whole day & night in the Legislature till 3 1/2 oclock in the morning. The Govornor remained up untill all the Bills were signed except a Liquor Bill & united Shambip County with Toille. Those are the ownly Bill that the Govornor has vetoed. We turned off much business during the Last 24 hours. We adjourned to meet on the second Monday in Dec 1859 in Great Salt Lake City. The secretary refused to pay the members ownly the identical Siting days. This Created some Considerable [      ] in the Assembly and an unusual thing. The Assembly offered a resolution of thanks to Govornor Cummings for his wise policy in keeping the peace & maintaining the Laws in this Territory. I went home at 4 oclok. (37)

 

-- Feb 13, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13th Sunday I attended meeting at the Tabernacle. Gilbert Clements Preached upon the first principles of the gospel. Was followed by Elder O. Hyde with a strong exertation. He objected to any person selling whiskey & then Coming into this [desk?] to preach which Brother Clements had done. Yet he did not Call him by name.... (37)

 

-- Feb 21, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...E. T. Benson said that He fasted 3 days and was blessed in it and thought we should not be discouraged but fast & Pray and ask the Lord for what you want. Now if we use Coffee, tobaco, whiskey, & stuff ourselves with meat we will be like the Gentiles & cannot expect much of the spirit unless we prepare our bodies for it. I believe that Good will grow out of this meeting.... (37)

 

-- Mar 10, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th I Called at the office at 9 oclok. Bishop Bigelow Called upon us this morning & gave a report of the Provo Court. Judge Cradlebaugh had 80 soldiers with him to guard the Prisioners. The Judge had given his Charge to the Jury. Wished them to inquire into the Mountain Meadow massacree, & several other murders. He seemed quite vindictive against the mormons. Sinclair was there drunk or nearly so & darning the Mormons.

              I had a conversation with James Cummings. He says he had a talk with Samuel J Lees. He says he knows who is writing those synonomous Letters to President Young. It is done by a Committee who are turning Infidels & apostitizing from the Church. They are vary vindictive against Brother Kimball. Cummings thought they would seek his life & many other things were said.

              I Called upon the Presidet & had a private Conversation with him upon this subjet. He said the Lord would Controll all this matter & the Utah Court [too?]. See office Historians Private Journal.

              I spent most of the day Journalizing.

              I Attended a party at Sister Kames with Mrs Woodruff A. O. Smoot & wife J. C. Little & wife J. Horn & wife Samuel Richards & wife & others. After partaking of a good feast I was Called upon to make a speech. I spent 3/4 of an hour Preaching the gospel of Christ & speaking of the things of the kingdom of God. Was followed by A. O. Smoot J. Horn J. C. Little another Brother & S W Richards which occupied the time till near midnight. (37)

 

-- May 10, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10th We had a frost this morning. It is pleasant but Cool for the time of the year. G. A. Smith left with E.T.B on Thursday last & has not returned yet.

              On Sunday night while in Council May 8th C. C. Rich introduced to the Quorum of the Twelve Miner Prisbrey. He had married Joice Danse of sanbernadeno & took her to Cedar City. There she wanted a Bill but did not get it. He then took her to Bever. She Applyed to Daniel M Thomas Judge of the County court of Bever County. He gave her a Bill. She then brought him up before the Teachers and accused him of Getting drunk & other things which she Could not prove & which he says was not a word of truth in. Yet there seemed to be a little prejudice against [him] so much so that they voted to take away his license or rather his Priesthood.

              He told his story to the Twelve and showed his Recommend as being in good Standing from Bishop Philo P Farnsworth. C. C Rich bore Testimony to the good Conduct of Brother Prisbrey. O Hyde said He knew about those Austrailia women who had been in tow by Brother Farnham & if Brother Prisbrey had not broaken any lay [law] he did not want him to loose his Priesthood through the Influence of that woman.

              He Called a vote and all the Quorum present voted that He be ordained to the office of an Elder which was done under the Hands of O. Pratt C C Rich & F. D. Richards C C Rich being mouth & a Licens given him signed by O Hyde On the 8 day of May 1859.

              I spent the day in the office. I Called upon President Young. He invited me to walk with him in his Garden. I went with him A Carrington & B. H. Young. We went all through his Garden & orchard. It was a splendid sight Peaches & Apple trees all in Bloom. His large grape vineyard is puting forth its young & tender vines. He requested me to save him some of my Catawaba grape & in return would give me a Black walnut tree that would bear. I would have to dig around it in the winter & let it freeze & it would not injure it to take it up.

              I spent the evening at S. M. Blairs. (37)

 

-- May 28, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 28th I arose at 7 oclok went to Townsends Assisted in laying the corps into the Coffin & got a team & carried it to Elder Orson Hyde. Here his Father for the first time saw the body of his murdered son for a moment it almost over come him.

              The Funeral of James Johnson was attended at 2 oclok. W. Woodruff opened by Prayer. G. A. Smith spoke upon the evil Consequences of the introduction of so much whiskey into this Territory which was adulterated by Strictnine & this was introduced by the followers of the Army sutlers Merchants and a great Many persons were making use of it and much Crime was the consequen[ce]. When a man was found in the Gutter or had killed somebody he would make for an excuse that He was strictnined but if we all let the Liquor alone we would not get the Strictnine. He made many remarks upon the evils of the use of Alchahal most of which was drugged. (37)

 

-- Jul 6, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I will here reveal a secret which I have not told. Bell & Livingston Came to me last summer & asked my advise. They told a sad tale of losses & said they Could not sell sugar & Coffee short of 65 cts Cotton Cloth 35 cts and all things in proportion. I told them to ask it for I did not believe their were 20 fools in this territory. But I found there were thousands. He sold all his stock out at those high prices before winter. I beat myself in giving that Council.... (37)

 

-- Jul 12, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12 President Young Called into C[o...?] Commission [-]. E. T. Benson was present. He has been to provo & held a meeting. Saw Brother Carns & told him that he herd that He was Brain Cracked & low spirited. He said that it was true and any man that Could be shut up in a dirty sell as long as I was with some 25 drunken Irish who were Cursing, swearing, fighting, spewing, & shitting & trampling over me without being Brain Cracked & down spirited then He has a stronger spirit than I have. I vomited many times nearly all there was in me.

              H Stout said that Wilson remarked that He expected that Judge Cradlebaugh & Sinclair would Join Issue against Buchannan & Judge Black But whatever they done Stout said they would Be mean themselves.

              President Young dreamed a few nights since that He saw those Judges drunk & they behaved as /bad as/ they Could. Evry thing they done was dirty and filthy.

              The Probate court has been in session about four weeks and Adjourned to day Senedi. I spent the day in the office. (37)

 

-- Oct 16, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 16th Sunday We had a rainy night. I met with my Quorum in the morning but we did not dress or pray. I attended meeting in the morning. G. B. Wallace preached in the morning. I did not attend in the afternoon. Brother Kimball & Wells preached. I attended the meeting at the 14 ward school house.

              Went home and had a severe attack of the inflamatory Rheumatism & Cramp in the stomach. I suffered immensly for 3 hours with hot mint tea & hot water. I got relief. We had a vary hard frost last night. (37)

 

-- Oct 24, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] He recommended me to send for Dr Sprague to Doctor me. I done so & He came the same night. He doctored me with roots & herbs and Nursed me vary wisely. I took a good deal of the tincture of Lobelia. (37)

 

-- Nov 3, 1859

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 3, 4, & 5 I Continued to mend slowley. I began to have a little appetite. Nearly all the food I had taken during my sickness was roasted sour Apples and a little bread Coffee. (37)

 

-- During 1859

(Francis M. Lyman) Lyman was called on a mission to Europe with his apostle father, but the approach of the Utah Expeditionary Force cancelled all missions. The following year, he married Rhoda Taylor.

              1859. As a nineteen-year-old husband and father, Lyman decided, "I could no longer be a Latter Day Saint in a manner satisfactory to myself without attending to my family and secret prayers." He learned to pray before his mission, and gave up tobacco at age twenty-five and alcohol at twenty-six. (14)

 

(Sam Brannan) Purchased 2000 acres of prime Napa Valley lands on which he built a huge resort, Calistoga, where Merino sheep and blooded Spanish horses grazed, and a distillery turned out an annual 90,000 gallons of brandy made from the grapes of 100,000 vines. "Calistoga" was coined when Brannan, in an inebriated state had declared he would make the resort the "Calistoga of Sarafornia." (14)

 

-- Jan 7, 1860

[Francis M. Lyman] Francis finally succeeded in breaking his smoking habit, and from then on he held the Word of Wisdom as "a great principle of liberty, an essential for strong bodies and minds, a thing indispensable to the work men are sent on earth to do." On 7 January 1860 Francis Lyman was ordained to the church priesthood office of a Seventy. In May of that year, he and his father went on missions to England. (47)

 

-- Feb 5, 1860

Brigham Young's office journal records: "Pres[ident] Young addressed the third Quorum of Seventies; most of his remarks were confined to the subject of drunkenness. He regretted very much its prevalence. He remarked it was not the drink that influenced men to wicked actions, but the drink weakened the body so that Evil Spirits had power over it." (11)

 

-- Feb 24, 1860

Brigham Young's office journal records: "President Young in the course of his remarks alluded to the zeal of Hyrum Smith Brother of the Prophet, in his views of the word of wisdom. who prophesied that every Saint who chewed tobacco would apostatize. President Young observed he prophecied by Hyrum Smith and not by the Spirit of the Lord. and that he (Hyrum) would eat about 3 lb. of fat pork in a day; and yet be so severe upon a tobacco chewer; upon other points observed the President Hyrum Smith was a man of knowledge. Once Joseph told his Brother Hyrum if he would suffer him to dictate [to] him he should lead the Church to Hell; and he would frequently sit and sneer at the remarks of Bro[ther] Hyrum, which were frequently delivered to the congregation when they were weary with the remarks of the preachers that had preceded him." (11)

 

-- Jun 26, 1860

Brigham Young's office journal records: "In the Evening Br T. Ellerbeck came into the Office and had some conversation about grape raising, Br[other] Carrington joined in and conversed about making grape wine." (7)

 

-- Aug 31, 1860

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ..In speaking of the Mahomitan religion He said it was not a new religion but a refermation of the Christian religion. Opium is sold in that Country for its weight in silver. There was a drug the people took which they received as a luxury. They would set Back to Back so as to not see Each others faces. If one sneezed all would Sneeze. He spoke of the Custom of the Druses. Their religion Caused them to bath often and they are temperate while many of the Christians of that Country are intemperate and filthy which Causes them to be weaker than the Druses which gives the Druses the advantage over the Christians in war &c. (37)

 

-- During 1860s

[Godbeites] By the 1860s Godbe was a bishop's counselor, Brigham Young's friend and protégé, and, as owner of the Godbe Exchange Building that housed the Godbe-Mitchell drug and sundry business, was one of the territory's ten wealthiest men. (51)

 

-- Jan 1, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Jan 1st This is the commencement of another new Year and of a vary important year. Joseph Smith the Prophet said whoever lived to see 1860 would live to see the foundation laid for some most awful bloody wars and whoever lived to see those two figures Come together 1866 would live to see a day when the Earth would be deluged in blood in many places & there would be such awful distress & Calamity that it would be a vexation to hear the report of it. We may prepare ourselves for an awful time in the United States. The hand writing has been seen upon the wall And our Nations is doomed to destruction. The United States will be visited this year with much affliction more than they have ever seen since they have been a Free Government and it will increase yearly untill they are destroyed.

              They are like the Ox going to the slaughter. They know not the day of their visitation. The Judgments of God await them because of their wickedness and while we are looking for the judgments of God to rest upon the United States & Great Babylon at large let us turn our Eyes towards Zion in these vallies of the Mountains and ask what State are the people in. Are they righteous & keeping the Commandments of God and preparing themselves for the great things of God which await them or are they lying, stealing, swareing, & mingling with the drunken? Yes many of those who are Calling themselves Saints are doing these things and they have great need to repent before the Lord, or they will Be damned & the Judgments of God will rest upon them.

              South Carolinia Seceded from the Union Dec 20 1860.

              [          ]

              Missisippi Convention voted to Secede from the Union Jan 9 1861 Yeas 84 Nays 15.

              Georgia Seceded Jan 10 1861 yeas 208 Nays 89.

              Florida Seceded Jan 10     "  signed 11 1861 Yeas 62 Nays 7.

              Alabama Seceded Jan 11  " Yeas 61 Nays 39.

              Louisiana Seceded Jan 26  " Yeas 113 Nays 17.

              Texas Seceded Feb 1, 1861 Yeas 156 Nays 7. (37)

 

-- Apr 7, 1861

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The Gifts of God - Home Manufactures - Word of Wisdom - Happiness, JD 9:31 - 40 (46)

 

-- Apr 21, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 21 I met with my Quorum in the morning at the Historians office. I +***** found on the Table A Deseret Extra News Containing the latest pony dispatch which says that war has Commenced. Charleston Batteries opened fire upon Fort Sumter at 4 oclok on the 12 April 1861 and fired 2,000 Shot & Shell into the Fort in about 24 Hours & Anderson Surrendered the Fort on the 13 April. The Fort much Damaged two magazenes Blown up some 3 or 4 wounded on Both sides but no one killed. This is the Commencemet of the war at South Carolina in fulfillment of the Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet in 1832.

              I attended the meeting at the Tabernacle. John Taylor Preached followed By Presidet Young in the fore noon. Jacob G. Bigler John D. Chase & Parley P. Pratt in the afternoon followed by Presidet Young.

              At the Close of the meeting, The Presidency, Twelve & Missionaries all met at the Historians Office. There were present B. Young H. C. Kimball D. H. Wells & W. Woodruff J Taylor & G. A. Smith of the Twelve. Presidet Young & Kimball W. Woodruff & J. Taylor laid hands upon the Heads of Nine of the Missionaries & blessed them & set them apart to go upon their missions. Presidet Young Blessed P. P. Pratt & George W. Grant & gave them each a great Blessing. Said they should become greater than there Fathers. At the Close of the blessing Presidet Young instructed the missionaries in vary plain term. Joseph Young & A. P. Rockwood ordained P. P. Pratt to the office of a Seventy. Presidet Young spoke of his being ordained as a President of one of the Seventies.

              Presidet Brigham Young in his instructions to the missionaries said now I want you to remember what I say to you. Now take care that you do not get to Sleep & let the devil take the advantage of you. You may do that in an hour that you cannot regain through all Eternity. Now you have great priviliges & nothing  but the attainment of the Throne of a God is worth the attainment of a Saint of God.

              Your privliges are great. What is the privilege of the wicked? They want the privilege to get drunk to Hore it & kill each other. Is this a privilege? No more than it would be to stick your hand into a Burning Stove. We have the privilege of living to all Eternity and Enjoying Eternal life forever, while the wicked want to kill his Neighbor. Now I want to say to you all quit your Covetousness, and whether you have little or much give it to bring the poor to Zion.

              And let the women alone, or it will prove a Curse to you. Here is George Grant. Has no wife. Now let him not think of a wife untill He gets back. This Corting women while you are abroad upon a mission is a miserable business. I would not give shucks for an Elder who Cannot go on a mission & keep Clean & Come back Clean. Now remember that. I have spent my Early life without women. Your integrity before the Lord is worth evry thing.

              Many Elders go out get to sleep & do wrong and they Come back and are good for Nothing & never will be. They will do no good. I want you to go & Come back right. I Expet this off you. God Expets it off you and now go & do right.

              President Kimball said, now take the bees for an Example. When they go out of the hive they go to make Honey. They do not make any bees while they are gone but they wait untill they Come back to the Hive. You should go & do likewise. Now do as Presidet Young has told you and God will bless you and you will Come back like a Child innocent.

              G. D. Grant made a few remarks.

              President Young said the Elders should take means with them to Carry them on there Journey to there field of Labor. He said $100 would Carry a man Comfortable to England. He spoke of his Travels with Brother Kimball East. The Lord gave them money.

              He said that He got a letter from Capt Wm. H Hooper who said that no appointments had been done for Utah. The Utah Merchants were writing to washington to Block up Hoopers way. They want to get Harris Elected Govornor and all Gentiles officers. He said He was satisfied that if they were not fighting Each other they would fight us. Bennet of the Herald advised Hooper to recommend to Utah to organize an independant State government if the presidet did not give us our own officers. He said we should have many to Sustain us in it.

              In speaking of the war in the United States Presidet Young Said the North would find much treachery among there armies. Anderson is playing in a deep game, and his fight at Sumpter is all a sham. He will try to get influence in the North untill He Can get the Command of an armey to deliver to the South and many play this game. The Nations would like to use us up but they Cannot do it. (37)

 

-- Apr 22, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 22 I attended a surgical operation at 11 oclok today. Dr Anderson Cut out a fleshy tumor near the armpit of Sister Daniel Thomas near the size of a tea Cup. She was under the influence of Cloriform. I spent most of the day in the office. (37)

 

-- May 23, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] President Brigham Young steped into the House of G. A. Smith & gave a short Sermon but vary powerful. He rebuked the speculators among us vary sharply those who are trading with the Armey & Gentiles & still profess to be Saints. Some remarks I herd at the Close as I was not in at the Begining.  He said I marvel at the patience I have had with such men. Here is B F. Stewart & his Brother & hundreds of others I Could name. Bishop Warren is another. They are a stink in my norstrials. They will trade with our Enemies and sustain them and they would let in all Hell upon us for a few dimes. They would like to open a gold mine, Esstablish whiskey & Hore Shops or do any thing for Money & be hail fellows well met with the[re?] Damned Curses, They would Get my throat if they had the power.... (37)

 

-- Sep 1, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Sept 1 Sunday I met with my Quorum in the morning & attended meeting in the Tabernacle all day. N. V. Jones C V Spencer, J. Gates & Presidet Young preached in the fore noon & D. H. Wells in the afternoon followed by President Young. He  delivered one of the plainest discourses I ever herd him deliver upon following the fashions of the Gentiles, wearing Hoops, making & selling whiskey, stealing &c. It was a vary plain strong discourse. (37)

 

-- Nov 24, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24 Sunday I met with my Quorum in the Morning, After which I rode to Fort Harriman. Charles W. Penrose & John Taylor spoke in the forenoon. James A. Little spoke a short time followed by Presidet Young 40 minutes who spoke upon practical religion. Requested the Elders to Quit drinking whiskey, Coffee, using tobaco &c and lay aside every bad practice. I preached in the evening at Fort Harriman. 25 mils. (37)

 

-- Dec 24, 1861

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24 I spent apart of the day in the Legislature the Afternoon. I met  in the New Hall in the 14 ward at 10 oclok for the purpose of dedicating the House. Mrs Woodruff with several others of the Sisters have been at work night and day almost for several days in making the Curtains & trimings for the windows and doors in order to get it ready for the Dedication. Brother Edington took the supervision of the whole triming of the House. Presidet Young arived at about 11 oclok. He Called upon me to offer the Dedication Prayer.

              The following Dedication Prayer was offered by W Woodruff:

              O God our Eternal Father we present ourselves before thee this Morning in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ to Dedicate this House unto Thee, and we ask for thy Holy Spirit to bring all things to our rememberance which may be necessary in the dedication of this House. We dedicate the Foundation of this building together with the ground upon which it Stands that it may be Holy from the Commencemet to the name of [the] Most High. We dedicate the Foundation with the rock Mortar and timbers and all things appertaining thereto that it may be Holy unto the Lord. We dedicate the walls of this House with the adobies, the mortar and every thing appertaining thereto that it may be Holy unto Thee.

              We dedicate the door with the Joists boards and nails thereof that the same may be Holy unto Thee. We also dedicate the windows with the sash, glass, putty and every thing pertaining thereto also the curtains with the trimings thereof and the shades that they may be Holy unto the Lord. We dedicate the doors with the Hinges screws locks, latches, and every thing pertaining thereto that they may be Holy unto Thee the Lord our God. We dedicate the Roof with the rafters, boards, shingles, lath, nails Plastering, Cornice, ornamental work and all things appertaining thereto that Evry thing may be Holy and Consecrated unto Thee. We dedicate the stand the pulpit the seats the floor the Boards the paint and evry thing belonging thereto also the Benches and seats in this room that they may be Holy unto the Lord.

              And we pray that this dedication may be acceptable, that this house and the ground whare on it stands may be Holy unto Thee. And we ask that thy Blessings may rest upon the Bishops and Priests and Elders who may occupy this Stand that they may be inspired to speak unto the Edifycation of this people and that they may magnify the Holy Priesthood given unto them. And we pray that this House may be Clean and every thing Clean and pure which dwells therein. O God the Eternal Father we dedicate this House unto thee and thy kingdom for the purpose of Preaching, teaching, instruction, singing, & prayer, and for the teaching of Our Children and for Lawful and innocent recreation.

              We pray that thy protecting Care may be over this House that it may be protected from fire and winds and Every Evil Elemet. And O God we pray that the spirit and power of darkness may have no dominion here that thy Saints may inherit this place in peace, that no Enemy may have power in this House. And should the day Ever Come that the Enemies of thy Saints should have dominion in this Land, grant that this Building may be destroyed from the foundation and not one Stone left upon another that the wicked and unholy may never inherit this House, nor this City nor any of the Houses of thy Saints which have been dedicated unto thee. Grant to accept of this dedication we beseech of Thee that thy spirit may rule and reign in this House. And may thy Saints not worship this House nor any thing appertaining to this Earth, but may they worship the Lord of Hosts and help do thy will and Esstablish thy kingdom upon the Earth. And if anything there be pertaining to this Building or the ground upon which it stands that we have not named before thee Grant that it may be Holy, that all things pertaining thereto with the dedication thereof may be acceptable unto Thee which we ask in the name of Jesus christ our Redeemer Amen.

              At the Close of the Dedication Prayer President Young addressed the Saints. The following are some of the remarks which he made:

              He said as I have the privilege of speaking I hope I may be actuated by the spirit of intelligence. As Brother Woodruff has asked the Lord in his prayer so I feel to say amen to the whole of it even to the destruction of the Buildings if our Enemies ever had power to possess it. But I do not think we shall ever be driven from this inheritance. I am satisfied we never shall be if we live our religion & do our duty. Here we are gathered together from all the Nations of the Earth. Like the net Cast into the Sea it gathers both good & bad and each one works out what is in him.

              While Brother Woodruff was offering the dedication Prayer I was wondering if they dedicated there School Houses anciently. They dedicated Solomons Temple but I dont know as they did there School Houses. But we should dedicate ourselves and all we have unto the Lord. We still have some among us who still wish to mingle with the wicked. They still want to introduce Mr Devil to me & to this people and such would hender the progress of the kingdom of God.

              I am pleased to meet with you here to day. I see the taste which you have displayed in the finishing of this house which I like and admire. Pardon me for quoting a remark of a man from the north in seeing the 13 ward Assembly room, proped up to keep them from falling down. He said the glory of the Bishop of the 13 ward had departed. But I hope the glory of the bishop of the 14 ward will not depart as did the 13 ward. I hope this House will not fall down.

              I am pleased to see that you have brought together the Elements which surround you and Erected a Beautiful Hall which is a pleasure to meet in. Even the most wicked take pleasure in beholding that which is beautiful & lovely.

              I delight to meet here. My soul is full of Blessings for this people. We are living in a world of sin yet we are approaching to the light and travelling together. As Latter Day Saints we should dedicate our all to God. The gospel of Jesus Christ is to make good men better and to put them in a position to receive Happiness Joy and glory to the fullness of the Capacity of man.

              Many Elders pray that they may have Confidence in God. But I pray that I may live so that God may have Confidence in me. I think it folly to pray that I may have Confidence in God for He is right all the time and if we will live so that he may have Confidence in us we will do well.

              It is our duty to make all the improvemet we Can while we live. All that we see here on the Earth is a similitude of what is in heaven. We have the Elements all around us to beautify & adorn Zion but we should not set our hearts upon Gold or silver or any thing upon Earth But sanctify the Lord in our Hearts. Then we shall partake of Eternal life.

              I say to the 14 ward if you occupy this House in the fear of God it will prove a Blessing to you. In the time of the persecution in Missouri we had to walk up & sign a Deed of trust to pay the Expenses of the mob in driving out the Saints. They said Jo Smith Could not make the saints Consecrate but we Can make them Consecrate.

              The Saints here Complained of paying a little tax and a little tithing money. I dont know but the Lord will let us pay a little money tax to the Devil. The Governmet requires a direr tax of some $27,000 dollars. When you have parties in this House dont admit drunken men into it.

              Another principle I wish to speak of if the Bishop wishes to invite a Gentile in dont let the people Complain about it for when a Gentile Comes in here and the priesthood rules the Gentiles Can do no hurt. But Let an Elder or any latter Day Saints go & attend a party among the Gentiles whare they reign and it is vary different. That would be rong. We should never bow down to the wicked. We should never descend but asscend & try to Elevate others to our standard.

              Men Come here from the States & profess to be asstonished at our History and improvements and they Come here Expecting to accomplish that which they will not do. Most of the Officers which the Government have Sent here are a Hiss and a By word and a stink in the nostrails of all good men and there never was a wickeder man than the Presidet of the United States and so are his associates vary wicked men.

              I hope we will strive to magnify our lives which God has given us, for we shall either go on to life Everlasting, or descend to Everlasting destruction. If we were all pure in heart as we should be we would have power to hold our Children & not bury them as we now do. Now go to & dedicate your hearts & your houses and all you have unto God.

              I feel to bless you in the name of the Lord. We are in a world of Sin, darkness & temptation, and any man who will not be faithful to this life how Can He Expect to obtain Eternal Life? We have got the kingdom of God Esstablish on the Earth and what we Cannot Bind to the kingdom of God we will let go.

              President Young was followed by D. H. Wells & O Hyde. They both made many good remarks.

              I spent the Afternoon in the Legislature and in the evening I attended a party at the 14 ward School House the first Held in the Hall. (37)

 

-- During 1861

(George A. Smith) Accompanied Brigham Young, Erastus Snow, and others to establish the new "Dixie Mission" in southern Utah. Nearly 800 families—approximately 3,000 persons—were called to this mission over the next three or four years. The primary purpose of the mission was to produce indigo, madder, fruit, wine, tobacco, and especially cotton—a commodity in great demand since the outbreak of the Civil War. The first year 100,000 pounds of seed cotton were produced, and, in 1863, 56,094 pounds of ginned cotton. A factory was built in 1870 for cotton processing, but poor soil, unstable water supplies, and the completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 made Utah cotton production unprofitable. Brigham Young named the principal settlement "Saint George" in honor of George A. Smith. (14)

 

-- Jan 20th, 1862

Letter to President Brigham Young from W. W. Phelps; Jan. 20th, 1862.

               President Young, or Brother Young just as pleases you best. .... To end the whole matter, we must be heared (sp. heard) by the Gods; fearing: and, according to the commandments, watch,--for this sustained Adam our Father, who is the Almighty before mentioned. When Israel was in the Wilderness, they kept the word of wisdom, as died like Achan (sp. ?) for stealing, god and garments. My voice is Virtue and Victory. Amen!

               W. W. Phelps

               P S Keep this letter, as have not copied it. (52)

 

-- Jan 29, 1862

Brigham Young's office journal records: "Bro[ther] HS. Eldredge, came in, the conversation turned on the love of property. Pres[ident] Young said he did not think there ever was a prophet on the Earth, (Jesus excepted) that cared less for the things of the world than he did. He remarked the Lord is desirious to exalt this people as we are his children, but riches would injure us at present therefore the Lord withholds riches from us till we are prepared to receive them. He knew that the more of the Spirit of the Lord a man had the better prepared he was to do business. Pres[ident] Young said he had been in Whiskey Street - and he had felt the spirit there, and he really thought the street must be burned down before there would be a good spirit there." (11)

 

-- Mar 1, 1862

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] March 1st This is my Birth day again. I am 55 years of age this day. I am the same age my Grand Father Eldad Woodruff was when he died. He had the spotted fever and was killed by Doctor Todd, as was my Mother and her Sister all about the same time, and my Father would have died at the same time if his nurse had not given him water the night he was given up to die. The doctor ordered French Brandy Bark & wine to all his patients for the spotted fever and they all died pleading for water and it would have been a great Blessing to humanity and a righteous deed for any man to have Emptied the brains out of Every doctors head that practiced medicine upon that system for it is much better that one doctor should die than that a whole Neighborhood Should perish.

              I spent the day in the Endowment House. Presidets Young Kimball & Wells were preset. I sealed 9 Couple at the Altar & D. H. Wells 11 Couple. (37)

 

-- Mar 24, 1862

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24th A Plesant morning. I received 2 letters from J. M. Bernhisel &  one package of 5 tea plants. 2 I put in pots, one in my Garden one I gave to Presidents Youngs gardner & one to G. D. Watt. I received one letter from M Barton. (37)

 

-- Jun 8, 1862

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Dr Michael Hyler was asked what He would do with the Rheumatism. He would give Rhoubarb & Calomel generally. I use Dovers Powders, Bark and wine, Campher & opeum. For the Lung fever I would give Alloes tartar emetic & Epiece and vegitable & mineral tonics and Calomel (tonics composed of Quinine & arsenic). For sore Eyes I use a solution of 2 grains of Tartar Emetic, 1 pint of barley water, 1 grain of Cream of tartar & give a wine glass full of the solution. I make a wash of Blue vitrol and Campher to wash the Eye. For Frost Bitten Limbs I would make a salve 1 lb Rosen 1 lb Beeswax, 2 lbs. Butter 4 oz. spirits of Nitre 2 oz of Quicksilver & Cut it with suphuric acid. For Diarrhea I would give Rheubarb magnecia 20 drops peppermint 10 drops lodlam half a pint of Barley water. Cover it till it gets Cool. Sweeten with loaf sugar. Take a spoonfull each hour for 6 Hours for grown person. Children in proportion. For Cancers I use Arsenic internally & Externally.

              Dr Palmer the Ey doctor makes use of the following articles as his main medicines: Nitred of Silver Sulphat of Zink sulphat of Copper suphat of Iron, Salt, Sugar, saltpeter Borax Opeum Camphor Belladona, Croton Oil, & Calomel. (37)

 

-- Aug 30, 1863

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] In the Evening I went down to see James Furguson who was near his End with hard drinking. He wished me to administer to him which I did. He did not have any reali[zisens?] that he was going to die. I told his family that he would not live much past midnight. He died about 1 oclok at night. (37)

 

-- Feb 2, 1864

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 2d I spent the day mostly at home writing & Choreing. I attended the Gardners Club in the Evening & presented to the Club the following specimins of Apples: Northern spy, Pecks plesant, green New Town Pippin, wine sap, Newtown Spitzenborgh, wagner, Hubbardsons Nonesuch & green winter Pairmain. (37)

 

-- Jul 23, 1864

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 23d I visited Brother E. B. Kelseys Currant Orchard of some 4 Acres from which he makes his wine. We Commenced a Two days meeting at the Bowery at 10 oclok. The Meeting was Addressed by John Sharp, A. H. Raleigh, Peter Maughn & G A Smith in the forenoon, & in the Afternoon President Young spoke. Was followed By J. Taylor & R L Campbell. (37)

 

-- 1864. September 24

(Annie Clark Tanner) : Born in Farmington, Utah. Baptized in 1873, Annie Clark was rebaptized a year later during a reformation movement. She remembered, "We raised our right hand and promised not to trade with outsiders. Also, as children, we promised never to touch tea, coffee, or tobacco. To take the Lord's name in vain was a great offense. The punishment for disregard of high moral standards among young people was severe indeed. The young people who transgressed were required to make an acknowledgement of their sin in a public meeting and ask the forgiveness of the Saints." (14)

 

-- Jan 8, 1865

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Ordinance of Bread and Wine - Its Nature - Character of God and of Jesus - Reasons Why Sin and Death Exist - Earthly Probation Necessary for Future Glory - Danger of Apostasy, JD 11:39 - 44 (46)

 

-- Jul 16, 1865

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Presidet Young spoke upon the word of wisdom how hard it was for us to overcome but "I will not let an appetite or passion master me. No man will get rich by Joining hands [with] wicked men & devils.... (37)

 

-- Jul 29, 1865

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 29 I spent the day in the Endowment House. We gave Endowments to [      ] persons. B. Young sealed [     ] Couple H C Kimball [     ] Couple W Woodruff [     ] Couple & G Q Cannon [     ] Couple. Brother Cannon had Elizabeth Tinney sealed to him to day.

              I had about 3 Bushels Carrots picked pressed out the Juice & mad some wine. I put as much water to the pomace as I had pure Juce then pressed again & put the liquor all together & put in 2 lbs Crushed Sugar to the gallon. (37)

 

-- Aug 10, 1865

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10 We drove to Ogden & stoped with Brother Wests. 22 mils. We held a Meeting in the Tabernacle. G D Watt Prayed. Presidet Young spoke 28 minuts H. C. Kimball 17, John Taylor 28, W Woodruff 25 G Q Cannon 18 C C Rich 13 & F D Richards 3 m. At the Close of the meeting we met in Council at Brother Farrs & herd letters read from England. One Elder Parker had Been guilty of whoredoms & Charles Benson of Drunkness. (37)

 

-- Jan 1, 1866

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...Elder John Taylor furnished us with 3 sleighs and we all rode & Called upon Orson Pratts family & spent a few moments with them. We also rode through the City & Called upon the Mayor A. O. Smoot & took some Home made wine with him. We then called upon Govornor Durkee who greeted us with Great Welcome.... (37)

 

-- Jan 22, 1866

[Brigham Young Letter]  If you should wish to take the building I should place a gentleman, a Mason, to preside in the Building and maintain the customary regulations. There has never been any smoking, drinking or swearing allowed in the building, and where (25) persons chew, it has never been admissable for them to spit on the floor. To the strict enforcement of these regulations, from the first opening of the building until the present, I attribute the reputation which the Hall has gained among the people. On these conditions you can have the Hall.  (49)

 

-- Mar 13, 1866

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13 14, 15 & 16 I spent the time on my farm getting out Manure & sowing wheat. We put in 5 1/4 acres.

              I came home in the Evening of the 16 & found Brother Edward Tullidge raving mad. He was at the City Hall in the hands of the poliece. He had been writing or Compiling my own Autobyography for nearly two years. Of late he had been drinking vary hard & writing Theatrical Plays. He now imagins himself the great Bridegroom & many other foolish things. (37)

 

-- Mar 16, 1866

Wilford Woodruff writes, "found Brother Edward Tullidge raving mad. He was at the City Hall in the hands of the poliece. He had been writing or Compiling my own Autobyography for nearly two years. Of late he had been drinking vary hard & writing Theatrical Plays. He now imagines himself the great Bridegroom & many other foolish things." (7)

 

-- Oct 7, 1866

Brigham Young tells general conference: "Not six months before the death of Joseph, he called his wife Emma into a secret council, and there he told her the truth, and called upon her to deny it if she could. He told her that the judgments of God would come upon her forthwith if she did not repent. He told her of the time she undertook to poison him, and he told her that she was a child of hell, and literally the most wicked woman on this earth, that there was not one more wicked then she. He told her where she got the poison, and how she put it in a cup of coffee; said he, 'You got that poison so and so, and I drank it, but you could not kill me.' When it entered his stomach he went to the door and threw it off. He spoke to her in that council in a very severe manner, and she never said one word in reply. I have witnesses of this scene all around, who can testify that I am now telling the truth. Twice she undertook to kill him." (7)

 

-- Apr 6, 1867

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Then Presidet Young spoke 23 Minutes and Preached a good Sermon to the Sisters. Requested them to keep the word of wisdom not to drink Coffee or tea & He wished all to keep the word of wisdom. Afternoon. D. H. Wells spoke 40 Minuts & John Taylor Spoke 72 minutes. (37)

 

-- Apr 7, 1867

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The Word of Wisdom, JD 12:27 - 31 (46)

 

[Sermon] Ezra T. Benson: Word of Wisdom - Happiness to Be Obtained Only Through Obedience, JD 11:366 - 368 (46)

 

[Sermon] George A. Smith: Raising Flax and Wool - Home Manufactures - Church Literature - Folly of Using Tobacco and Liquor, JD 11:359 - 366 (46)

 

-- Apr 21, 1867

[Sermon] George Q. Cannon: Remarks on Revelation, Missionary Fund, Word of Wisdom, Etc., JD 12:40 - 47 (46)

 

-- May 5, 1867

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...President Young spoke 25 Minuts. He said my Council to the People Concerning Liquor and beer is to let it alone. Your grain you want yourselves. The Liquor & Beer is of no use to you. I dont object to your making root beer for that is healthy.... (37)

 

-- May 26, 1867

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Our Delegate to Congress - The Word of Wisdom - The Union Pacific Railroad - Spiritual Ignorance of Popular Preachers, JD 12:50 - 55 (46)

 

-- Aug 17, 1867

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The Word of Wisdom - Degeneracy - Wickedness in the United States - How to Prolong Life, JD 12:117 - 123 (46)

 

-- Oct 8, 1867

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Oct 8 Conference opened At 10 oclok. Prayer by E. Snow. E. T. Benson spoke 23 Minuts Presidet Young 14 on the word of wisdom. Commanded all to keep the word of wisdom & if the Saints trifled with this they would be sorry. And I say unto you in the Name of the Lord God of Israel keep the word of wisdom. ... (37)

 

-- Dec 16, 1867

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...President Young spoke of the first organization of this school By Joseph Smith the Prophet. The word of wisdom was given in this school. Presidet Young said Adam was Michael the Ark angel & he was the Father of Jesus Christ & was our God & that Joseph taught this Principle.

              Presidet Young D. H. Wells & G A Smith Addressed the school on the 9 & on the 13 Presidt Young H C. Kimball & Joseph F Smith Addressed the School. The revelation Called the olive leaf was read & remarks made upon it By President Young. O Pratt also spoke. (37)

 

-- Jan 12, 1868

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Liberty of the Saints - Why They Are Gathered - Object of the - Word of Wisdom. - , JD 12:151 - 157 (46)

 

-- Jan 19, 1868

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 19 Sunday I met with my Quorum in the morning & attended Meeting in the Tabernacle. J. T. D Mcallister prayed. David Evans spoke 35 Minuts on the word of Wisdom & Family Government. Afternoon. Prayer By G. D. Watt. O Hyde spoke 54. L E Harrington spoke 20. I Preached in the Evening to the people of the 8 ward & administered to Bishop Sheets who had Been sick. (37)

 

-- Apr 7, 1868

[Sermon] George Q. Cannon: Word of Wisdom - Fish Culture - Dietetics, JD 12:221 - 226 (46)

 

-- May 10, 1868

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The True Church of Christ - the Living Testimony - Word of Wisdom, JD 12:205 - 210 (46)

 

-- May 17, 1868

Brigham Young preaching on the Word of Wisdom says: "I only saw one cup of coffee last summer during my trip south, and it was for an old lady eighty years of age. She asked me if she might not take her cups of coffee; and I told her to take it, and blessed her and her coffee." (7)

 

-- Sep 18, 1868

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Presidet Young spoke 35 minuts & said He read from the Book of Life keep the word of wisdom, Lay up the grain, Stop traiding with the Gentiles or I will Cut you off from the Church for it is time. Let Every one stop drinking Coffee, tea, whiskey, Tobaco for this is the word of God unto you & you will be Cut off if you do not. I spent the nightwith Brother Douglass. 18 mil. (37)

 

-- During 1868

(Sam Brannan) Severely wounded during a violent property dispute at Calistoga, he suffered permanent partial paralysis of his left side. Two years later, Brannan's enchantment with dancer Lola Montez, Lillie Hitchcock Coit, and others resulted in divorce, which forced Brannan to liquidate his holdings. Increased drinking eventually precipitated total collapse of his financial empire. (14)

 

-- Jan 19, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Jan 19, 1869 +  I Called at Brother Mussers at 10 oclok & met with Doctors Bernhisel & Anderson & others also Elder Orson Hyde who had met to have his toe next to the great toe taken off on his right foot. He took some Brandy & Cloriform. His toe was taken off at the 2d Joint. I then went to the Legislature & spent the forenoon. (37)

 

-- Apr 6, 1869

[Sermon] George A. Smith: Contributions for Emigrating the Saints - Word of Wisdom, JD 13:20 - 21 (46)

 

-- Apr 7, 1869

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Responsibility for Teachings - The Word of Wisdom - Cooperation, Etc., JD 13:1 - 4 (46)

 

-- Apr 16, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 16 1869 I left Salt Lake City this morning for a Journey to St Georg. We had the painful intelligence that Franklin Woolley was Murdered By the Indian near Calafornia & they were Bringing his body home in a Metalic Coffin.

              J. V. Long was found dead in a ditch on the 14th. Died a drunkard. Found dead with 2 Bottles of whiskey with him. Many smart Men are going to the Grave with drunkeness. ... (37)

 

-- Apr 21, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... Presidet Young 34 Minuts. He said If I was to tell you the will of God I would say it is the will of God, that you should take of your substance & send it to Gather the poor saints, the means you wood spend for tobaco, tea, Coffee, & whiskey & Gather the poor with it. We should be doing the will of God. It is the will of God that we should keep the word of wisdom. When you want to do Evil it is the will of the devil, & not the will of God. President Young told a dream on Chewing tobaco. We spent the night with Robinson. (37)

 

-- Apr 26, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 26 We travelled to Cedar & held a Meeting. H. S. Eldridge Spoke 6 minuts B Young jr. 3 M, Joseph Young 25 Minuts D. H. Wells 38, & Presidet B Young 28 M.

              Presidet Young asked do you keep the word of wisdom? Do you pray? If not it is hard living. You know whether you do or not.... (37)

 

-- Apr 29, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Presidt Young spoke 40 Minuts.

              He said the Latter Day Saints are not aware of the Influence they have with each other. Now you put wine on the Table morning & night & it will be an injury to you. You might as well tipple with any thing Els as wine. We should set a good Example before all keep the word of wisdom, and if you do not you will soon be severed from the Church. In speaking of Merchandize He said I mean to Break up evry Merchant who has made himself rich off this people & I mean to Break evry one of them By the Help of God. Let the Sisters Attend these Cooperative Stores and not Great Strong Men.... (37)

 

-- May 2, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...  Presidet B Young spoke 60 Minuts & said I do not know that I have spent one Moment to reflect whether I should be saved or not. I know that I am serving a God that will do right & He has given me a work to do And I ask God to Give me Grace & wisdom to perform it & I leave all Events in his hands.

              He then read the word of wisdom & said this people never saw the day that they were willing for God to rule over us in all things. There is not one in a thousand willing for it.

              During the whole war we were the ownly People in the United States who were safe in person & property. They did not Call for any men. I am Glad of it.

              The Nation is agoing to have war & Blood up to their Horses Bridles & they will be destroyed. I have Paid to this people more than two Million of Dollars and they would hunt up some Gentile to give it to him. There is Still many tares with the wheat among this people. What shall we do with them? Let them grow with the wheat untill the Harvest.... (37)

 

-- May 5, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...I do not know of a More important thing than for those women who know to keep a school to teach others to keep house. I have seen women pretend to keep House. Make tea first then fry meat then Boil potatoes & at last make Bread. There are but vary few good House keepers. But when you find one you find a woman that knows what to do.

              The female Relief Society would [should] take this matter in hand & teach young women the art of House keeping. Have a place for Evry thing & Evry thing in its place. Learn the girls to be Book keepers so they Can tend the stores & keep accounts. Also let the Sisters get up a Cheese Factory & make Cheese for the people, Make Bonnets Make Cloth shoes & let your Daughters Marry Good men if they have 40 wives.

              G Q Cannon spoke 7 Minuts. (37)

 

-- May 8, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Presidt Young spoke 19 Minuts ... I say to you to stop dealing with the wicked. Stop swearing & drinking. Treat your Animals kindly. God does not give you Animals or wives & Children to abuse. We shall be held Responsible for all we do. Could our Eyes be open to see the order of Enoch we should be ashamed of ourselves. (37)

 

-- Sep 5, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...At the Close of the Meeting I went to the Townsend House & Conversed with some Cincinnati wine growers. They advised us to raise the Delaware Cataba & Ives Seedling for wine in this Country. (37)

 

-- Oct 13, 1869

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...In the Evening I picked some grapes & prepared for making about 8 gallons of wine. (37)

 

-- Dec 9,1869

[Utah] ZCMI Drug Stores advertises that is has just opened on Main Street with "Liquors, Draught and by the case." (53)

 

-- Mar 6, 1870

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 6 Sunday In Company with G. Q. Cannon & George Chrisman to Bishop Brintons ward on Cotton wood. We met Elder John Taylor. We met to hear some Complaints against Bishop Brinton By some Members who drank whiskey & Chewed tobacco. But after setting 4 Hours & hearing all that Could be said against him we found nothing proved against him. We rebuked the accusers took supper returned home.

              Visited Bishop Hoagland. Laid Hands upon him. Found him vary low. Went to the 14 ward. Herd a Primitive Minister preach about Christ dying on Calvary. I followed him a few moments & returned home. 20 M. (37)

 

-- Apr 10, 1870

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 10 Sunday I wrote a letter to Col Joseph Leffet & sent $1 for Muskie clover or Bee feed.

              I met with my Quorum in the morning & attended meeting in the Tabernacle. A H Raleigh spok in the forenoon & gave an interesting account of his mission. He said the American Nation had green Backs on the Brain spirited men in the Boots & wine & women from Head to foot.... (37)

 

-- Jun 18, 1870

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 18 A plesent Morning. We drove to Paris. Stoped with Broth Rich. We met in the school House of the Prophets at Paris. John Taylor Prayed. The Minuts of several Meetings was read. Presidet Young spoke 10 M. Said the world would have to judge the word of wisdom for themselves. Men will have to be Judged Equal according to their Conduct.... (37)

 

-- Sep 24, 1870

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24  I received 3 letters from Azmom & Bee Men. I drew 2 loads of Corn in the morning. Commenced ploughing in Spencers lot. Attended the school of the prophets. A lecture on faith was read & short speeches maid from Many. I spoke a short time. While speaking G. A. Smith Came in & followed me & gave an Account of a raid made upon the City of Provo by some 25 Drunken U.S. soldiers. They broke in the doors & windows of several Houses & tried to burn the Meeting House took several Citizens prisioners & mistreated them. Presidet Young & Company returned home to day. (37)

 

-- Oct 30, 1870

[Sermon] Brigham Young: The Word of Wisdom - Spiritualism, JD 13:274 - 283 (46)

 

-- Nov 12, 1870

[Sermon] Joseph F. Smith: The Gospel and the Things of the World - Consistency - Works As Well As Faith - The Word of Wisdom, JD 13:336 - 342 (46)

 

-- Aug 27, 1871

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 27 Sunday I met with my Quorum in the Morning &  attended Meeting in the Tabernacle. A. P. Rockwood Prayed. Brother Albert Dewey spoke 22 Minuts Br Ship 33. Rev Dr Thompson spoke 13, & President Young 16 M. Afternoon. G Q Cannon spoke 20 Minuts. Then Gen Riley of Rochester N.Y. spoke upon Temperance 30 M, then G. Q. Cannon 30, & Presidt Young 21 M. I received 4 letters & I wrote 2 to Thomas [-]  & Mr S Hart. (37)

 

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Temperance, JD 14:223 - 227 (46)

 

-- During 1871

(B. H. Roberts) Young Roberts worked for Centerville farmers, made bricks for construction of the Salt Lake ZCMI, and drove an ox-team grader for the Utah Central Railway. At fourteen, he prospected in the Utah mining districts of Ophir, Jacob City, and Metcur. His evenings were spent in gambling houses, where he "manipulated the jack of hearts and spades; learned to drink his coffee black and his liquor straight; learned to bet and bluff and cajole." (14)

 

-- Sep 17, 1872

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Gen Nagle had spent 2 years in France & Jermany in order to learn the best process of manufacturing wine & Brandy. He had introduced the best grapes & Esstablished the best distilary in the State. He made 100,000 gallons of wine & 20,000 gallons of Brandy Each year. His brandy was as Clear as Cristol. No Coulering whatever in it. He did not sell his brandy but put it up into 1,000 gallon Casks untill it was 5 or 6 years old & had aged. Then He said this Generation should for once have the privilege of buying a pure article. It took 5 gallons of wine to make 1 gallon of Brandy. He paid $20 a ton for the Mission Grape & $30 for the grapes He had imported. We went all through his grounds & dined with him & when I left him He shook me by the hand & said God Bless you.... (37)

 

-- Oct 8, 1872

[Sermon] Brigham Young:, Jr Testimony - Search the Scriptures - Word of Wisdom, JD 15:191 - 197 (46)

 

-- Oct 9, 1872

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... Presidet Young spoke one hour upon the order of Enoch & the way the people should live should keep the law of God the word of wisdom set a good Example Employ No doctors ownly surgeons & have No lawyiers. (37)

 

-- Oct 30, 1872

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 30 I finished picking grapes to day. Made 15 gallons wine. (37)

 

-- During 1872

(Susa Young Gates) Married Saint George dentist Alma Dunford. Sixteen years old at the time, she was psychologically unprepared for the intimacies of married life. Her husband's drinking problem complicated their relationship. In 1877, while Dunford was serving a mission intended to rehabilitate him from alcoholism, Susa filed for divorce. He returned and raised their two children. Even on her deathbed more than fifty years later, she worried, "I hope I have not wronged Dr. Dunford." (14)

 

-- Sep 14, 1873

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... I was introduced to Mr Cooper & Lady who warmly invited me to take tea with him on the Morrow. He kindly offered me the Meeting House when we wished it. I returned to Almy & spent the night. 4 M. (37)

 

-- Oct 7, 1873

[Sermon] George A. Smith: The Word of Wisdom - Education, JD 16:237 - 239 (46)

 

-- Oct 8, 1873

[Sermon] George A. Smith: Means Required to Build the Temples - The Word of Wisdom - Unity Needed in Building Up Zion - Sabbath Schools - Journeyings in the Holy Land, JD 16:279 - 283 (46)

 

-- Feb 8, 1874

[Sermon] Orson Hyde: Living Faith in God - The Providences of the Almighty in Behalf of His People - Lay Up Treasures in Heaven - The Meek to Inherit the Earth - The Word of Wisdom, JD 17:4 - 14 (46)

 

-- August 20, 1874

Instructions to Members of the United Order-- ...As rapidly as possible the finest varieties of grapes for raisins should be added to those already in our southern settlements, and all our markets supplied with the best of raisins. So far as wine and brandy are produced, pains should be taken that they be of the purest and best qualities, and vessels and storage cellars should be prepared for keeping the wines in the best condition. ... (45)

 

Rules that should be observed by Members of the United Order-- RULE 1st.-We will not take the name of the Deity in vain, nor speak lightly of His character or of sacred things.

              RULE 2nd.-We will pray with our families morning and evening, and also attend to secret prayer.

              RULE 3rd.-We will observe and keep the Word of Wisdom according to the Spirit and meaning thereof.

              RULE 4th.-We will treat our families with due kindness and affection, and set before them an example worthy of imitation; in our families and intercourse with all persons, we will refrain from being contentious or quarrelsome, and we will cease to speak evil of each other and will cultivate a spirit of charity towards all. We consider it our duty to keep from acting selfishly or from covetous motives, and will seek the interest of each other and the salvation of all mankind. ... (45)

 

-- During 1874

(Daniel H. Wells) When U.S. marshals attempted to interfere with a municipal election, an unruly mob gathered at the polling place. Mayor Wells "commanded the crowd to disperse  and leave the entrance clear. … Some of the leaders, now more or less intoxicated, when the order was given to disperse, instead of obeying, made an attack on the mayor. … Mayor Wells resisted this move. Several others now caught hold of him, tearing his clothes." (14)

 

-- 1875

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Thus Ends 1875 the End of the Centaury of the American Independance. It has been one of the most important Centauries in the History of the world in many respets. It has not ownly esstablished an independant Government and a great Nation in this western world but it has also Esstablished the Church and kingdom of God in the midst of it which has stood for forty five years since its Esstablishment but is now growing Strong in the vallies of the Rocky Mountains the backbone of the American Continent. The Church has had much persecution from the hand of the Gentiles, but the Lord has preserved his people & given them Deliverance so far & has broaken Evry weapon formed against Zion and will Continue to do it untill Evry Nation will be destroyed & wasted away who will not serve Zion in fullfillment of the prophesies of Isaiah & other prophets.

              Darkness now Covers the Earth & Gross darkness the people. Sin of Evry kind Now deluges the Earth as the waters Cover the great Deep. Whoredom, theft, drunkenness, Murder and sin of Evry kind rules predominant throughout the Christian world untill infidelity is overwhelming all Nations and the whole Earth is ripening for the sickle and the hour of Gods Judgment is at the door of all Nations. The past is gone, and the future is before us and great Events await us in this generation. The Redemption, & Esstablishment of Zion, the fall of Babylon, the gathering of Israel including the Jews, & 10 Tribes, & the second Coming of Christ all are near at HAND.

             

               (37)

 

-- Mar 21, 1875

A missionary preaching at a temperance hall in Wolverhampton, England is asked by a man in the audience how many wives he had. The missionary answers "enough to leave his neighbors alone." (7)

 

-- Jul 12, 1875

In England missionary and future apostle John Henry Smith dreams "that Prest. J[oseph] F. Smith and I and some others took tea with the Prince of Wales and wife in one of the Palaces in London." (7)

 

-- Jul 18, 1875

Apostle Orson Pratt preaches in Salt Lake City that rebaptism "seems to be a kind of standing ordinance for all Later-day Saints who emigrate here, from First Presidency down; all are rebaptized and set out anew by renewing their covenants. After his counselor Daniel H. Wells euloguzes Emmeline Free Young, Brigham Young stuns those at funeral by instructing her children and grand children not to follow his plural wife's "bad example." In her manuscript "My Father's Wives," Susa Young Gates explains that "Aunt Emmeline became addicted to morphine in the later years of her life." (7)

 

-- Aug 23, 1875

Joseph F. Smith writes, "From my childhood-for twenty years and upwards I chewed the filthy weed. I never saw the moment during the whole time that I was not inwardly ashamed of it, insomuch I endeavored to keep it to myself, using great caution. One day I went into the president's [Brigham Young] office. He whispered to me, I was obliged to whisper back. He smelt my breath, and started in surprise. "Do you chew tobacco?" I could have shrunk out of existence, or anihilated myself from very shame, and he saw I was ashamed of myself, and pitying me said, "Keep it to yourself"!- In the 1860's Brigham Young also struggled with an addiction to chewing tobacco. (7)

 

-- Aug 31, 1875

[Sermon] Brigham Young: Present Revelation Necessary to Lead the Church - The Apostleship - Present Revelation Necessary for All - Evils of Waste, Intemperance, and Extravagance - True Reformation is to Cease From Doing Evil, JD 18:70 - 77 (46)

 

-- Jun 3, 1876

DESERET NEWS publishes grand jury's audit of Salt Lake Corporation's finincial records which show extensive transactions involving liquor. Municipal funds purchase liquor for Pioneer Day on Jul 24 and also for party of Mormon Battalion veterans. The city rents Brigham Young's distillery for $2,000 annually from 1861 to 1867, after which city government purchases its liquor directly from Howard Distillery which is owned jointly by Brigham Young and his first counselor Daniel H. Well. Young is also member of Salt Lake City Council (1872-1877), and Wells is mayor from 1866 to 1876. Report observes "After completion of the railroad, the city continued to buy liquor from Brigham Young at $4.00 per gallon, although they could have gotten better 'States' liquor at $1.25 per gallon." (7)

 

-- Dec 18, 1876

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... Elder Erastus Snow arived & we held a Priesthood Meeting and we all spoke our feelings & advised the people not to Mingle with the Miners nor unite with them in dancing parties and to sell their wine by the Barrel to the Miners & not retail it.... (37)

 

-- Sat 17.

[John Nuttle Diary] At the Temple reading & comparing passages of Scripture- not having concluded my research. wrote on the Mode of Proceedure of Temple Workings- supper postponed until tomorrow at 5 P.M. spent the evning at Bro Macdonals. sister Mc Nixed me some wine & honey for my cough- slept better tonight (54)

 

-- Apr 15, 1877

[John Nuttle Diary] Bro Slack gave me a small bottle old wine to take home. (54)

 

-- May 16, 1877

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ... I thought I was poisond to death to  day with a tea made of Indian root which was recommended good for my lungs. After swallowing 3 tea spoonfulls I turned deadly sick for two hours. I felt as though I would die. I drank sweet oil, No 6, and Cayenne pepper tea which finally eased my distress. There was quite a Change Came over my whole system in the Evening. I rested well through the night. Br George Jarvis watched with me for several nights. (37)

 

-- Jan 30, 1878

DESERET NEWS advertises "WAGNER'S BEER ON DRAUGHT AT 5 CENTS A GLASS" on same page as its directory of "NAMES OF PRESIDENTS AND BISHOPS OF THE ORGANIZED STAKES OF ZION." The "CITY LIQUOR STORE" ad is also immediately above "GENEALOGICAL" advertisement directed to Ladder-days. DESERET NEWS previously ran several alcohol ads in each issue for years, but alcohol ads now appear next to directory of church officers from its first publication on Jan 9, 1878 until Apr 1, 1880. On Jan 2, 1879 chewing tobacco ad appears on page with directory of church officers. On Jan 6, 1880 church directory appears next to ad for "BETTER AND PURER LIQUORS, WINES AND CIGARS Than can be found at any other house in Utah." (11)

 

-- Apr 5, 1879

[John Nuttle Diary] Young Men using tobacco and wine Bps to release those who would not cease its use from officiating in any of the labors of the Priesthood. (54)

 

-- Apr 13, 1879

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13 Sunday I met with the People. J. W. Young spoke on the word of wisdom. I bore Testimony. I met in the Evening read the 118 & 121 Section of the D & C, and spoke upon it 45 Minuts. (37)

 

-- Aug 3, 1879

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Petone  gave three young Mormon Elders the Strongest rebuke I Ever heard from an Indian. The 3 boys were smoking. They asked Petone if He would not smoke with them. He looked them sternly in the face and said No The Great Spirit has told me if I would not smoke nor Drink whiskey I should live a long time but if I did I should live but a short time. I said to the boys you should lay that rebuke to heart & never set such an example again before an Indian. (37)

 

-- Aug 28, 1879

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Aug 28   A great Day in Islata. The streets were Crouded at an Early hour with Islatas Mexicans and Americans. Our room was in the midst of it. The two Lagoonie Chiefs were with us. The feast or wake Continued through the day Drinking, gambling, feasting &c. The people Began to dispers before Sundown but it was 10 oclok before they broak up. (37)

 

-- Oct 12, 1879

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 12 Sunday I met at 11 oclok. Br Nelson Prayed. WW spoke 30 M Moses Curtis 10 M, Br Bloomfield 17, Lot Smith 10 M. In the Afternoon I attended a Priesthood Meeting. The word of wisdom was spoken upon. Tobaco, liquor, Coffee, tea &c was dwelt upon. (37)

 

-- Oct 17, 1879

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 17   I received a letter from G. Teasdale. I wrote 4 letters to J Jaques, Phebe, Bulah & John Taylor and Council about selling tithing flour or wheat.

              I received a letter from J Jaques [      ]   speaking of Selling the Esstate of Presidet Young. Said that Earnist Young the ownly Male heir in the suit against the Esstate was found Drunk on the side walk. Was Carried to his house and died in the morning. He did not live to Enjoy the money paid him in the suit. Br Jaques speaks of the rain and Cold weather. (37)

 

-- Saturday, Oct 25th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] After arousing in the morning, the first town of any importance that we passed was Mansfield, which contains a great number of large and beautiful brick buildings.  At Alliance I took a cup of coffee and a sandwich for a change from my regular diet.... (55)

 

-- Sunday, Nov. 9th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ...After reaching 49, I was writing in my journal until meeting time, half past two, when I went to meeting, and heard a number of the Saints bear testimony to the truth of this Gospel; After meeting I was introduced to a number of the saints. We then came to 49, had tea, as it is called, and returned to meeting at half past six; Bro. Clayton, President of this district invited me to speak, so I arose and addressed those present for a short time, after which others spoke... (55)

 

-- Monday, Nov 10th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... About 4 P.M. Bro. Dunbar and myself went out for a walk to make some purchases; I obtained a satchel, umbrella, and a few articles that I was in need of; it then being quite late, we returned to 49, and had tea. The female relief society met here this evening, we and some other brethren being present; the sisters are doing much good, and I spoke a few words of encouragement to them. We administered to a young lady, who has a sore foot. Singing practice followed the meeting, after which Bro. D'- and myself walked part way home with one of the sisters. (55)

 

-- Tuesday, Nov. 11th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... On returning we called at Bro. Butts house, remaining there for a few minutes; we got our valises from 49, and walked to Arnold , four miles distant, reaching there about dark; went to the house of Bro. Wright, and met there Bro. Zera Terry, who reached England a week before me; he is young and inexperienced, like myself. After tea we went to meeting, which is held in a garres [sic], and all three of us addressed the Saints; took supper at Bro. Wright's, and slept there, all three in one bed. (55)

 

-- Wednesday, Nov. 12th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... On arriving in Hucknall we went to Bro. Ed. Burton's house, where we had dinner and tea; during the afternoon I was reading some, and also wrote letters to Uncle Angus and Mother. Went to meeting in the evening, which is held in a small hall, and addressed the people; Bro. Dunbar came in just after the meeting had commenced. We had supper, and slept at Bro. E. Burton's. There are a great many colliery's around here, and they furnish employment for a great number of men; no steady work is afforded by them; the people are very poor. (55)

 

-- Thursday, Nov. 13th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] I did not sleep very well; breakfasted at Bro. Burton's the father of Edward, after which I wrote letters to Sarah and Mina; at noon we went to Sister Goddard's, where we had dinner, and remained for some time talking. About four o'clock we took tea at Bro. E. Burton's, and Bro. Dunbar and myself started for New Thorpe , six miles distant, leaving Bro.... (55)

 

-- Friday, Nov. 14th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... We took tea at Bro. Simons, held meeting in the evening at Bro. Taylor's house, myself, Bro. Dunbar, and Bro. Simms occupying the time. We took supper at Bro. Taylor's, and slept at Bro. Simms. (55)

 

-- Saturday, Nov. 15th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... Bro. Rampton met us here, he having been appointed to this Conference from the London, and having just arrived; we had dinner and tea together at Bro. Lomax's, and then Bro. Ramplin left for Nottingham as he is to labor in the Mansfield, Hucknall district. Went to the station with him; in the evening wrote to Richard and Mary Ann Lambert, and started to write to John Q. Had some singing in the evening after tea, and then went to the house of Mr. Hunt where we slept; he is not a member of the Church, but is very kind to all the Elders. (55)

 

-- Sunday, Nov. 16th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] I slept very well; took breakfast with Mr. Hunt, after which we went with Bro. Lomax to Bro. Dewey's home, where we took dinner. Went to meeting at the house of Bro. Lomax, and I with other's bore my testimony to the Gospel truths: took tea with the Dewey family, returning to meeting in the evening at half past six; I spoke for a few minutes, and Bro. Dunbar occupied the remainder of the evening. We went with Bro. Lomax, to the house of Mr. Oliver, who is not in the Church, but he and his wife will be baptized as soon as convenient, and there we took supper. We called on Sister Vance and went from there to Mr. Hunt's, and to bed. The Saints here are feeling very well. (55)

 

-- Monday, Nov. 17th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... Went to tea at Bro. Lomax's, after which we went out to Littleover  ... (55)

 

-- Tuesday, Nov. 18th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ...  and had dinner, and I was then studying until tea, which we also had here... (55)

 

-- Wednesday. Nov 19th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ... After dinner we went about a mile to the house of Sister Wells, whose husband is not in the Church; we here had tea, and remained until about seven P.M.... (55)

 

-- Thursday, Nov. 20th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ... I was studying the Bible for a while in the afternoon; we went down to Bro. Row's to tea, and remained here to meeting; myself and Bro. Dunbar occupied the time.... (55)

 

-- Friday, Nov. 21st 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ... We had tea soon after arriving, and during the evening we were amused and interested in hearing Bro. Wilson's two daughters... (55)

 

-- Saturday, Nov. 22nd 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... After having tea and remaining for a while at Bro. Freeston's ... (55)

 

-- Sunday, Nov. 23d, 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... I went to tea at Mr. Williamson's, ... (55)

 

-- Monday, Nov. 24th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... We went to Bro. Danver's home and had tea, on arriving in Shepshed, ... (55)

 

-- Tuesday, Nov. 25th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... We went to Sister Thorpe's for tea; and from there to Bro. Allen's home... (55)

 

-- Wednesday, Nov 26, 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ...  on arriving there we went to the house of Bro. Woolley, and took tea. ... (55)

 

-- Thursday, Nov. 27th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ... to the house of Bro. Johnson, where we remained the afternoon and part of the evening, taking tea here; he is a tailor, and lost his wife some time ago. ... (55)

 

-- Friday, Nov. 28th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... About three o'clock we returned to Bro. Smith's home, and took tea there, and remained until dark talking... (55)

 

-- Sunday, Nov. 30th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... We went to Mr. Fletcher's home, and had tea, returning to meeting in the evening and myself, Bros. Rampton and Dunbar occupied the time.... (55)

 

-- Saturday, Dec. 6th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] Bro. Rampton decided to fast today. .... Took tea at Bro. Scothern's, and after this was talking Gospel to a young lady that was here; also talking to some of the brethren, who came in; took a little walk, returning to Bro. Scothern's and taking supper. (55)

 

-- Wednesday, Dec 10th 1879

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... Had a good wash all over, and then had tea here, after which I was reading until meeting time, which was held at the conference house; myself and Bro. Rampton spoke.... (55)

 

-- Jan 4, 1880

Apostle Orson Pratt preaches at Salt Lake Stake conference that "as a general rule it was the children who were attacked by diphtheria, and on investigation it would be found that the parents of such children as had been taken [by death] were neglectful of the word of wisdom or some of the commandments of God." (11)

 

-- Sunday, Jan. 11th 1880

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal]  The sabbath day is not observed here, for worship, generally; as business of all kinds is carried on, and in the evening, crowds of both men and women called in the beer halls, and drink and carouse together. (55)

 

-- Feb 15, 1880

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Feb 15 1880 Sunday I met the people at Sunset at 10.30. Warren Tenney prayed. W. Woodruff spoke 45 M Bishop Johnson 20. Afternoon. We went to Brigham City. J W. Young spoke 30, Bishop Johnson 28 WW. 20. We held a meeting at Sunset in the Evening. John W Young spoke 61 M on the manner of living, and the word of wisdom WW 20 m. (37)

 

-- Jul 25, 1880

First Counselor in First Presidency George Q. Cannon preaches: "It [the Word of Wisdom] appeals to our sense of right that a commandment does not, because a commandment comes with strict injunctions which leaves no alternative but to obey; but this is a word of counsel by a kind father. . . ." (7)

 

[Sermon] George Q. Cannon: Office of the Holy Spirit - Equality Produced By the Gospel - The Evil of Class Distinctions - Danger of Worldly - Mindedness - Riches Alone not Productive of True Happiness - A Contrite Heart Necessary - Should Be An Increase of Spiritual Gifts - Word of Wisdom - The Return to Jackson County, JD 22:98 - 109 (46)

 

-- Oct 27, 1880

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 27  Telegram say their is more hope of Br Rich to day. Brigham T Young Son of Joseph A Young died at 2 oclok this Morning with drunkenness & Morphene.

              I attended Council.    In our Council today we ordained Francis M Lyman (son of Areason Lyman) to the Apostleship as one of the Twelve Apostles. John Taylor was Mouth in Ordaining. We also Ordained John Henry Smith (Son of George A Smith) To the Apostleship A member of the Twelve Apostles. W Woodruff Ordained him. He was the first Apostle I Ever Ordained.

              The following is the blessing sealed upon the Head of John Henry Smith:

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

              Ordination of John Henry Smith to the Apostleship to be one of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles Ordained under the hands of Presidet John Taylor, George Q. Cannon, & Joseph F Smith of the Presidency, and Wilford Woodruff who was Mouth in Ordaining also Orson Pratt, Erastus Snow, Franklin D Richards, & Brigham Young of the Quorum of the Twelve and D H Wells Counciller to the Twelve.

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

              Brother John Henry Smith in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Authority of the Holy Priesthood And Apostleship confered upon us we lay our hands upon your head, and we ordain you an Apostle in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and as A member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. And we seal upon you all the power And Authority to Administer in all the Ordinances of the House of God agreeable to this Office Even the Apostleship which is the Highest Authority Ever Confered and sealed upon the sons of men in the flesh.

              And we pray God to Cloth you with the power of this Apostleship, with the power of God, That your mind may be open to Comprehend & understand your relationship to God, your relationship to your Brethren, your relationship to the Church and Kingdom of God, in relation to this world, and in relation to the responsibility which now rest upon you.

              And we say unto you The Eyes of God & his Son Jesus Christ and of the Heavenly Hosts, and of Joseph Smith and the Apostles, and the Eyes of your Father who are behing the veil are upon you. And there is rejoicing in Heaven becaus you are one of the Sons of the Prophets & Apostles and have Come forth to take upon yourself the Holy Apostleship and we say unto you be humble before God and seek for the Holy spirit For you need this power to guide and direct you in this Apostleship. And inasmuch as you walk in faithfulness and humility before God and seek and obey the Council of your Brethren you will become a Mighty man in the Earth. And you shall stand in the flesh to behold the great work fullfilled and the promises of God Concerning the great last dispensation of the fulness of times.

              We pray God to Cloth you with his Power, with the spirit and Power of the Holy Ghost and the Revelation of Jesus Christ which Belongs to the Apostleship which is your right to Claim which is your right to exercise, & which is your right to Enjoy. Lift up your voice as with the Sound of a trumpet long & loud as far as you have an opportunity in your day and declare the word of life & salvation unto the inhabitants of the Earth.

              You are ordained unto this power. You hold the [Issu.sd?] of life & death as far as the salvation or Condemnation of the world is Concerned. You are Called to Stand in the defense of the truth and to bear your record of the Kingdom of God on the Earth and your Testimony will rise in judgment against the wicked in the day of Judgments in the day when all men will give an account of the deeds done in the body. Your words shall be a savior of life unto life to those who believe and obey, or of Death unto Death to those who reject your testimony.

              Therefore we say unto you go forth in peace & the power of God to bear a record of the word of Everlasting life. And take upon you and feel in your spirit this Apostleship, and the blessings of God will attend your labors. We seal again your Evry Blessing, and evry Key and Endowment of the New and Everlasting Covenant Even the Blessing of Abraham Isaac & Jacob in the name of Jesus Christ our Redeemer Amen.

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

              The spirit of God rested upon us while we were ordaining thes two Brethren to the Apostleship. The Blessing of Br Lyman I have not Got Therefore I Cannot record it. (37)

 

-- Tuesday, Jan 11, 1881

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 I went to the City Council. We had various kinds of business. A franchise was granted to a Lighting and Heating Co. and a Petition of seven  thousand people was received asking the City Council to curtain the Liquor trade. (56)

 

-- Apr 16, 1881

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 16 I receivd 6 Letters to day from Dr Ormsby, David, J M McAllister A Carrington & Prisby. I took an Alcohol  swet By J G Bleak. (37)

 

-- During Jun 1881

William H. Kelley interviews: Mary Bryant: Lyman Cowdery helped write Morga's anti-Mason book and was a law pettifogger (taking small cases) and a cats-paw for the Smiths, doing their dirty work. Ezra Pierce (born 1800): Pulled sticks with Joseph Smith for a gallon of brandy; Abel Chase's sister also had a seer stone. Orlando Saunders (Lorenzo's brother): Joseph Smith worked for him many a time. Abel Chase (Willard's son): The Smiths were superstitious and shiftless; the stone belonged to Mason and Mrs. Smith got it from their Mother; also, their sister had and used a different seer stone. (19)

 

-- Wednesday, Sep 7, 1881

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 7 p.m. I went to the City Council. The Liquor Ordinance was passed and the City Assessment approved. (56)

 

-- Sep 7, 1881

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Sept 7, 1881 I met in Council to day. The Case of the Liquor in Brigham City was taken up and the committee felt that they had nothing to do upon [-] such matters. It was left to the Authorities of Brigham City. The presidency felt that they had Enough to do to attend to the Kingdom of God without attending to the local affairs of the various towns & wards of the Church. (37)

 

-- Nov 5, 1881

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 5 We drove to Duncan Creek & took dinner with Thomas Woolsey who was in the Pioneer Camp.  He told me to make tea of Cedar Bows for Billious Colic and it would Cure me.... (37)

 

-- Dec. 4th 1881

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] In Leipsig: "In the evening I took a cup of coffee and read the papers." (57)

 

-- Monday, Dec 26, 1881

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Today was observed as a general holladay.

                 I took my family out riding and we all ate dinner at Sarah's. Today is notorious as being the day on which more drunkenness occurred than at any time since this city has been inhabited. I went to the theatre in the evening. (56)

 

-- Jan 15, 1882

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Jan 15, 1882 Sunday A Cold morning. I took Cars at 7 oclok with J F Smith & Junius F Wells & rode to Ogden to attend the quarterly Conference of the young Mens Mutual improvement Association. Met at 10 oclok. We also met Moses Thatcher there. The forenoon was mostly spent in carrying out a published program. Several young men spoke upon History of the Church, fruits of the gospel, Evils of intemperance. Moses Thatcher spoke 40 Minuts in a vary interesting manner. (37)

 

-- Friday, Jan 20, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 2 p.m. the Legislature was in session and they passed a liquor law affecting the charter of S.L. City. (56)

 

-- Tuesday, Feb 14, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Today a Territorial Liquor bill came up and I endorsed it aside from a provision that diverted the revenue from the cities to a general school fund.

                 6 p.m. the City Council met and the business of the evening transacted. Hon. William Jennings was sworn in as Mayor and Mayor Little expressed his regret at seperating from his old associates. Hon. J. F. Smith responded in words of friendship and regard. After adjournment all of the city officers visited Mayor Little at his home and many good remarks were made congratulating him on his success as mayor of this city. (56)

 

-- Apr 12, 1882

DESERET NEWS editorial comment: "Our readers ought to be able to draw a clear distinction between the advertising and editorial columns of this paper. . . .If a liquor dealer advertises his wares, we do not endorse liquor drinking." (7)

 

-- Sunday, Apr 23, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Nephi, Juab County

              [stake conference]

                 2 p.m. The people took a vote that they would not fellowship any man who sold liquor or who patronized outside saloons.

                 Four persons were cut of[f] from the Church and three were suspended. (56)

 

-- Apr 23, 1882

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] After noon. Sacrament Administered. Presidet Teasdale Presented the Subject of Brethren selling and using Strong drink and a vote was taken not to sustain any man in the Priesthood who made a business of selling Liquor or freequenting those places for drinking Strong drink. (37)

 

-- Aug 6, 1882

[Sermon] John Taylor: The Temple at Logan - The Liquor Traffic - Church Organization - Duties of Its Officers - Treatment of Transgressors - An Interesting Anecdote and Its Moral - Various Offices and Callings of the Priesthood, Etc. - The Guidance of God - Honor Due to His Priesthood - Growth and Progress of God's Work - Its Opposition By the World - The Regeneration of the Lamanites and General Salvation of Man, JD 23:215 - 224 (46)

 

-- Monday, Dec 11, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Liverpool

                 It is very cold. I was reading and writting part of the day. I received letters from Josephine dated Dec. [November?] 26th. All were well at home. I also received a letter from Prest. Jos. F. Smith in which he gave me the information that James Urie had been drunk all the way across the planes and had disgraced the whole church by his exhibitions while traveling. (56)

 

-- Dec 14, 1882

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 14   I received 3 letter from Lot Smith and C[lark/hurch?] Allen Foster. The following is an extract from Br Fosters letter:

              We had a vary interesting report from Br C L Christiansen about the spirit that is working among the Lamanites of Late. ...It is plain to be seen that there is a good spirit at work with the Lamanites for when they Come around they show it and it is growing in them. They say that they know that there is a Better spirit with the Mormons than with the Americans. They say they do not hear the Mormons sware and get Drunk and fight and abuse them as the Americans do. There is a good Many more of them visiting us than usual. (37)

 

-- Tuesday, Dec 26, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Jane Pond told me this morning that Mary J. Nowlan told her that she found Bro. Carrington laying on the lounge and Sarah Kirkman lying on top of him. On board of one of Guions steamers in the cabin and in the presence of G. Ramsden and Moroni Brown and others Sarah Kirkman put her arms around Bro. Carringtons neck and laid her head upon his bosom.

                 He took this same woman to London paying her way, and they were gone 9 days. She stoped in the prayer room evenings and they drank beer and had good times together. She bit his nose untill it was red for several days. They played on the floor like children and he kissed and cudled her. He gave her his bed and slept upon the lounge when their were plenty of beds in the house, and when he was wanted he could not be found although he was in the House. These last statements were given me by R. R. A. and must be taken with a grain of allowance.... (56)

 

-- Sunday, Dec 31, 1882

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] ...Bro. David Burnett spoke 30 minutes on various subjects and I spoke upon the history of Joseph Smith for one hour and ten minutes. Bro. McKay spoke a few minutes. I closed by blessing the saints.

                 Drunkenness and sexual sins are the prevalent crimes of Scoff and.

                 The Lord was with [us] by his spirit today and the Elders were filled with testimony.

                 The Saints say it was the best conference ever held in Glasgow.... (56)

 

-- During 1882

(Frank J. Cannon) Spared excommunication for fathering an illegitimate child only through a reluctant public confession. For years afterward, Cannon continued his drunken sprees at Kate Flint's brothel in Salt Lake City. (14)

 

-- Monday, Mar 5, 1883

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Merthyr Tydfil, South Wales

                 The Elders met together and we spoke to each other. I gave some instructions on our duties in the Priesthood and warned the brethren against evils of various kinds. We had a good time together. Bros. Alder and Green returned to Bristol.

                 In the evening we walked to Cefn and held meeting in the Temperance Hall. It was well filled with people, and the audience were quiet. Bro. R.ich and myself spoke and we enjoyed good liberty. After meeting we returned to Merthyr. (56)

 

-- Mar 7, 1883

[Sermon] Moses Thatcher: Synopsis of a Temperance Lecture, Prohibition Advocated - Effects of Drunkenness Illustrated, Statistics, Etc., JD 24:16 - 20 (46)

 

-- Apr 7, 1883

[Sermon] Moses Thatcher: A Comparison - Wrath of Man Made to Praise God - Fall of Senator Edmunds - Fate of Those Who Oppose God's Work - Persecution for Religion Unavailing - Case of the Huguenots - Intemperance - Startling Statistics - Drink, the Cause of Other Evils - Appeal to the Saints, JD 24:110 - 116 (46)

 

-- Monday, May 7, 1883

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Liverpool

                 Bro. G. C. Lambert and I visited the Police court and saw the judge pass sentence on a number of poor drunken vagabonds of both men and women in about equal numbers. One of the women had been before the court, this was the 44th time. (56)

 

-- May 19, 1883

[Sermon] John Taylor: Duties of the Latter - Day Saints - How Children Should Be Trained - An Academy for Sanpete - The Kind of Teachers to Select - Education Advocated - Intemperance Condemned - Sin to Be Exposed - Unworthy Men not to Be Sustained in Office - Example of a Darkened Mind - Providence Over the Saints, JD 24:166 - 172 (46)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 12, 1883

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Copenhagen, Denmark

                 Warm and pleasant. I had to take of[f] my shirts and drawers. I received a letter from P. F. Goss giving me routes through Germany.

                 Bro. Fieldsted gave me a nice pair of shoes. This evening we visited Tivoli gardens where we had a splendid time. We saw three women one man and a boy ride a Bycicle. We got a nice idea of Danish life and manners. In this country they make all drunkards and vagrants work on the streets and earn their own living. When a man gets in that gang he cannot get out without some wealthy man vouching for him. I had my Photo taken today. (56)

 

-- Friday, Jul 13, 1883

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Copenhagen, Denmark

                 We went to the Races some ten miles away from the City. The king and Queen and the crown Prince were present, the track was nice and thousands of people were present. They drank beer, smoked and enjoyed themselves but were not drunk nor given to rowdyism. I enjoyed myself very much and returned to the City well pleased. (56)

 

-- Monday, Aug 6, 1883

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Stuttgart to Schauffhausen, Switzerland

                 We left at 7 a.m. and traveled through a most lovely country, being fine Wooded hills and valleys covered with Rich crops of grain. We reached Schauffhausen in Switzerland about 9:30 p.m. and put up with a Bro. Hagg.

                 We held meeting with the Saints in the evening. 15 persons present. I drank a glass of wine tonight for the purpose of finding what the people use. (56)

 

-- Sep 23, 1883

[Sermon] Charles W. Penrose: Elders Always Ready for Duty - No Salaried Preachers in the Church - No Compulsion in the Work of the Elders - The Liberty of Law - Sin Brings Its Penalties, Righteousness a Sure Reward - Assumption of Divine Authority - Restoration of the Ancient Priesthood - Religion in Politics - The Secret Ballot - The One - Man - Power - The Liquor Traffic - Civil and Religious Freedom for All - The Effects of this Work on the World, JD 24:302 - 313 (46)

 

-- Sep 28, 1883

John Taylor re-establishes School of the Prophets in obedience to revelation exactly five months earlier. "A number" of First Presidency and apostles "confessed to breaking the Word of Wisdom" and vote to obey it. However, this vote does not apply to wine which members of School of Prophets drink by glassful a their meeting on Oct. 12. (7)

 

-- Sep 29, 1883

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...A O Smoot Harvey Cluff, Isaac Bullock And David Holdaway set apart 25 Home Missionaries. G Q Cannon spoke 30 M, W. Woodruff 20. He said there would be a Dividing Line in this Church and that line would be Between those who Could Preach the whole Law of God including the word of wisdom and practice what they Preach & those who Could not. (37)

 

-- Oct 6, 1883

[J.D.T. McAllister Diary] W. Woodruff declares oneness of the Twelve

               at conference President Wilford Woodruff addressed us The Priesthood called to build up the Kingdom of God. The Church never in its history as prosperous. Prest. Taylor had wisdom and revela-his counselors the same. Twelve apostles united never better. word of wisdom and law of Gov. no man a right to preach any principle he does not practice. (58)

 

-- October 12, 1883

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] At 9 A.M. met as per appointment in the Endowment House with the First Presidency, Twelve, Counselor Wells, Prests of Stakes & 4 others-we had met together fasting and for the purpose of organziing [sic] the School of the Prophets--Last evening or this morning all had taken a bath & put on clean cloth garments--excepting Bros Wells and Smoot, they knew nothing of this requirement. Prest Taylor requested them to bathe and change their garments. [On the following pages, Grant gives an account of John Taylor washing the feet of the 38 men assembled there, starting with Zebedee Coltrin, after which ordinance they all drink glasses of wine and eat bread.] (59)

 

-- Oct 12, 1883

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] Oct 12, 1883 This was a day of fasting and Prayer with   the leaders of the Church. I took a Bath and wash in the Morning and went to the Endowment House at 9 oclok to receive the washing of feet as it was done in Kirtland 47 years ago By the Prophet Joseph Smith as an Initiatory ordinance into the school of the Prophets. Remarks were made By the Presidency & others. President John Taylor washed the feet of Zebedee Coltrin as He was the ownly man living that was in the first school of the Prophets organized by Joseph Smith in Kirtland /in 1833/. Then Zebedee Coultrin washed the feet of Presidet Taylor. Then Presidet Taylor washed the feet of his two Councillors & all the Twelve Apostles except C. C. Rich who was sick & John Henry Smith in England. He washed the feet of 38 in all. At the Close of this Ceremony we partook of Bread & wine as a sacrament as they did in the Temple in Kirtland which Closed the labor of the day.

              - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = (37)

 

-- Dec 24, 1883

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24  I went to the Temple in the morning. We had a day of Prayer and fasting. I met with 28 Men Holding the Melchesedek Priesthood and I organized them into the school of the Prophets, all of which had Entered into the school of the Patriarchal order of Marriage and all agreed to keep the word of wisdom. <I washed the feet of 24 men.> We broak bread and partook of the sacramet of Bread and wine. <The washing of feet was an introductory ordinance into the school of the prophets. I also gave the salutation to the brethren as they entered the school.> We had a vary interesting day. The spirit of the Lord rested upon us. (37)

 

-- Feb 24, 1884

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 24 Sunday I Attended Meeting in the Assembly Hall. F M Lyman spoke 55 M. E Snow spoke 45 M. I attended a lecture in the Theatore in the Evening on Temperance By a woman which was a [Relief party?] afair. (37)

 

-- Mar 17, 1884

Future apostle James E. Talmage, at Johns Hopkins University, writes in his journal: "Mar 17. I have been engaged some time in the study of the effects of Narcotics upon the system, i.e. studying the same theoretically only. Today I found a gentleman who works in the same Laboratory as I, and who has for 2 years been addicted to the habit of eating Haschich or extract of Cannabis Indica. He was very willing to give me any data from his own experience; and gave me such." Five days later he includes himself as a subject by taking "Cannabis Indica" himself. (7)

 

-- Mar 22, 1884

James E Talmage begins using hashish at Johns Hopkins University as "my physiological experiment" of its effects. He takes three doses of five grains each every hour "solid extract Cannabis Indica". By Apr 6 he is using twenty grains, "and the effect was felt in a not very agreeable way." Nevertheless, he intends to "vary the trial in the future." This is last reference in Talmadge's diary to using narcotics. Four months later he becomes member of stake high council. (7)

 

[Word of Wisdom] "This being Saturday, was the day I selected to study practically the effects of Hashish. This evening, after work and all was over, I took at 3 doses each hour after the preceding, 5 grains solid extract Cannabis Indica. At this writing â midnight â 5 hours since last does, I have experienced no effect whatever. The effect is said to be widely different in different people." (The Essential JamesE. Talmage, James P. Harris editor, Classics in Mormon Thought Series No. 5, Signature Books, Inc., 1997 pp. 11‐12.) (60)

 

-- Mar 23, 1884

The day after he took 3 "doses" 5 grains each of Hashish (Cannibas Indica) James E. Talmage writes in his journal: "Sunday. Spent quietly. Have had no result to be noted of my physiological experiment yesterday. I do not feel inclined to try again till the end of next week-as the realization of the effects of the drug are not desirable on working days." (7)

 

-- Apr 5, 1884

[Word of Wisdom] "This evening â first opportunity which has presented itself â I attempted my experiment on the effects of Hashish as referred to March 22(page 26). Took all 15 grains. No effects." (The Essential JamesE. Talmage, James P. Harris editor, Classics in Mormon Thought Series No. 5, Signature Books, Inc., 1997 pp. 11‐12.) (60)

 

-- Apr 6, 1884

James E. Talmage writes in his journal of his experiments with hashish: "Continued my experiment by taking 20 grains Cannabis Indica and the effect was felt in a not very agreeable way." Talmage lectures to the Brigham Young Academy faculty in Sep on "The Effects of the Narcotic Hashish on the Human System," but the Faculty Minute Book do not record whether he mentioned the source of his information. (7)

 

[Word of Wisdom] "Sunday . . . Continued my experiment by taking 20 grains Cannabis Indica and the effect was felt in a not very agreeable way. My fellow experimenters & I concluded I should take no larger does â but perhaps vary the trail in the future. . . . " (The Essential JamesE. Talmage, James P. Harris editor, Classics in Mormon Thought Series No. 5, Signature Books, Inc., 1997 pp. 11‐12.) (60)

 

-- Friday, Apr 25, 1884

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] I received several business letters from home and among them one from F.M. Lyman. He says my brother C. W. Smith is keeping bad company and drinking quite hard. (56)

 

-- Jun 8, 1884

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 8 I was Some better this Morning. We Met at the Meeting House at 10 oclok. Prayer By Robert L Bibee. H J Grant spoke 50 M, W M Parker 7 M. Br Grant spoke upon the Patriarchal Marriage, word of wisdom.  I received 3 letters from Presidt Taylor, L. J. Nuttall and Leslie Snow. Afternoon. Prayer By H J Grant. Sacrament administered. We had a hard rain Storm. W. Woodruff spoke One hour & 17 Minuts. T E Ricks spoke 8 M, and gave good Council. We met in the Evening. Br Bibee spoke 5 M, T. E. Ricks 15 M, W Woodruff 24 m. (37)

 

-- Jun 10, 1884

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...At about Sun down 3 Men Rode into Rexburg with 15 Horses and wanted to Stop over night. They were rough looking Men. Said they were looking over the Country. Br Ricks pointed out the House for them to go into But they got the wrong house. They went into the House of one of his Sons with his wife Children & a sick man and got their supper. They had not been there long untill A sherriff and possee of 7 men arived in town after these men as Horse thieves. Br Ricks told them whare the thieves were. They wanted to go into the House immediately and arest them. Br Ricks told them No (as they were in liquor) said they would get killed some of them, and a woman and children were there. Told them to wait till morning which they did & garded the House untill morning. (37)

 

-- Jul 16, 1884

Death by self-inflicted morphine overdose of Lavina Triplett Careless, famous Utah singer and wife of Professor George Careless, director of Mormon Tabernacle Choir. (7)

 

-- Mon. Dec. 22nd 1884

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] Abram & Geo. Q. go to Ogden to stop & visit Frank (Geo. Q., Abram, John Q. & Frank have all joined into one stock company, 'Cannon & Sons'). "Frank was not in the store when we entered but came in soon afterwards, and, judging from his strange actions and the smell of his breath, he had been drinking . . . my confidence in Frank received a severe shock this evening." (57)

 

-- Wednesday, Dec 24, 1884

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Bern, Switzerland

                 Bro. F. Schoenfeld had provided a good dinner for all of us at the Emmenthaler Hof and all hands enjoyed it. We held a meeting in the evening. Bros. J. A. Smith, F. Schoenfeld and I did the speaking. I told Bro. Schoenfeld that he and the Elders must obey the Word of Wisdom. (56)

 

-- Feb. 26th 1885

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] A. Cannon received a phone message from Mattie Cannon (wife of Frank in Ogden) saying she didn't know where Frank was and asked Abram & John Q. to help. They found out "that he was seen with a rather loose crowd last night." Later, after the theatre, "I saw Frank in the parquette, and as he went out I followed and spoke to him. He was nearly drunk and was loth to speak to me. He promised to return home in the morning. (57)

 

-- Feb. 27th 1885

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] saw Frank on the train. "Frank smelt strongly of liquor. His appearance would indicate that he had been up all night carousing.," (57)

 

-- Mar 6, 1885

[J.D.T. McAllister Diary] Man disfellowshipped for drinking

               P.M. Jeremiah Leavitt called on us went to the Bishops had a talk concerning his being disfellowshipped. a meeting was called at 5 O. Clock. He Jeremiah made a statement. very good remarks in regard to his drunkeness and asked to be forgiven. on motitun the vote was unamous to forgive him. his baptism for the renewal of Covenants was set for tomorrow. (58)

 

-- Apr 16, 1885 (Thursday)

Judge Zane rendered a decision declaring the Territorial liquor law valid and sustaining the action of the county court against certain liquor dealers. (22)

 

-- May 7, 1885

[J.D.T. McAllister Diary] Drunken Man forgiven after repentance

               Leicester Hendricks was before us for drunkeness. he promised not to take intoxicants any more. asked to be forgiven and was forgiven by a unamious Vote. (58)

 

-- Thurs. May 21st, 1885

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] In Ogden, "I went to see Frank who has been on another drunk since Monday." (57)

 

-- Oct 9, 1885

[J.D.T. McAllister Diary] Erotic revelations of Herman Fascher

               Conference. Apostle Erastus Snow addressed us, subject faith. signs of the Times, referred to the Epistle and the hearty response it met with. he occupied one hour and ten minutes  I was called upon and spoke 30 minutes of the Elders in times of plague and sickness word of wisdom, and of the distress in past of the St. George Stake. from the Rio Virgin floods. and referred to the pretended and exotic Revelations of Herman Fascher. (58)

 

-- Nov. 6, 1885

President Joseph E. Taylor read a letter which he had received from Pres[ident] M[arriner] W. Merrill, who presides in the Logan Temple, naming as qualifications to be possessed by those who desire the blessings of God's House. That they should be tithe payers, attenders of Fast meetings, and donators to temples; observers of the Sabbath day, firm believers in plural marriage, etc. The bishops were instructed to question, very closely, all applicants who desired to go to the "House of God." The following being among the questions: Do you attend all the public meetings of the Saints: Do you observe the Word of Wisdom according to the meaning and spirit thereof; pay tithing, donate to the poor, etc.? [The bishops were] not to recommend any young m[a]n for ordination to the Priesthood who does not observe the word of Wisdom. Have you committed any grievous offences by breaking the laws of God? Have you lived the life of a Saint and preserved your chastity? Have you had any criminal intercourse with the opposite sex? The Bishops were instructed not to recommend any person to any Temple unless they answered all questions in a satisfactory manner. If applicants perjured themselves then they were amenable to God for their acts. The subject of the celestial law of marriage was dwelt upon. It was shown that the faithful must live it, otherwise they could not attain to a fulness of glory. The Lord has said that "it is not meet that men who have not observed this law should preside over His Priesthood." [Minutes, Special Bishops' Meeting,  Nov. 6, 1885] (40)

 

-- Dec 14, 1885

[J.D.T. McAllister Diary] Question concerning drinking

               10 A.M. at High Council. M. Stack Jr  D.P. Lamb and their wives cases before us. Also MCA McFadens and Benjamin Gray and the wine question. setting and drinking it. was there over 21 hours. (58)

 

-- March, 1886

Epistle to Saints in General Conference-- Dear Brethren and Sisters: .... They should observe the Word of Wisdom in the spirit and meaning thereof, for it is most inconsistent to carry the smell of whiskey and tobacco into the sacred precincts of the Lord's House. Or in a word, they should observe to do and to keep all God's holy laws and commandments, that when they enter His House they can enjoy that spirit which gives zest, power and efficacy to their administrations. ... (45)

 

-- During Mar. 3rd 1886

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] Since getting out of the pen, Frank "has been on a disgraceful drunk." (57)

 

-- May 28th, 1886

[Abraham H. Cannon Journal] complaints of bad coffee, sour bread, and tough radishes, and lettuce covered with worms. (57)

 

-- Jul 17, 1886

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] .. We highted up & Started for Grand Park. On the way Clara was taken Deadly sick. We had to travel over vary rough ground vary rocky roads and one Mile of vary rough C[......] R[..] road Built By governmet. It was vary severe On Clara. We had to stop & make a fire heat water & soak her feet and gave her hot Composition tea.... (37)

 

-- Sept. 22, 1886

 McAllister said, ... the word is now given, that those who come into this Temple must keep the Word of Wisdom. Wines, liquors &c are good in sickness and should be kept in the house for medicine but not [as] beverages; they are forbidden. [Temple Minute Book, St. George,  Sept. 22, 1886] (40)

 

-- Thursday, Nov 18, 1886

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Lewisville and Eagle Rock, Idaho

                 Bro. J. Stevens took Bro. R. L. Bybee and myself to Lewisville where at 10 a.m. we held meeting, both of us speaking. We took dinner with Bp. K. Jardine and he took us to Eagle Rock in his wagon. I put up with J. B. Thatcher Jr. Meeting was held at 7 p.m., a full congregation present. I spoke for an hour on the Word of Wisdom [health code]... (56)

 

-- Nov. 30, 1886

[Temple] You state in your letter of the 24th that you understand from the teaching of the brethren of the apostles, that such as do not fully keep the Word of Wisdom, should not be recommended for ordinances to the temple; and you ask whether such persons shall be excluded from the House of the Lord. The Word of Wisdom as originally given was sent not by commandment or constraint; but "by revelation on the the [sic] Word of Wisdom, for the temporal salvation of all Saints in these days," and no rule has been formulated, nor law proclaimed, nor counsel given since that time which makes its strict observance, necessary to receive ordinances of life and salvation in the temples. There are many cases where people may violate the strict letter of the Word of Wisdom, and yet be following its spirit in doing so. To say that aged people who have been accustomed to the use of tea and coffee in early life, and who feel that in their old age they need beverages of this character, shall not receive the blessings of the House of the Lord, is going beyond that which we think proper. The same may be said about other points; and yet * we are opposed to the common use of these articles by Latter-day Saints. A man or a woman who disregards the Word of Wisdom and still profess to be a Latter-day Saint ought to be ashamed of their conduct. A judicious bishop will not give a recommend to such a person without first taking up a labor with him or her against the indulgence in the habits mentioned in the Word of Wisdom. No person who flagrantly violates that word should ask for a recommend[.] [John Taylor to John D. T. McAllister and David H. Cannon,  Nov. 30, 1886] (40)

 

-- Friday, Mar 4, 1887

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Los Angeles

                 We got here at 8 a.m. and put up at the Pico House. We hired a Carriage and drove to Pasadena, which is a lovely spot made up of orange groves, vineyards and ornamental trees with nice residences. We also went to San Gabriel, visited the Wine Cellars of Major Rose and all took a drink but me. (56)

 

-- April 8, 1887

Epistle to Saints in General Conference-- Historian's Library, Salt Lake City and in the compiler's personal library, Provo, Utah; also Deseret Evening News April 8, 1887. ... THE WELFARE OF THE YOUNG

              There is a tendency, almost amounting to an epidemic in some places, among the young people to indulge in cigarette smoking. The habit is filthy, unhealthy, and pernicious generally. God has spoken so plainly on this subject that there is no room to question the impropriety of this practice. The Teachers should make it their especial business, in all kindness and in a mild, instructive spirit, to reason and remonstrate with young people upon this habit. Every effort should be made to check its growth amongst us. The habit also, which some young people fall into, of using vulgarity and profanity, is one which should receive the attention of Teachers. This practice is not only offensive to all well-bred persons, but it is a gross sin in the sight of God, and should not exist among the children of the Latter-day Saints. ... (45)

 

-- Jun 30, 1887

Unsuccessful convention seeking statehood, even though proposed state constitution has provision outlawing polygamy: "bigamy and polygamy being considered incompatible with a republican form of government, each of them is hereby forbidden and declared a misdemeanor." L. John Nuttall, Secretary to the President John Taylor, writes in his journal: "Pres. Taylor is much weaker this morning; he refused to take his usual bath. He does not partake of any nourishment, excepting a little wine and a glass of beer occasionally." (7)

 

-- Jul 2, 1887

First Presidency Secretary L. John Nuttall writes of President John Taylor: "The President is much the same as he has been the past two or three days. He takes no food, he is entirely sustained by stimulants [wine and beer]." Taylor dies three weeks later on Jul 25. (7)

 

-- Jul 5, 1887

L. John Nuttall, President John Taylor's secretary, records: " Pres. Taylor arose early this morning, and dressed and sat with his clothes on most of the day. He said he was some better and felt quite hopeful. He, however, don't eat anything Sister Pricilla Jennings sent a letter accompanied by two bottles of homemade wine to the President. He tasted the wine and seemed to enjoy it." (7)

 

-- Jul 23, 1887

L. John Nuttall writes of President John Taylors condition: "Prest. Taylor had a very bad night. Appeared to have some pain. His tongue is swelled & he has some canker in his mouth. . . . He is declining, merely sips a little brandy & water at intervals." Taylor's two counselors, George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith send a telegram to leaders in Provo: "The precarious condition of President Taylor's health, suggests to us that elaborate festivities and rejoicings are not what the Saints should indulge in on the approaching 24th as they would be inappropriate under the circumstances." (7)

 

-- Aug 11, 1887

[Apostle Wilford Woodruff Journal] 11   I signed 15 Recommends & wrote 2 Letters to Jak[se?] Emma Brockbank. I receivd Letters from Daniel Harrington Roskelley. (I signed 15 Recommends.) Letter from Hannah Thatcher 2.        Fred Hop was Executed in the Penetentiary yard to day at 12.35. The whole procedings published in the Deseret News of Aug 11.

              I met with the Twelve to day. We made appropriation for Manti Temple of $5,000, $300 for J P Christofferson $150 for Th[ale?]s Haskel & $50 a Month for Margarett J Young.

              I wrote Letters to Sarah & H Grow P. J. Christoffer & Hannah & Merrill Total 8. (37)

 

-- October 26, 1887

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] [Council meeting] The matter of John T. Caine going to Washington with the State Constitution was discussed at length but no decision was reached, John W. Young did not want the Constitution presented to the President of the United States until he has been seen and we had learned in what manner he (the President) desires to come to him, whether public or private, I took no stock in John's ideas and thought John T. should start at once for Washington I think John W. wishes to present the Constitution himself, John W. Young spoke of the coming state elections in November and thought we should take an interest in helping the Democratic Party in New York and that we should aid them in paying the expenses of the same, thought a few thousand spent just after election would help us, Geo[rge] Q. Cannon did not favor our using money or mixing up in local politics He said our expenses were over 50,000 a month and it looked to him as though we were bound to get in debt. W Woodruff did not favor our spending any money on the N York elections. George Q. Cannon felt that his Position as one of the Committee on state move was the most responsible one of his life and he feared a failure because we were divided among ourselves. And if such was the case and because of it we failed a terrible responsibility would rest upon us. He felt that John W. should go back east again and labor for statehood but that in case he did go that his duties should be fully defined also that before anything was done that the duties of the committee would be clearly understood, He desired everything defined so there would be no misunderstanding. No one man could take the Kingdom and run away with it and he felt that John W. should not think that he has it all to do in this matter. If he goes east he goes not to dictate but to labor under the direction of this quorum. The duties of this state committee are the most important of my life and God knows I didn?t desire to occupy my present position If we obtain Statehood God will have the credit, Wilford Woodruff Neither John W. Young nor any living man will have the credit. Don't favor throwing money to the right nor the left of course money would have to be sued. Said when John W. goes east and finds a power at work that he knows nothing about he must not be surprised. Feel to give John W. the right hand of fellowship to go east and continue his labors. Had confidence in the quorum of the Apostles and did not wish to keep anything from them. Related the success in keeping Grand Army meeting at St Louis from passing resolution against us. Geo[rge] Q. Cannon referred to John W.?s telegraphing some months back for $10,000 and that when he was asked by wire what for he answered back for as to send some one East in who we had confidence. He felt whoever was acting should not draw money without consultation and first telling what it was wanted for. Daniel H. Wells I feel to say to John W. God bless you and go ahead with your labors. We have appointed a committee and are responsible for their acts. John W. Young when I meet with my brethren and listen to their remarks I feel like a little whipped dog. Nothing discourages me in the world, I can meet their opposition and go on laboring. I think the best way is for you to release me from this labor. The responsibility is very grave. Have not the heart to go on with it. John W. Taylor made a motion that all money spent in this move be under the direction of the committee after some talk the motion was put and carried, Lorenzo Snow could not see why there should be any objection in the mind of brother John W. To going back east and laboring Could not see from remarks made yesterday and today why he could have any objection to returning. None in this quorum feels to find any fault with you and you have heard expressions of confidence. It was with difficulty that I kept from saying that I had confidence whatever in John W. Young and that I felt we would have better chances for success if he did not go east but I am getting tired of being looked upon as a fault finder and one lacking in charity and always looking for the bad and not the good qualities of my brethren. I have no confidence in John W. Young and feel in my heart that a great responsibility rests upon our quorum for sustaining him as he is continually bringing discredit upon us and our cause by not being strictly honest in his financial dealings with men of the world that he has made his and our people's friends by his pleasing address and winning ways. When we stop sustaining men that are not above question in all their dealings then God will bless us more abundantly than wow if I am not mistaken. John W. Young said he had tried to do just as this quorum wished. He felt the fullest understanding should be arrived at. Referred to strangers coming in our city and being stuffed with stories about us and that no one thing was being done by us to prevent it, thought a committee should be called to sustain them, George Q. Cannon said for years he had deplored the condition of the hack drivers in our city. He felt we had allowed the enemies of the people to come in and cut dirt from under feet, but hardly felt that we could do anything in the short time now before us until after a decision was obtained regarding statehood, I then referred to business of Grant Bros. Co. and to the facts that had been found with me for running a business that required men to work on Sunday and for keeping open the business on that day. Said the business was not paying and would no doubt ... A motion was put and carried that the brethren approve of my continuing the business, provided of course that it could be made to pay. George Q. Cannon expressed his sorrow that we did not have house of entertainment and he felt that a company should be formed to build such a house. (59)

 

-- Thursday, Feb 16, 1888

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 I met with Bros. Woodruff, Richards, Cannon, Wells, Grant and some of the members of the Council of the Legislature in regard to making concessions to the governor and decided more should be made.

                 W. H. Dusenberry and John W. Turner of Provo met with Bros. Woodruff, Richards, Cannon, Wells, and myself and we talked over the licensing of the Whiskey business in Provo. No conclusion arrived at. (56)

 

-- Apr 6, 1888

[Apostle Brigham Young Jr. Diary] [[Conference is well attended, L. Snow has charge. Question of Trustees selling Brigham Young College, farmlands in Cache Valley presented, "Pres[iden]t Woodruff & council gave their consent."]] Pres[iden]t W. W. Epistle read and approved. At 5 p.m. Council partook of the Sacrament in the west office using pure Dixie wine. Previous to partaking Bro[ther] Geo[rge] G. C. humbly asked the forgiveness of his brethren which example was followed by all the members of the Council including D. H. W. & Bishops W. B. P. Jno R. W. & Geo[rge] Reynolds. We were humble as little cr tears. Surely god will not forsake us for we have forgiven each other. (61)

 

-- April 7, 1888

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] Our Quorum ... met in the Presidents office and partook of Bread and Wine together in remembrance of our Lord Jesus Christ, Each and all of the brethren spoke. Asking for forgiveness and granting it to each other was the main thing in each of the brethrens remarks. [Thatcher and GQC present.] (59)

 

-- Tuesday, Feb 26, 1889

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 H.J. Grant and I went out to the Pen and had a long visit with Br. F. M. Lyman. We bot l0 bushels of Apples and sent to the prisoners.

                 Tonight Hyrum Groesbeck and I took up a labor with Sam Groesbeck about selling Whiskey and he said he would quit it. (56)

 

-- Apr 20, 1889

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] ...When we reached Clover Dale it was with difficulty I got to the house. I was suffering from a deadly faintness. Brother Cannon laid his hands upon my head and administered [an/in?] prayer. I received much benifit therefrom, as well as a cup of tea which I drank.... (37)

 

-- May 31, 1889

Abraham H. Cannon writes: "A sad affair is reported as having occurred in Provo a few days since. Joseph Smoot, a son of Pres. A. O. Smoot, who is wild and addicted to the use of liquor, went into a salon and after getting a glass of whiskey mockingly consecrated it, as is customary in the consecration of oil in the Church. No sooner had he finished this sacreligious act than he was struck with paralysis and fell helpless on the floor. His Gentile companions were horrified at his act, and its result, and carried him home where he has since laid in a very precarious condition. A horrible warning to scoffers!" (7)

 

-- Jun 12, 1889

John M. Whitaker writes: "... We went at once to Brother Maeser's home where I was introduced to his charming daughter, and after supper, he took us to Dr. Hamberg's home, the man from whom Brigham had stolen, and here he told us how it all happened: That when Brigham came from the canyon, to his home where he boarded, Brigham secured a key to the cellar, took wine and treated his two young friends, until they were all drunk, and then he entered Mr. Smart's little store, took $20.00, some cigars, perfume and other things; that later he was arrested by the sheriff, and tried to put the blame on others, but was placed under bonds for trial." (7)

 

-- Monday, Jul 1, 1889

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Beaver, Greenville and Adamsville

                 We held meetings at Greenville and Adamsville and had a pleasant time. All of the ward authorities were presented to the people and sustained. Bp. Morris confessed he had been intoxicated and was forgiven. (56)

 

-- During November 1889

[John Nuttle Diary] ...I spent a bad night last night and am quite sick this Morning. I spent a bad night last night and am quite sick this morning. I had sister Sudbury make me a cup of tea and I felt better. I have arranged to heve Joseph sleep with me. I received a letter from Bro. John W. Taylor in reply to mine of Oct 29th I walked out this evening for an hour. (54)

 

-- During 1889

Elder B. H. Roberts, in an article printed in The Contributor Vol. 10:265 (1889) made some very interesting remarks concerning Adam coming from another planet. We are informed that the Lord God made every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb before it grew on our planet. As vegetation was created or made to grow upon some older earth, and made to grow, so likewise man and his helpmate were brought from some other world to our own, to people it with their children. *** . . . instead of being molded as a brick we are brought forth by the natural laws of procreation: so also was Adam and his wife in some other world. (52)

 

(Francis M. Lyman) Lyman's two years on the underground in Mexico and Canada produced wild rumors about the apostle. When he heard them, Wilford Woodruff thundered, "I might believe the report of a general earthquake, but the report that Francis M. Lyman is guilty of drunkenness and adultery, never, no never! That is something that can never be truthfully reported in heaven, on earth, or in hell." (14)

 

-- Mar 17, 1890 (Monday)

Nicholas Muhlestein was arrested by drunken U.S. marshals at Provo, for u.c. [Unlawful Cohabitation, I.E. living with a polygamous wife] (22)

 

-- Saturday, Apr 5, 1890

[Apostle Abraham H. Cannon Journal] ... John H. Smith spoke 20 min. and strongly advised the people against neglecting the commands of God in relation to the Word of Wisdom. He felt that as soon as we were in a position to refrain from the use of tobacco alone we would be more free than we ever yet have been. Francis M. Lyman followed in a similar strain, and counseled the abstaining from meat in large quantities, and also advised all to frequently visit the meetings and partake of the sacrament, and be sure to have the proper spirit when we thus ate and drank.... (57)

 

-- Wednesday, Apr 9, 1890

[Apostle Abraham H. Cannon Journal] .... We then dressed in our usual clothing and prepared to eat the Lord's Supper in the same manner in which the Prophet Joseph said it was eaten by the Savior and His disciples at Jerusalem, and as Joseph and the brethren did occasionally at Nauvoo; we had several loaves of bread and bottles of wine. The former was broken and we ate and drank till we were fully satisfied. I took a very small quantity of wine... (57)

 

-- Apr 9, 1890

[Apostle Franklin D. Richards Diary] Clearing of the atmosphere -- misunderstandings were adjusted. We met fasting -- when difficulties were settled, we clothed and prayed in the Holy Order. (We then broke bread and poured out Dixie wine and celebrated the death and suffering of our Lord.) We continued with about an hour's interruption in pouring out our souls to each other till nearly midnight. (62)

 

-- May 30, 1890

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Met with Quorum at 10 a. m. fasting. Prayer by Apostle Lund. Meeting continued until 2 p. m., when we engaged in Prayer Circle, afterward partaking of bread and wine and continued meeting until 4 p m., when meeting adjourned until Tuesday, August 5, at 2 p. m. to meet in the Historian's Office. I left Salt Lake for Logan at 5 p. m. and arrived there at 9:40 p. m. (63)

 

-- Sunday, Jun 15, 1890

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Orderville

                 I am badly under the weather. I went [to] meeting and talked about 20 minutes.

                 Several of the brethren came in and gave me an alcohol sweat. (56)

 

-- Wednesday, Aug 6, 1890

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 L. Snow, F. D. Richards, Brigham Young, Moses Thatcher, F. M. Lyman, John Henry Smith, H.J. Grant, J. W. Taylor, A. H. Lund, Abraham H. Cannon and D. H. Wells met together for fasting. We spoke, broak bread and drank wine and blest each other.... (56)

 

-- Sep 13, 1890

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13 I saw a Beautiful Chinees quilt bought for Mrs Trumbo. Cost $160. We spent the day in the City. We partook of a Supper by invitation of Col Trumbo got up by him at the /Mason/ [T?]ortoni. We sat 3 Hours at the Table & had near a Doz dishes served. For the first time in my life I tasted of some Chateau Zequem wine. It Costs $14 a Bottle for it. It takes 14 years to make it. Its manufacture is vary remarkable and its taste is vary peculiar. At the Close of the supper we went to Col Trumbo Room and had a view of his sterecopic views. (37)

 

-- November 28, 1890

Education and Morality of "Mormon" and "Gentiles" in Utah-- The Utah Commission in its majority report for August 22, 1890 had made certain charges that the Mormons were responsible for a crime wave in Utah. The Utah Commission report for 1891 was even more critical of the Mormons on these grounds or charges. This letter to A. Milton Musser, prominent Mormon leader called for the gathering of statistics to refute the charges of the Utah Commission.

              President's Office, SALT LAKE CITY, U. T., November 28, 1890. ELDER A. M. MUSSER:

              DEAR BRETHREN: We desire to obtain answers to the following questions, and have them as correct as it is possible, because we do not wish to leave the least ground for dispute concerning them, if it be possible to avoid it.

              First.-The actual condition of the morals of the Mormons as compared with the Gentiles in the Territory.

              Second.-The proportion of all crimes, outside of polygamy, committed by Gentiles and Mormon.

              Third.-Do the Mormons maintain gambling houses and saloons, and what proportion, either now or heretofore?

              Fourth.-The number of arrests and convictions for murder, rape, arson, grand larceny, petit larceny, assault and battery, and drunkenness, and who the guilty parties were whether Mormon or Gentile. ... (45)

 

-- Dec 3, 1890

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Wednesday. I went to our Quorum meeting at 10 a. m. fasting. Met in the Prayer Circle. Abram H. Cannon was prayer and I was mouth in the Circle. After prayer was over, meeting was continued until 12 noon, when bread was broken and we all partook of bread and wine, Apostle F. M. Lyman blessing the bread and wine. Our meeting continued. ... (63)

 

-- May 18, 1891

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] .... Took dinner with President Paxman, and in the afternoon he drove me over the city of Nephi and up the canyon to the gypsum, or plaster of parts, works, and to the roller flour mills and down to Sister Grover's (Wells) place, where Brother Paxman left me and I visited with her some two hours. Found her very poor and without flour or other necessaries. I came up to Co-op store and sent her 50 pounds of flour, $1.15, package-coffee, 35c, package tea, 25c, one pound butter, 25c, and sugar, $1.00, total $3.00. I then came on to President Paxman's at 7 p. m. and took supper with him. Nephi City has a population of 3,500 people, several stores, bank, courthouse, etc., and seems a prosperous place. It is raining again tonight. (63)

 

-- Jun 7, 1891

[Apostle Abraham H. Cannon Journal] I took the 7 a.m. train for Morgan City, and met at Ogden Bros. Lorenzo Snow and F[ranklin] D. Richards who went along. We were met at the station by R[onal]d Fry who took us to his house where we rested a few moments before going to meeting at 10 a.m. The forenoon services were occupied by L. Snow in a discourse as to our future rewards and blessings through our faithfulness, and then told the brethren how willing they should be to yield a little of what they might consider were their rights in order to maintain peace. To illustrate he related how he and some young men when in Kirtland [Ohio] were once taking home their sweethearts from a party, when they met a party of young men who boisterously shouted, "Turn out of the road, or we'll serve you like we did some others back there." Bro. Snow suggested that as these young fellows were probably drunk they had better turn out, and thus they did. As the noisy young fellows passed the inquiry was made as to how they had treated those who were back on the road, when they replied, "We turned out ourselves." This is the spirit in which difficulties should be settled. ... (64)

 

-- Sep 28, 1891

Apostle John Henry Smith, in Mesa, Arizona, writes in his diary: "There is some drunken tramp here who claims he has papers for my arest." (7)

 

-- Nov 10, 1891

[U.S. Religious History] The first Woman's Christian Temperance Union meeting was held in Boston. (1)

 

-- Monday, Feb 22, 1892

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Washington, D.C.

                 I returned to Washington and found Mr. C. W. Bennett intoxicated. The people of this City celebrated Washington's birthday. I received a telegram from W. H. Rowe. See Caine's Cypher. Salisbury says in addition to Clarkson's influence get personal friends of Russell B. Harrison to get him to telegraph Governor urging appointment mentioned in my letter of ninteenth. (56)

 

-- Mar 19, 1892

[Apostle Abraham H. Cannon Journal] Started for Cedar City in an old stage coach, called a "Jerky," which was convenient but not very easy riding. Our driver, Bro. Uriah Leigh, was drunk, but succeeded in taking us through with care and in good time. (64)

 

-- Apr 12, 1892 (Tuesday)

The Salt Lake City council refused to enforce the city ordinance forbidding saloon-keepers to sell liquor on Sunday. (22)

 

-- Jul 9, 1892

A directive is issued by the St. George Stake Presidency to abandon wine in favor of water in sacrament services. (7)

 

-- Jul 13, 1892

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 13 I received a Letter to day from G Q. Cannon who gave me an Account of the Manner they had 3 times escaped Destruction while Journeying on the Rail Road.

              I met with 9 of the quorum of the Apostles & partook of the sacrament with them of Bread & wine. I met with Elders Budge & Frank Cannon. I Also met with James Sharp, T. G. B[obbury?] A Rail Road Agent or Assistant general Manager Mr Dickinson. (37)

 

-- Oct 4, 1892

[Apostle Franklin D. Richards Diary] We ate and drank the sac. of the Lord's supper with bread and Utah Wine. -- much promise errons(?) conversation about Union Politics 3r. JFS spoke lengthily in review of our political views & efforts He highly appreciated my remarks on Union & blessed me cordially. (62)

 

-- Dec 21, 1892

[Apostle Abraham H. Cannon Journal] At 2 o'clock I went with Father to attend the funeral of Wm. H. Shearman at his residence. He has been sick for some time, and died quite suddenly on Monday last. In fact there are some suspicions that he hastened his own death by taking an overdose of morphine or some other drug. He was a member of the Church when he died, and held the office of a Seventy, but his folks are all out of the Church, and they had [an] Episcopal service held over his remains; nor did they allow him to be buried in his Temple robes though he had prepared them only the week before his death. He fell from the Church at the time of the Godbeite movement, but soon repented his folly and was rebaptized. He was a very liberal man, and the day of his death I received from him a letter containing the amount of over $150 in a note of Godbe-Pitts Drug Co., payable in 60 days, to be applied on a donation to the temple in this city. (64)

 

-- Mar 23, 1893

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] We met at 10 a. m. fasting. The Presidency met with us. We hold our meetings in Historian's office. The subject of Apostle Moses Thatcher, B, H. Roberts, and C. W. Penrose was discussed at length; they all went in direct opposition to the First Presidency policy in the last fall political campaign. Those Brethren were not at the meeting, Brother Thatcher being very sick and had to go home. After a long discussion in which the First Presidency and ten of the Apostles (all that were present) were all unanimously agreed, it was decided that those Brethren should see their wrong, repent and make confessions to their Quorums and the Presidency. We all partook of bread and wine at 3:30 p. m. and adjourned at 4:30 p. m. to meet again on Monday, April 3rd. It was agreed upon that the Brethren above named should not attend the dedication of the Salt Lake Temple until they made matters right. (63)

 

-- Nov 18, 1893

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 18 I spent the day at home. Done some Choreing. I tied up my Jappan wine buries &c. (37)

 

-- Wednesday, Jan 17, 1894

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Lorenzo Snow, F. D. Richards, F. M. Lyman, H. J. Grant, A. H. Cannon and myself met at the Temple. We spent the forenoon reading the history of the Twelve.

                 All of the Presidency and Bro. M. Thatcher joined us and we broke bread together and drank wine.

                 I was chosen to go to Mexico today. (56)

 

-- Jan 17, 1894

John Henry Smith writes in his journal, "All of the Presidency and Bro. M[oses] Thatcher joined us [in the Temple] and we broke bread together and drank wine." (11)

 

-- Apr 5, 1894

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Thursday. I attended our Quorum meeting at 10 a. m. The First Presidency met with us. Partook of the sacrament, bread and wine, at 1 p. m. when the Presidency withdrew. Then the decision of Apostle B. Young, which he made some months ago in relation to myself and others, with which myself and family were not satisfied, was discussed by President Snow, B. Young, myself, F. M. Lyman, H. J. Grant, J. H. Smith, George Teasdale, and the trend of the discussion was that the said decision was right and my family was wrong in sending their protest to the First Presidency. (63)

 

-- Apr 8, 1894

Wilford Woodruff tells General Conference of a revelation he had: "When I have the vision of the night opened continually before my eyes, and can see the mighty judgments that are about to be poured out upon this world, . . . We have fourteen million people on this earth, and over them all there hangs a cloud of darkness almost entirely upon their shoulders. Can you tell me where the people are who will be shielded and protected from these great calamities and judgments which are even now at our doors? I'll tell you. The priesthood of God who honor their priesthood, and who are worthy of their blessings are the only ones who shall have this safety and protection. . . .God has held the angels of destruction for many years, lest they should reap down the wheat with the tares. But I want to tell you now, that those angels have left the portals of heaven, and they stand over this people and this nation now, and are hovering over the earth waiting to pour out the judgments. And from this very day they shall be poured out." Afterwards, as Wilford Woodruff writes in his diary, "I drank some Hot Lemonade with a little brandy in it. Went to bed and soon to sleep." (7)

 

-- Jul 16, 1894

Apostle John Henry Smith meets with Apostle Moses Thatcher and remarks that "Bro. Moses Thatcher been very poorly. He had up to ten p.m. last night not taken any Morphine for over one hundred and twenty hours." Thatcher, chronically ill, is trying to overcome morphine addiction. Apostle Marriner W. Merrill performs the ceremony in the Logan Temple which marries his daughter Hattie L. Merrill as a plural wife to John William. Barnett. The authorization for this is signed by First Presidency Counselor George Q. Cannon on behalf of Church President Wilford Woodruff. (7)

 

-- Aug 12, 1894

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Sunday. Afton, State of Wyoming. I attended Conference here yesterday at 10 and 12 o'clock. I occupied the time in the afternoon after the Bishops' reports and spoke 65 minutes on the subjects in brief of fast offerings, tithing, planting of trees and shrubbery, and dealing justly in land matters toward each other. After the afternoon meeting Apostle Lyman put the High Council, Bishops, and Counselors under a rigid examination in regard to their private habits and the keeping of the Word of Wisdom. Notes from Journal Book No. 3 (63)

 

-- Oct 4, 1894

[Thomas A. Clawson Diary] "The main theme this conference has been on the Word of Wisdom and when Prest. Woodruff got up he administered a most stinging rebuke to Patriarch John Smith for failing to observe that counsel given by the Lord in the Word of Wisdom." (65)

 

-- October 7, 1894

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] At 10 A.M. attended conference. Prayer by Prest. Lewis W. Shirtleff [sic]. Prest. Geo. Q. Cannon then spoke for an hour and a quarter in a very powerful manner. He was followed by Prest. Wilford Woodruff who called on John Smith as the next man to him in authority in the Church to keep the Word of Wisdom or step down and out of his office. He spoke 15 minutes and said among other things if a man could not keep the commandments of God and live that he had better keep them and die. (59)

 

-- Oct 7, 1894

Wilford Woodruff instructs conference priesthood meeting that all presiding officers should live Word of Wisdom, and he threatens to drop Presiding Patriarch John Smith for office if he continues using tobacco and alcohol. (7)

 

-- Oct 18, 1894

Apostle Francis M. Lyman records: "Oct 18, 1894:] I talked with Pres[ident] Snow upon the Word of Wisdom. He does not seem to look upon it so seriously as some of us do. " (7)

 

-- Nov 10, 1894

[Francis M. Lyman] [Deseret] [Bishop Moody had been called to apologize for challenging Brother Western's vote at election because he was a polygamist living with his wives] [Conference] I taught them upon our status in relation to plural marriage. A man is not an adulterer because he lives with his plural wife. We must protect one another. Never betray a brother. All concluded to do right in the future ... Bro[ther] Grant spoke splendidly for an hour upon the Word of Wisdom and politics. There was much Republicanism in his Democracy. (66)

 

-- Dec 2, 1894

[Francis M. Lyman] [Kaysville] Bro[ther] Richards talked an hour endorsing fully my advice on politics. He said if any of the Saints felt that they could not live without a little tea they could use it a little and it would be all right. This came so in conflict with the late instructions upon the Word of Wisdom that it made a visible sensation among the people. I then spoke 30 minutes and held that none of the Saints would die if they left off their tea. They would not only live without it but would be healthier and happier. I held if excuses were made it should be in favor of the young and not the old. The longer we live the better we should be. Bro[ther] Richards went home to Ogden ... (66)

 

-- Apr 4, 1895

[Apostle Brigham Young Jr. Diary] ... Had sacrament, good pure wine & bread. (61)

 

-- April 9, 1895

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] At the meeting with the Presidency today there were several of the apostles present and we discussed the propriety of Prest. Woodruff signing the petition to the Constitutional Convention asking that a plank prohibiting the sale of liquors be inserted in the Constitution. It was decided that he better sign the petition. (59)

 

-- May 7, 1895

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 7 We the Presidency took Cars & Rode to Ogden & Met with the Power Company & learned that the opposition Company had stoped our Company Crossing the River to their work. We all went up the Canyon And after Conversing with Leaders they settelled the Matter for the present. We went up the Canyon to the Place whare Mr Rhoades Men are at work. We returned to Ogden & Returned to Salt Lake. 95 Mil.

              On my arival at the farm I found My Grand Daughter Phebe C Scholes on a Bysickle was run over by a 2 Horse waggon driven by a Drunken Man. She fell between the Horses. Did not Break any bones but bruised her up. Broke her Bysickle to peaces. (37)

 

-- July 6, 1895

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] [Helps secure lease of Salt Lake Foundry for John Mc Lean, backs him some with collateral for a note.] I visited the room where the apostles meet and I prayed to the Lord to bless and assist the business that Bro[ther] McLean has entered into as it will be the means if successful of making employment for some of our people. [Grant to have a third interest in the profits; doesn't expect much] perhaps nothing I shall be satisfied if the business shall be able to meet its expenses and furnish some employment. [Learned McLean was drunk a good part of time since.] (59)

 

-- Jul 16, 1895

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 16th Most of the passengers are out watching the unloading of the vessels. The custom house officers detected several cases of smuggled liquor. Most of the passengers went on shore to visit the town. I went over considerable of the town, but found it hard work to walk. I wrote a note to Asahel, while Blanche wrote to Naomi. We went through the greatest stamp mill in the world; 240 stamps not more than 3 to $5.00 a ton. The noise was so great that no one could hear a word spoken. I brought home a piece of the ore that they work. The weather was a little rough a part of the day. (37)

 

-- Aug 8, 1895

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Thursday. Attended Quorum meeting. First Presidency met with us at 11 a. m. After Circle prayers we partook of the sacrament of bread and wine. I sat for photograph, life size, for the Salt Lake Temple at Brother C. R. Savage's art gallery. It was decided by the First Presidency and Twelve that it was not a good thing for women to register and vote at the coming fall election; they thought it would endanger Statehood. (63)

 

-- Sep 16, 1895

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Monday. At the last meeting of the Conference I called upon the Relief Societies of Malad Stake for 100 yards of homemade carpet for the Logan Temple, to be ready for use on July 1st, 1896, and then I spoke 70 minutes on the saving of grain and keeping at least 1 year's bread ahead, the Word of Wisdom, living pure lives, etc. I took Olonzo, my son, with me to attend this Conference and he occupied 40 minutes at the morning meeting today. (63)

 

-- October 1, 1895

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] At ten attended a meeting of the Apostles in the Temple. Pres[iden]t Lorenzo Snow, and apostles Richards, Young, Thatcher, Lyman, Smith, Teasdale, Grant, Merrill and Cannon were present. [Much on meat in Word of Wisdom.] After the remarks of Bro[ther] Brigham (Richards and Snow and been lengthy too) we adjourned for a couple of hours as it was suggested that too long meetings might wear brother Moses out. ... At the afternoon meeting Brother Moses was the first speaker. He said that these meetings of the twelve had always been a source of pleasure to him ... He believed that with Statehood financial prosperity would come to us, and that the heavy load that the First Presidency were now carrying would be lifted from their shoulders, and that we would soon have the church in a strong position financially. He desired sincerely that Pres[iden]t Snow and his brethren should forgive him for any neglect of his in the past, to have attended his quorum meetings. He might have felt that his poor health was more of an excuse in failing to be with us than he should. He felt that eventually his health would be restored to him. Closed his remarks by praying sincerely that we might all be kept in the straight and narrow path that leads to life eternal.  (59)

 

-- Nov 9, 1895

[Francis M. Lyman] I watched for Alma Greenwood all day but he was out of town. I heard he was drinking with James Melville yesterday. Politics has stirred up much bad feeling among the Democrats and they feel very uncomfortable. I had a confidential talk with Pres[ident] Hinkley and C. Anderson upon politics. (66)

 

-- Dec 25, 1895

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Wednesday. At home this a. m. Sarah, my wife, had all her children and grandchildren home for dinner today, 62 persons in all. I took Sophia home to Lewiston in the evening. George Tronson, my hired man there, got intoxicated and could not take her back home. (63)

 

-- Jan 2, 1896

[Francis M. Lyman] ... Then came on for consideration bro[ther] Moses Thatchers case. It was made to appear to our satisfaction that his sickness and trouble is caused by the use of coffee, tobacco and opium. He is now a confirmed friend of all those things and it at most must be but a question of a brief time when he will collapse. We felt that the true cause of his trouble should be made clear before the Saints, that no injury should come from wrong ideas about him in the mind of the brethren and Saints. At our coming quorum meeting the question will likely receive attention by the full council. (66)

 

-- Jan 9, 1896

[Apostle Brigham Young Jr. Diary] [Met with Pres. at 1 p.m. and broke fast with bread and wine--the Quorum of 12 presumably.] I urged that the surplus waters of Utah Lake be secured for the use of the people also all the surplus water of this valley will be seized by gentile firms if we do not secure it. Myself and Jno. H. S. were appointed a Committee [to look into the Utah Lake water matter] ... Presidency proffered us the aid of their lawyer Bro[ther] F. S. Richards which we gladly accepted--In had asked for this. (61)

 

-- Feb 23, 1896

[Apostle Brigham Young Jr. Diary] I had a talk with Pres[iden]t Hammond Asked him did he endorse the doctrine when Pres[iden]t Woodruff called upon Patriarch John Smith to step down and out or quit smoking or use of tobacco. he said I do with all my heart. Then will you step down, he said yes. He had letter read Presidency sent him. I read it again when Pres[ident] H. proposed that people try him another 6 mo[nths]. ... People voted with 3 exceptions to try him another 6 mo[nths]. I felt obliged to let the matter rest until next Conference. (61)

 

-- Mar 12, 1896

First Presidency gives James E. Talmage, who is working on his book THE ARTICLES OF FAITH, "an instruction" to smoke tobacco to relieve his persistent insomnia. Heber J. Grant is present and gives "his acquiescence" but dates meeting as Mar. 11. Talmage is then president of University of Utah and becomes apostle in 1911. Talmage later writes, "a good cigar produced a marvelous quieting of my over-wrought nerves." (7)

 

-- May 4, 1896

Apostle John Henry Smith writes in his journal: "I had a talk with Dr. W. B. Parkinson. He told me Bro. Moses Thatcher [recently dropped from the Quorum of the Twelve] is a Morphine fiend and he explained to me the terrible effects of the Drug. He also placed in my hands a letter purporting to be written by an opium eater, a Doctor in Oregon, but my spirit says it was written by Moses Thatcher."  (7)

 

-- July 8, 1896

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] At 10 am attended a meeting of the Apostles in the Temple. Pres[iden]t Lorenzo Snow offered the opening prayer, and he very earnestly supplicated the Lord in behalf of Apostle Moses Thatcher. John Henry Smith said that he did not look on him the same as a man who had become addicted to the use of liquor to the extent that he was not responsible for his actions. Bro[ther] Moses had been addicted to the use of morphine. He related a dream he had which he had had in relation to Bro[ther] Thatcher, which had given him the impression that Bro[ther] Moses would not have any great influence in leading the Saints from the path of duty should he fail to harmonize with hie brethren, and we be under the necessity of taking action against him. Expressed the very best of feelings and perfect fellowship for the Presidency and the members of the quorum of the Apostles. Felt the more active we were in mingling among the people the better it would be for us.

               (59)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 16, 1896

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 I attended the meetings of the Directors of the Coop. W. & M. Co. and of the Grant Soap. Co.

                 Bro. Moses Thatcher been very poorly. He had up to ten p.m. last night not taken any Morphine for over one hundred and twenty hours. (56)

 

-- Sunday, Jul 26, 1896

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 The funeral of Abraham H. Cannon came of[t] at 2 p.m. at the Tabernacle. [progam listed]

                 This evening Bp. Wm. B. Preston called on me and invited me to go to his office with [him]. I did so and found A. F. Farr, Seth Langton, Geo. A. Snow, Dr. Geo. Hyde, Severine Jepson, Moses Thatcher Jr., Geo. J. Thatcher, W. B. Preston and myself made up the company.

                 It was stated by Moses Thatcher [Jr.] that he was adicted to the Morphine habbit and part of the time insane and that they must do something for him. S. Jepson, who had been more with Moses St. than any one else, endorsed the statement. It was finally agreed to get him if possible to go of his own free will to a sanatarium in California, if he refused to do so then to insist on sending him any way. We adjourned to meet tomorrow at Bp. Preston's home. (56)

 

-- Jul 26, 1896

At the funeral of Apostle Abraham H. Cannon, President Wilford Woodruff speaks upon the topic of "the plurality of wives and to the plurality of families that men possess in this Church. It is a subject I have left alone as a general thing in all my observations and instructions before the public. . . . We have had a plurality of wives and families. The principle was introduced to this people by the revelation of God through the Prophet Joseph Smith." Cannon had taken a secret post-manifesto plural wife, with Woodruff's permission, a few months before his death. After the funeral Apostle John Henry Smith attends a meeting concerning Apostle Moses Thatcher, "It was stated by Moses Thatcher [Jr.] that he was adicted to the Morphine habbit and part of the time insane and that they must do something for him. . . . It was finally agreed to get him if possible to go of his own free will to a sanatarium in California, if he refused to do so then to insist on sending him any way." (7)

 

-- Aug 26,1896

[Utah] Apostle Moses Thatcher begins treatment with Keeley Institute for his addiction to opium and morphine. First Presidency and apostles tolerated Thatcher as a "morphine fiend" and "opium eater", but on 26 Jul his family and friends considered involuntary commitment to treatment. His is most prominent drug addict in Mormon history. Twelve drop Thatcher from quorum membership on 19 Nov because of four year conflict over his insubordination in political matters, but Thatcher's drug addiction aggravates that conflict. (53)

 

-- Sep 21, 1896

[Apostle Franklin D. Richards Diary] (Pres[ident] Peery had stopped paying tithing out of resentments over political statements, failure of Whitney book with his biography to be published) B[isho]p WB Preston called with M. Thatcher Jr. & informed us that Apostle Thatcher has now spent 27 out of 60 days in treatment by an expert in the Keely cure necessary to overcome the morphine habit & asked that brother MT may be permitted to continue undisturbed in his treatment until the 60 days expire; which was most cordially granted. (62)

 

-- During 1896

(Butch Cassidy) In the five years after his pardon, Cassidy masterminded bank and train robberies in Montpelier, Idaho; Castle Gate, Utah; Folsom, New Mexico; Winnemucca, Nevada; and Wagner, Montana—robberies that netted over $270,000. His "Wild Bunch," perhaps the largest group of outlaws in the West, operated out of the Brown's Hole and Robbers Roost areas of Colorado and Utah.

              After the Winnemucca job, members of the gang escaped to Fort Worth, Texas, where they posed for a formal photograph which they sent to the Winnemucca Bank, "thanking them for their contribution."

              Butch told his family, "There were a lot of good friends, but Elzy Lay was the best, always dependable and level-headed. Sundance and I got along fine, but he liked his liquor too much and was too quick on the trigger."

              When his father asked if he had ever killed a man, Butch claimed, "No, thank God. But some of my boys had itchy trigger fingers. I tried to control 'em. I feel real bad about some posse men who got shot." (14)

 

(Moses Thatcher) After both Thatcher and Roberts were defeated, the First Presidency prepared a "political manifesto" which stipulated that "before accepting any position, political or otherwise, which would interfere with the proper and complete discharge of his ecclesiastical duties, and before accepting a nomination or entering into engagements to perform new duties, [every leading] official should apply to the proper authorities and learn from them whether he can, consistently with the obligations already entered into with the church upon assuming his office, take upon himself the added duties and labors and responsibilities of the new position."

              Although B. H. Roberts eventually endorsed the document, Thatcher steadfastly refused. He was convinced that the manifesto would be used selectively to stifle Democratic candidates: "I could not consent to the adoption of a rule that would effect the political liberty of so many people, and give so great power to the church authorities."

              The entire matter was complicated by Thatcher's prolonged ill health and morphine addiction. Heber J. Grant recorded during this time that he called on Moses one evening "and found him very low indeed. … He told me that he felt impressed with the idea that he had a cancer in his stomach. He is a wonderfully sick man and it looks to me that he can not live long unless there is a change for the better." He did not die for fifteen years. His refusal to sign the manifesto resulted in his name not being presented for endorsement in April conference. (14)

 

-- Apr 2, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] 2nd I slept fairly well the past night. Prest Cannon called this morning. I ate a little broiled beef & bread & drank a cup of coffee. Dr Snow called & felt much encouraged. Bro Nuttall gave me a bath from which I felt revived. Bro Jos E Taylor & S. B. Young called. I slept 4 hours this morning. Dr Snow called this evening & gave me encouragement. I ate a bowl of soup for supper. Bro John R Winder called. The medicine to work on my bowels operated & caused my going to the closet sev[er]al times. My left shoulder gave me some pain tonight, but being rubbed with alcohol felt better. (37)

 

-- Apr 7, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 7th I slept some 5 hours after midnight. I washed and ate a little broiled beef, bread & cup of coffee at 7.40 then dressed and with Bro Nuttall drove to the City at 9 am.... (37)

 

-- Apr 8, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 8th I was a little restless at times during the night but slept about 6 hours after midnight. Ate a bowl of bread & milk. Dressed & left in carriage at 9.30 for the office. Attended to business. Saw several brethren & rested some. Madam Mountford called at 3 pm for a short time. At 4.30 drove to Elder Nuttalls residence and was comfortably provided for by he & his wife Sophia. Laid down & rested for 2 hours. Slept most of the time. Ate a bowl of bread & milk & some shrimps.

              At 7.50 we drove to the Tabernacle & was seated on comfortable chairs provided by Bro Nuttall and listened to Madam Mountfords lecture on the Life of Jacob for 2 hours my wife Emma sitting by me. Drove down home deeming it best to do so, although Bro & Sister Nuttall had made every preparation for me to stay at their home all night. Arrived at 11.10. I drank some Hot Lemonade with a little brandy in it. Went to bed and soon to sleep. (37)

 

-- Apr 10, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 10th Had some distress in my stomach. Did not sleep good. Drank a cup of coffee at 7.30 and Slept for 3 hours... (37)

 

-- Apr 11, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 11th I slept some 3 hours after midnight. Ate a few stewed oysters & drank a cup of coffee for breakfast. Rested some during the day. At 6.20 p.m ate some bread & milk & had a bath. Laid down & Slept 2 hours. Was quite restless before midnight. (37)

 

-- Apr 13, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 13th I slept from 4 pm yesterday till 6 am some 7 1/2 hours. Had a cup of coffee & some bread & milk. I kept my room & rested.... (37)

 

-- Apr 20, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] .... At 3.30 pm. my daughter Alice took some medicine that Dr Shipp prescribed for her, without water and it burned her mouth and throat being a strong acid. Gave her some strong coffee and she felt better but her mouth & throat pained her for some time. Asahel & wife & miss Winter called and the evening was spent in conversation, singing &c. I slept some during the afternoon and evening. (37)

 

-- Apr 25, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] April 25th I slept 5 3/4 hours from midnight to 7.15 am. I ate some fried chicken and bread for breakfast, & a cup of coffee. Don Carlos Young called. I walked out for a short time and slept some during the day. Bro James Sharp called in the evening & spent an hour in conversation, after which I slept for over 2 hours then sat up and talked with Bro Nuttall till after 11 oclock. (37)

 

-- May 1, 1897

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] I dictated a number of letters today among them being one to Lyman J Gage, Sec[re]t[ar]y of the Treasury at Washington, recommending George C Parkinson, of Preston Idaho, as collector of internal revenues for the district of Utah, Idaho and Montana. Had a long chat with Bro. [Joseph F.] Smith, regarding the manner in which Saltair was conducted and the renting of the Brigham Young Trust Co. building on Commercial Street, for immoral purposes. I expressed my opinion in plain English, regarding the Sunday liquor selling at Saltair and the use of the B.Y.T.Co. building for any such purpose. Bro. Smith acquiesced in all that I said, and I certainly hope that good may result from our conversation and that eventually, liquor selling will be a thing of the past at Saltair. (59)

 

-- May 28, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] May 28th Slept at intervals after midnight somewhat restless. After taking a cup of coffee slept till 8.15 when I dressed & had breakfast. At 9.30 a.m Emma & 2 of the grand children accompanied me to Big Cottonwood to Eugeyns where afterwards I laid down & slept well. After dinner the boys were playing quoits. I played one game. We had a nice visit and returned at 8.45 pm. I soon went to bed but was so tired I could not sleep soundly. (37)

 

-- Jun 9, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] June 9th I was quite restless all night. Felt chilly. Took a little Brandy sling and a cup of coffee, and slept some before daylight and until 9 am. when I ate breakfast, after which I rested and slept at intervals until 3 pm. when I walked out and saw the men driving for a well. Ate my supper with the family at 7 pm. Bro & Sister Naegley & Bro & Sister Siebert & Wm. McEwan called and spent the evening. Had refreshments at 10 pm. I did not go to bed until 11.30 pm. (37)

 

-- Thursday, Aug 5, 1897

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 The members of the Apostles Council met again at 10 a.m. and All agreed that the Y.M.M.I. association should publish a paper.

                 At 11 a.m. Presidents Wilford Woodruff, Geo. Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith joined the Apostles and after some business was transacted. The Sacrament was administered. Prest. Geo. Q. Cannon blest the bread and wine. John W. Taylor is absent in Colorado on a mission. (56)

 

-- Aug 15, 1897

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Sunday. Franklin. I came to Richmond at 10 a. m. Found Almira some better; brought medicine from drug store; stayed with her balance of day. Went to Lewiston in the evening. (63)

 

-- Oct 7, 1897

[Apostle Franklin D. Richards Diary] ... Some complain the way tithing is expended for example Saltair stated about Garfield, Big Cottonwood, Warm and Hot Springs, and Saltaire has been great advertiser refered to Bar liquor selling, & to immoral practices.... (62)

 

-- Nov 23, 1897

[President Wilford Woodruff Journal] Tues Nov 23 We left Oasis at 2 am. I did not sleep very well. I had some pain in my bowels. Bro Nuttall got up at 3 am & rubbed me and I took some brandy. Elder Nuttall got off at Provo and arranged for our carriages to meet us at the depot at Salt Lake city which they did & at 9.30 we arrived & drove home. (37)

 

-- During 1897

(James E. Talmage) Despite his lack of experience with tobacco and his successful determination to prevent therapy from becoming habit, Talmage found that "a good cigar produced a marvelous quieting of my over-wrought nerves."

              1897. Resigned as president of the University of Utah, though continuing as professor of geology. Ten years later he resigned as chairman of the geology department to be a full-time mining consultant. (14)

 

-- Thursday, May 5, 1898

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 It is quite pleasant today. I went out to Beck's hot springs and took a bath.

                 All of the Presidency and Lorenzo Snow, Franklin D. Richards, Brigham Young, Francis M. Lyman, myself, Geo. Teasdale, Heber J. Grant, Matthias F. Cowley, and Abraham O. Woodruff met in Council at Temple.

                 We talked over the question of admitting people who do drink tea and Coffee to the Temple.... (56)

 

-- May 5, 1898

The First Presidency and Twelve discussed the Word of Wisdom. One member reads from the twelfth volume of the Journal of Discourses a statement by Brigham Young that seems to support the notion that the Word of Wisdom was a commandment of God. Lorenzo Snow, then President of the Council of the Twelve agrees, saying that he believes the Word of Wisdom was a commandment and that it should be carried out to the letter. In doing so, he says, members should be taught to refrain from eating meat except in dire necessity, because Joseph Smith had taught that animals have spirits. Wilford Woodruff, then President of the Church, says he looks upon the Word of Wisdom as a commandment and that all members should observe it, but for the present, no definite action should be taken except that the members should be taught to refrain from meat. The minutes of the meeting record that "President Woodruff said he regarded the Word of Wisdom in its entirety as given of the Lord for the Latter-day Saints to observe, but he did not think that Bishops should withhold recommends from persons who did not adhere strictly to it." (7)

 

-- Sep 2, 1898

Wilford Woodruff: Died 2 September 1898 at San Francisco, San Francisco County, California. (41)

 

-- Oct 1, 1898.

[Apostle Anthony W. Ivins Diary] ... Heber J. Grant had always paid his tithing with pleasure. Two dollars is spent in breaking the Word of Wisdom for every dollar paid in tithing.... (67)

 

-- November 6, 1898

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] If I was glad last evening that I did not speak in the Theater this AM I feel to thank the Lord that I did not do so, BH Roberts' reply to Gov. Wells in this morning's Herald disgusts me almost if not quite as much as the Governor's speech did. Politics is a good thing to have nothing to do with. (went to American Fork, I started to speak but was called to the telephone simply to learn that JH Moyle wanted to talk with me. I returned to the meeting & spoke about an hour. [On train] I met Apostle Brigham Young on the train and we chatted together on the political situation. He agreed with me perfectly that Bro[ther] Wells had made a great mistake and that Bro[ther] Roberts had done equally as bad in replying the way that he had. About 11 I concluded to go downtown and chat with Ja[me]s H. Moyle I found him and BH Roberts Democratic Headquarters. I read Gov. Wells' reply to BH Roberts and what Roberts had written in reply to the reply and suggested one or two slight modifications, but Roberts did not adopt my suggestions. I did not want him to use "Phillip drunk and Phillip sober" and one or two more expressions. I plainly told him in my opinion he had made a great mistake in replying to Bro[ther] Wells the way he had. It was after midnight when I got home. (59)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 12, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...At this point the tables were spread and the brethren partook  of the sacrament. After the bread and wine were blessed by Pres. Snow, [they] ate and drank freely until satisfied. It was indeed a time of refreshing and one long to be remembered. Benediction by Pres. Geo. Q. Cannon. (68)

 

-- Sunday, Mar 19, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ... Before returning to the meeting, we had a brief conversation with the bishopric respecting the Word of Wisdom and expressed the hope that the counselors would follow the example of Bp. Harper in keeping this commandment of the Lord.... (68)

 

-- Wednesday, Apr 5, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...At this point the First Presidency came in and, after some conversation in which it was decided by unanimous vote that Pres. Snow be authorized to appoint a committee to revise the next edition of the hymn book, sacrament was administered. The brethren sat around a table provided plentifully with bread and wine, which was blessed by Pres. Geo. Q. Cannon. We had a very enjoyable and profitable time together and adjourned at 2 p.m.... (68)

 

-- Friday, Apr 21, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Pres. Jos. F. Smith explained the object for which the Saltair Beach Pavilion was built. It was that we might be able to control in some degree the amusements and pleasures of the young. There was to be no traffic in liquor and no Sunday trains. These rules had the effect of driving away patronage, but at the same time interest had to be paid on the investment. It was, therefore, decided to rent bar privileges under stringent regulations and to put all attractions under proper control. All this was necessary to make the property pay interest on the investment. .... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 13, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The sacrament was then partaken of. Pres. Jos. F. Smith was mouth in blessing the bread and wine, which was supplied in sufficient abundance to satisfy all present. A very enjoyable time was passed at the table, after which an adjournment was taken, Pres. F. D. Richards offering the benediction. (68)

 

-- Sunday, Jul 16, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Richfield. Clear and warm. 9 a.m. Sunday School session at the tabernacle. The First Presidency and other authorities present. A large number of beautiful children were assembled. School called to order by Asst. Stake Supt., Chariton Seegmiller.

              Pres. Snow said that he was over 85 years of age and that the little children before him, if they would do right, could live to be 85, 95, 100 years and longer. Advised them to pay tithing on all money they received.

              Pres. Cannon made brief remarks on the word of wisdom, prayer, and obedience. The children were given the opportunity to shake hands with Pres. Snow and 717 enjoyed the privilege..... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 27, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] 11 a.m. Meeting of the brethren at the temple. Present: the First Presidency, Pres. F. D. Richards, Apostles F. M. Lyman, J. H. Smith, Geo. Teasdale, A. H. Lund, M. F. Cowley, R. Clawson, and G. F. Gibbs, clerk.

              I reported my recent visit to the stake Sunday School conference of the Box Elder Stake, July 22 and 23. One of the most interesting features of the conference was the report of the Stake Supt. of Sunday Schools, L. A. Snow, to the effect that out of 425 officers and teachers in the Sunday Schools, all were observers of the Word of Wisdom. The Box Elder Stake, I remarked, was the first stake in Zion that was able to make this report.... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Sep 3, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Mount Pleasant. Clear and warm. 9 a.m. Meeting of the Sunday School children [of San Pete Stake] at the pavilion.

              Pres. Snow was the first speaker. Admonished the children to be kind and loving to their parents, and to listen to the counsel of their teachers, and if they would do this, he promised them that they would live long upon the earth.

              Pres. Jos. F. Smith counseled the children to keep the Word of Wisdom. Also spoke upon the martyrdom of Joseph Smith, the Prophet. The children were then given an opportunity to shake hands with Pres. Snow, and there were 778 who did so.

              Having been troubled continuously with the rheumatism in my foot since leaving home, I decided to return to Salt Lake on the 2 p.m. train. The balance of the party will return tomorrow (Monday). (68)

 

-- Saturday, Sep 30, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Brigham City. Clear and cool. I had some further talk with Homer, who said that he had been down to Ogden to see the party who held the lease, but could do nothing with him, much to his regret. It was then decided that we use an influence with the city council to get them to raise the license for selling liquor, hoping in this way to shut him out. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Oct 5, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were then spread with bread and wine, and the Lord's Supper was partaken of, Pres. Cannon being mouth in asking the blessing. We had a very enjoyable time together. During the time we were at the table several topics were discussed. ... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Dec 10, 1899

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Brigham City. Cloudy and cold. 9 a.m. I took train for Beaver Ward to attend the dedication of the new meeting house ...1:30 p.m. Meeting called to order by Bp. Durfey. Dedicatory prayer by myself. The speakers were Elder Jacob Jensen, myself, and Apostle J. H. Smith. Topics treated. J. J[ensen]. The new house should be kept clean and pure—free from liquor and profanity.... (68)

 

-- Dec 27, 1899

[U.S. Religious History] Carry Nation, a leader of the American Christian temperance movement, raided and wrecked her first saloon in Medicine Lodge, Kansas. (1)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 4, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Clear and mild; thawing. 11 a.m. Meeting of the brethren at the temple. Present: the First Presidency, Apostles B. Young, Jr., F. M. Lyman, J. H. Smith, Geo. Teasdale, H. J. Grant, A. H. Lund, Jno. W. Taylor, A. O. Woodruff, R. Clawson, and G. F. Gibbs, clerk. The brethren robed. Pres. Snow was mouth in prayer, and Apostle J. H. Smith was mouth in the circle, after which the brethren disrobed. Song, "Let Us Pray, Gladly Pray."

              Pres. Snow said a proposition had been made to the board of directors of the Saltair Beach Co. and the Salt Lake and Los Angeles Ry. Co. by Brother W. J. Bateman and a Mr. [Charles W.] Miller to the effect that they would lease Saltair beach and the railroad, giving to the stockholders 75% of the net earnings and guaranteeing $8,000.00 a year. N[ephi]. W. Clayton, the present manager, objected, he said, on the ground that they were not reliable. Later on the two parties above mentioned made a second offer, namely, that they would manage the properties at a salary of $150.00 each per month. N. W. Clayton offered to manage the properties without compensation, if the directors desired him to do so. As to the propositions submitted, no decision was reached at the board meeting referred to, but inasmuch as the church was the largest stockholder—owning almost wholly both properties—it was decided to refer the matter to Pres. Snow.

              Pres. Snow now submitted the matter to the Presidency and Twelve. He said that from all he could learn the gentlemen who had made the proposition were perfectly reliable and were also familiar with the business. The clerk read communications from Bateman and Miller making the propositions referred to. Some of the brethren testified that N. W. Clayton was in the habit of getting drunk and they felt by continuing him in the management it would bring reproach upon the church, as it had already done. This feeling was shared by all present. After some discussion, it was moved by Apostle J. H. Smith and seconded [by] Apostle F. M. Lyman that the resignations of N. W. Clayton, Manager, and I. A. Clayton, Treas., be asked for and accepted. Carried by unanimous vote. A sentiment prevailed favoring the acceptance of Bateman and Miller's proposition, or rather, their second proposition.

              Apostle H. J. Grant stated that he had an opportunity to lease the Salt Lake Theatre to Mr. [Martin] Mulvey, manager of the New Grand Opera House, for a period of ten years to good advantage, and, if the brethren had no objections, thought he would do so. He would prefer, he said, to sell the church a controlling interest in the property—namely 51 shares or $51,000.00—but his circumstances were such he had to do something. He called attention to  the fact that he had a $30,000.00 note at Zion's Saving Bank, a $12,000.00 note with the Trustee-in-Trust, and suggested that these notes be turned over to him for theatre stock and that the Trustee-in-Trust buy enough more to give the church the controlling interest. After some discussion it was moved by Pres. Jos. F. Smith that the suggestion made by Apostle Grant be adopted, providing after due consideration it met with the approval of Pres. Snow. Carried by unanimous vote. Benediction by Apostle A. O. Woodruff. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 11, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were then set for the sacrament, and Pres. B. Young, Jr, was mouth in blessing the bread and wine, after which the brethren partook freely of the same. Before the brethren withdrew from the table, Pres. Cannon by request made brief remarks. ... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Jan 28, 1900

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Washington, D.C.

                 I was at the Hotel most of the day. I called up B. H. Roberts at the Metropolitan Hotel and found Senator Jos. L. Rawlins there. I had a short visit [with] them.

                 In the evening I gave a supper. The guests were Senator Joseph L. Rawlins, Genl. J. S. Clarkson, Judge G. W. Bartch, B. H. Roberts and H. B. Clawson. It cost $2.50 a plate, $5.00 room, and dollar each for three servants. We had a nice supper of some 12 courses.

                 All refused wine. (56)

 

-- Thursday, Mar 29, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Clear and cold. 11 a.m. Meeting at the temple. Present: the First Presidency, Apostles B. Young, Jr., F. M. Lyman, J. H. Smith, Geo. Teasdale, H. J. Grant, J. W. Taylor, A. H. Lund, A. O. Woodruff, R. Clawson, and G. F. Gibbs, clerk. Song. Apostle B. Young, Jr., mouth in prayer, and H. J. Grant mouth in the circle. Song.

              A letter from Chas. U. Locander of Juarez, Mexico, was read. He complained of not receiving a reply to certain letters he had written to the First Presidency in which he had made some complaints of certain wrongs he had suffered. The letter was threatening in tone. The matter was referred to Apostle J. H. Smith and Pres. A. W. Ivins of the Juarez Stake.

               A letter from the Presiding Bishopric was read. They complained of the manner in which the tithes of the Eagar Ward, St. Johns Stake, had been handled by Bp. [George H.] Crosby. Brother Crosby had moved away from that ward, and he had been talked of for bishop in another stake. The matter was referred to Apostle F. M. Lyman.

              A suggestion was made by Apostle H. J. Grant that the assembly hall, with some changes, be occupied by the Latter-day Saints College. The matter was deferred for the present.

              Apostle J. H. Smith reported his visit to the Fremont Stake. Said the high council of the Fremont Stake was released and reorganized. The change was made necessary owing to the status of some of its members. A number of the council was in the habit of getting drunk; others neglected the law of tithing. Two of the old council were brought in again.

              I called attention to the fact that the free-will offerings at the Salt Lake Temple for the year 1898 amounted to $5807.25, and for the year 1899, $6856.83; that the total membership of the church in the stakes of the temple district was 78,915. The amount contributed per capita was, therefore, between 8c and 9c per year. I thought this a poor showing and suggested that there were a great many who would contribute if the matter was properly brought to their attention. It seemed to be the mind of the brethren that it would be better to preach up tithing rather than to make an effort in the direction of the free-will offerings to the temple. Pres. Snow stated that there were 10,000 non-tithe-payers in 1899. The apostles should take up this matter in the stakes. It was reported that there were 30,000 non-tithe-payers in 1898. The number of tithe-payers in 1899 were 62,000.

              Apostle J. W. Taylor reported that the Cache Stake was in bad shape through the incapacity of a number of the bishops. A committee of three apostles, namely, Apostles F. M. Lyman, Jno. W. Taylor, and M. W. Merrill (who is also president of the Cache Stake) were appointed to investigate the matter, and report to the Presidency such changes in the bishopric of that stake as might seem desirable. Benediction by Apostle J. W. Taylor. (68)

 

-- Apr 5, 1900

[Apostle Marriner W. Merrill Diary] Salt Lake City. I attended meeting with First Presidency and Twelve today. Several matters were discussed and decided. One subject decided after full discussion was that Joseph F. Smith stood ahead and outranked Brigham Young in the Quorum of Apostles. The vote was unanimous. After business we partook of bread and wine. We adjourned at 3 p. m. ... (63)

 

-- Thursday, Apr 5, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were spread and the brethren partook of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. A spirit of perfect peace and union prevailed and it was a very enjoyable affair. Apostle B. Young was mouth in blessing the bread and wine. At the conclusion Apostle J. H. Smith offered the benediction.... (68)

 

-- Apr 5, 1900

First Presidency and Twelve decide that apostolic ranking is according to entry into quorum, not according to ordination date as apostle. This puts Joseph F. Smith ahead of Brigham Young, Jr.-first time in thirty-three years. After this decision the apostles "partook of bread and wine." (7)

 

-- Apr 17, 1900

Brigham Young Academy president Benjamin Cluff Jr. along with a company of two teachers and about twenty students leave Provo expecting to be gone for two years. Their destination is South America where they hope to locate rivers, cities, and places that would "throw light on the divine claims of the Book of Mormon." When the expedition reaches Spanish Fork they are received with a Brass Band and a Banquet in their honor. They are received with so many banquets that they don't cook their own food until eleven days into the journey. At the Mexican Border Cluff negotiates with border officials to allow passage through Mexico while the rest of the group boards with church members in Thatcher, Arizona. Cluff lingers in Mexico hoping to marry a polygamous third wife, Florence Reynolds, daughter of George Reynolds, and one of his former students. Florence had been using his last name for the previous year. While Cluff is in Colonia Diaz, he orders other expedition members to begin proselyting in Thatcher. The students discover why Cluff had prolonged his stay and became disheartened and angry. His assistant, Professor Walter Wolfe, reacts to the news of Cluff's delay by escaping to Nogales for an "extended three-day alcoholic spree." Wolfe (who had been told in a dream that he would find gold plates on the expedition and be able to translate them) later sells his mule to buy liquor. The students determine not to do any more missionary work and "took every opportunity to visit with the young ladies and to attend the weekly dances" in Thatcher. Apostle Heber J. Grant learns of the expedition's behavior while traveling in Arizona. He informs President Lorenzo Snow who sends Second Councilor Joseph F. Smith. Smith authorizes Cluff's plural marriage but instructs the group to either disband or proceed on their own as a "purely scientific" group without church endorsement. Most return to Provo but Cluff and five others press on to Columbia. A week after arriving, all but one student, Chester Van Buren, return to Utah. Van Buren remains in Colombia long enough to conduct scientific investigations. When he finally returns to Provo, his wildlife specimens become a prized collection. Cluff is censured by the Board of Trustees for "unwarranted use of authority" and is kept as Brigham Young Academy's president for only one more year. One of his last official acts is to change the name to "Brigham Young University." (7)

 

-- Sunday, May 13, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...2 p.m. Continuation of conference, Pres. A. Hatch presiding. The speakers were Pres. A. Hatch, Apostle Reed Smoot, and myself. Topics treated. A. H[atch]. Financial condition of the stake [was] good and spiritual condition fair. The tithing paid in 1897, $7,700; in 1898, $7,900; in 1899, $14,399. Word of Wisdom. Large number of missionaries from the Wasatch Stake in the field. The saloon evil.

              R. S[moot]. Expressed a desire to magnify the office of an apostle. The great evil existing in the world and to some extent among our people of restricting and limiting by unlawful means the number of children in our families; warned the saints against the practice. The evil growing out of club life and secret societies. Word of wisdom. Virtue among the Jews. The judgments of God being poured out upon the nations.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 12, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were then spread with bread and wine and the sacrament was administered. Pres. J. F. Smith was mouth in blessing the bread and wine. At the conclusion Apostle F. M. Lyman offered the benediction. (68)

 

-- Friday, Aug 17, 1900

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 A couple of Protestant Ministers called upon President Lorenzo Snow and talked over the situation at Saltair, as to the selling of Liquor and chance games. Presidents Joseph F. Smith and Seymour B. Young having returned from Mexico, made a report as to the Cluff Expedition. Part of them will return home and part will continue the journey. (56)

 

-- Friday, Aug 31, 1900

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Twenty elders were set apart for Missions today at the Annex of the Temple by myself, Rudger Clawson, Seymour B. Young and J. Golden Kimball.

                 I ordained as Seventies and set apart for Missions Walter J. Kelley, Wm. F. Fisher Jr., Martin P. Henderson, Martin L. Lee and Ebenezer A. child.

                 My son Nicholas G. returned from working at a sawmill in San Pete Co. for the past 2 months and a half. Josephine and I drove up to the cave spring in City Creek Canyon.

                 I was at the office of the Groesbeck Co. for a time during the evening. My brother C. W. Smith had made an arrest of a drunken rowdy and had him fined.

                 My son Ezra Chase's wife gave birth to a daughter at 2 a.m. today. (56)

 

-- Thursday, Sep 27, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Report of Elders C. W. Penrose [and ?] concerning the charges made by Elder Platte D. Lyman against Elder Walter Romney was read. They found upon careful investigation, and so far as they could judge, that he had drunk mild beer to some extent while in Germany on his mission but never was intoxicated; that he did not gamble; that in company with other elders upon one occasion to satisfy curiosity he looked into a house of ill-fame; that he played  a game or two of cards while on the ship returning home. A copy of the report, the clerk said, had been sent to Pres. P. D. Lyman. No action taken.... (68)

 

-- Wednesday, Oct 3, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle H. J. Grant was the next speaker. Felt, he said, that those who fail to observe the word of wisdom and pay their tithing ought not to be sustained in presiding positions. He endorsed Brother Brigham's suggestion that we should note down important subjects to be brought before the saints—always being subject to the inspiration of the Spirit. Dwelt briefly upon the subjects of Sabbath breaking and immorality. Said he thought that each member of the quorum should make an effort to visit every stake of Zion. Benediction by Apostle M. F. Cowley.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Oct 4, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were spread and the sacrament administered, Apostle B. Young being mouth in blessing the bread and wine. While at the table Pres. Snow made brief remarks. He spoke of the union of the brethren and said we witness today that which has seldom been seen in the world, namely, the perfect union of 15 men—the First Presidency and Twelve. He was sure, he said, that the Lord  was pleased with our union, and in this union the brethren are in advance of the Twelve who were with the Savior. There were heartburnings and divisions among them..... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Dec 6, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle H. J. Grant made some remarks in regard to Saltair and said that, in engaging a manager for next year, he thought it should be distinctly understood that no liquor should be sold there. This seemed to be the mind of most all the brethren present. President Snow said that, while he was personally in favor of restricting the liquor traffic, when we deal with people outside the church as well as those inside, we have to be wise and get along the best we can.... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Dec 30, 1900

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Snowstorm during the night. We are still working assiduously with the swelling on Lydia's breast. I administer to her daily when at home, and she employs the application of hot water, liniment, and other things, also taking iron and wine for her blood. We feel that it is a matter that requires serious attention, as well as the exercise of great faith. (68)

 

-- During 1900 to 1920

[Third Parties in Utah] Ironically, one third party which has never done particularly well in Utah was the Prohibition party. Despite several attempts, and occasional ballot status, in the 1900 to 1920 period, prohibitionists have not been successful in appealing to the Utah electorate, although many of the state's residents are abstainers from alcohol. (69)

 

-- Wednesday, Jan 9, 1901

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 All of the Twelve Apostles met at their room in the Temple except Marriner W. Merrill at 10 a.m. Prayer by George Teasdale. He also spoke on the Words of Wisdom and the payment of Tithing.

                 Brigham Young said that the Word of Wisdom was a commandment.

                 Francis M. Lyman spoke upon the rights of the Priesthood. Heber J. Grant spoke in favor of organizing a life Insurance Company and extending the usefullness of the Deseret News.

                 I made a motion that we suggest to the Trustee in Trust that we don't sell any Liquor at Saltair for one year. We talked of making changes in several of the stakes. (56)

 

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Grant said he thought it but proper when Pres. Snow asked for suggestions, we should give them and leave it for the Lord to decide. Advocated the organization of a home life insurance company. Spoke against the selling of liquor at Saltair.

              Apostle J. H. Smith moved that it be the sense of the council that we recommend to Pres. Snow that no liquor be sold at Saltair during 1901 as an experiment. Carried by full vote.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 10, 1901

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 The Apostles met in their room in the Temple at 10 a.m. Prayer by Heber J. Grant.

                 Marriner W. Merrill spoke, said he had 21 sons living and 17 of them were married and they were all Tithe payers. Anthon H. Lund read a letter from Prest. Peterson of the Scandinavian Mission which said that some Elders had arrived in that field having the small pox, which they had scattered some.

                 President Lorenzo Snow and Joseph F. Smith joined us.

                 After some discussion we decided to deride the Cache stake.

                 The brethren discussed quite freely the question of making some changes in the method of our mission work.

                 We partook of the sacrament together, President Lorenzo Snow blessing the bread and Wine. (56)

 

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Sacrament was then administered, Pres. Lorenzo Snow being mouth in blessing the bread and wine. We had a very enjoyable time together, and much business of importance was transacted. The conference was adjourned for three months. (68)

 

-- Feb 1, 1901

First Presidency decides to suspend ten-year policy of allowing sale of alcohol at church-s Saltair amusement park and resort. (11)

 

-- Thursday, Mar 21, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ... The clerk read a letter addressed by Reuben A. McBride to Pres. [Ira N.] Hinckley of the Millard Stake. He asked to be reinstated in the church and have his former blessings and priesthood sealed upon him. The status of the case may be given in a few words. Some 13 years ago he was cut off the church for the crime of murder committed while under the influence of liquor. It seems that in a moment of anger, while intoxicated, he killed a man by the name of Speed for striking his son. He was tried, convicted, and sentenced to 10 years imprisonment, but, after serving three years, was pardoned. He has since led a temperate life, is repentant, and desires reinstatement in the church. After some discussion the matter was referred to the presidency and high council of the Millard Stake for action. It was, however, decided that in any event he could only receive a standing in the church and would not be entitled to receive the priesthood.

              Song, "Lord, Dismiss Us with Thy Blessing." Benediction by myself. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Apr 4, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The sacrament was then administered, Pres. J. F. Smith being month in pronouncing the blessing upon the bread and wine.  While at the table I moved that the following brethren be sustained as the presidency of the Big Horn Stake (it having been previously moved and carried that the Big Horn colonies be organized into a stake of Zion): Byron Sessions, president; Jesse W. Crosby, 1st counselor; and [Charles A.] Welsch, 2nd counselor. Carried by unanimous vote.

              Benediction by Apostle B. Young, Jr. After the reading of the minutes, the meeting adjourned for three months. (68)

 

-- May 14, 1901

[Temple] In my opinion the man who pays but twenty five percent of his tithing and has been in the habit of using tobacco and getting drunk, but who is trying to quit these bad habits, and has partially succeeded, should be encouraged to continue in well doing until he is fully worthy to go to the temple before he should be recommended. [Lorenzo Snow to William H. Smart,  May 14, 1901] (40)

 

-- Thursday, Jun 13, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...In order to establish uniform procedure throughout the church relative to the manner of blessing the bread and wine in the administration of the sacrament, it was decided that one, and one only—the party officiating—should kneel. Benediction by Apostle B. Young. (68)

 

-- Tuesday, Jul 9, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Some discussion was indulged in regarding Saltair, with reference particularly to the selling of beer at that resort. It was moved and carried that it be the sense of the meeting that the brethren of the Twelve are opposed to the selling of beer at Saltair.... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Aug 4, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...At the close of the meeting we called the brethren and sisters together who had been chosen to fill the various offices of the stake. There were 31 present. I spoke and questioned the brethren  as to whether they felt to sustain the First Presidency and Apostles, and also as to whether they paid their tithing and kept the word of wisdom. It developed that there was one brother present who failed to keep the Word of Wisdom, but he promised to do so in the future. Apostle Cowley admonished the brethren against profanity. (68)

 

-- Sunday, Aug 11, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Oakley. Clear and warm, but cool at night. 2 p.m. Continuation of [Cassia Stake] Conference, Pres. Wm. T. Jack presiding.

              I made remarks. Topics treated. Regrets. Also the evil of a wasted life, giving the example of a young man who had entered into the higher law, having had two lovely wives and some fine children. He was also gifted with a talent for music (instrumental).  This man committed himself, went into darkness, lost his wives and children and hope of future reward, dying in the gutter, the victim of alcohol.

              Closing remarks were made by Pres. Jack. Thus dosed an interesting and instructive conference. (68)

 

-- Aug 11, 1901

Of men attending stake priesthood meeting, one-third admit they do not observe Word of Wisdom. (7)

 

-- Sunday, Aug 25, 1901

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Hyrum, Cache County

                 At 9 a.m. the Sunday School convened in the Grove on the Square. I spoke to them for a short time.

                 At 10 a.m. the Hyrum Stake conference convened. M. W. Merrill, Prest. Morrell of Cache stake and J. Golden Kimball and myself were in attendance.

                 Praycr by Patriarch Henry Hughes. Several of the brethren and Sisters spoke and I followed for about 25 minutes. Benediction by H. C. Jackson

                 3 p.m. Prayer by O. N. Liljenquist. The sacrament was administered. J. Golden Kimball and M. W. Merrill took up the time in good talks. Benediction by Elias S. Kimball.

                  At 7:30 p.m. we held a young people's Conference.

                 Prayer by Chas. C. Shaw. The speakers were John H. Maughan, Willard Israelson, Orson M. Wilson, Annie M. Ralph and Rose Liljenquist. J. Golden Kimball and I spoke. I made a talk on the Word of Wisdom. Benediction by Prest. Wm. C. Parkinson. (56)

 

-- Thursday, Oct 24, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...After some discussion it was decided that the balance due on the Brigham Young Memorial be brought forward and presented at the special conference on Nov. 10th. At this juncture Elder Hyrum M. Smith came in, and Apostle Jno. H. Smith by request informed him that he had been chosen an apostle and proceeded to deliver the usual charge, in brief as follows, to wit:

              Brother Hyrum Smith, it is presumed that you are a moral man, that you observe the word of wisdom, that you subscribe to the principles of the gospel, that you accept the principle of plural marriage, and that you uphold and sustain in your heart the First Presidency, the Twelve, the patriarch, and other general authorities of the church. You are to be ready at any time to go and to come at the call of the Presidency. Your heart must be given to your God, your loyalty must never be questioned. You must be God-fearing, honest, just, and a tithe-payer.... (68)

 

-- Friday, Oct 25, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Address of welcome, Pres. F. Y. Taylor. He said in substance that the presidency of the Granite Stake had contemplated for some time the pleasure and propriety of having the high council of the stake together in a social capacity. And in connection with this idea they had concluded to invite the Presidency of the church and the Twelve and their wives to be present also, that the members of the council might have the privilege of shaking hands with them, and of extending a more intimate acquaintance with the general authorities of the church. He felt that such action would prove to be of great benefit to his brethren of the Granite Stake. He had to report, he said, that the presidency and high council of his stake were in perfect harmony and union, and that they were all observers of the word of wisdom and tithe-payers, and that the members of the council were laboring diligently with the presidency to build up and strengthen the elders' quorums and other organizations of the stake.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Nov 7, 1901

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Clawson reported his recent visit to the Summit Stake Conference (last Sunday and Monday) and said that he found in that stake a spirit of improvement, growth, and progress. At the priesthood meeting on Saturday, when the brethren who kept the word of wisdom and paid tithing were asked to arise, all present—about 100—arose. He knew of no other stake, he said, that could stand such a test as this—and yet Summit Stake but recently stood at the foot of the class. Better still, Pres. Moses Taylor reported at that meeting that all the officers of the stake—about 400 in number—observed these laws of God... (68)

 

-- During 1901

(Susa Young Gates) Delegate to the International Council of Women in Copenhagen and London. In England she presented a paper, "Scientific Treatment of Domestic Science," and was invited to tea with Queen Victoria. (14)

 

-- Saturday, Jan 4, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Milford, Utah. Clear and cold. 6 a.m. Left by team for Beaver (32 miles distant), arriving at 10 a.m. It was a cold ride.

              6 p.m. Meeting of the [Beaver Stake] high council in the high council chamber, Pres. C[harles] D. White presiding. The brethren were questioned as to their faith and as to how they stood on the word of wisdom, tithing, and family prayer, and other duties. The responses were generally quite satisfactory.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 9, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...At this point the tables were prepared and the brethren sat down to the sacrament, which was thoroughly appreciated and enjoyed. Apostle Jno. H. Smith blessed the bread and wine. Pres. Anthon H. Lund offered the benediction. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Apr 3, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The brethren at this point sat down to the sacrament, Pres. Brigham Young being mouth in blessing the bread and wine. Adjourned until July 1, 1902, at 10 a.m. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jun 5, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Grant moved that in view of the fact that no liquor was being sold at the beach, it be the sense of the meeting that we request the First Presidency to instruct the bishops of adjacent wards that it would be expected of them to patronize Saltair the coming season and use their influence to have others to do so. Carried.... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Jun 15, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Heber J. Grant. Topics treated. Showed how people can become familiar with vice. Rejoiced in the knowledge that liquor is no longer sold at Saltair.... (68)

 

-- Tuesday, Jun 24, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Hyrum M. Smith was the first speaker. Topics treated. Felt to rely upon the Lord for his blessings. Was careful to remember his prayers in the season thereof. Hoped his children would grow up strong in the faith. In connection with his brothers and sisters, had been taught to observe the word of wisdom. Spoke of the ordinance of the administration for the sick and rejoiced in it. ... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jun 26, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The tables were then spread for the sacrament, and Apostle Grant blessed the bread and wine. The brethren spent a very enjoyable time in partaking of the Lord's supper. Before separating Apostle Grant announced that at 1:30 he expected to seal his daughter [Lucy Grant] to [George J. Cannon] a son of Abraham H. Cannon and he extended a cordial invitation to the Presidency and the Twelve and their wives to attend the wedding reception at  his home at 5 p.m. Benediction was offered by Pres. Young.

              Later the minutes of the meeting of the Apostles were read and approved, and an adjournment taken until Sep. 30, 1902. Benediction by Apostle Woodruff. (68)

 

-- Monday, Aug 11, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Lewisville, Idaho. Clear and cool. 10 a.m. Continuation of [Bingham Stake] Conference, Pres. [James E.] Steele presiding.

              Sister Edna Smith of Salt Lake. Topics. The power of prayer. Girls should make confidantes of their mothers and keep good company. They should avoid young men who smoke, drink, and swear. The Primary associations. (68)

 

-- Sunday, Aug 31, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...made remarks in relation to the sacrament, explaining why water was substituted for wine, and quoted the revelation bearing upon this question. ... (68)

 

-- Tuesday, Sep 30, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Jno. H. Smith was the first speaker. He said that Brother Teasdale and himself had called upon Brother Brigham this morning and found him somewhat improved. He had intended to be present at our conference today, but the doctor absolutely forbid it. The spirit of Pres. Smith during his southern tour has prompted him to dwell on temporal things. He has spoken powerfully upon the word of wisdom, tithing, and kindred subjects, as also the brethren who were with him; much good counsel was given in regard to making improvements.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Oct 2, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Benediction by Apostle Hyrum M. Smith. After the tables were set, the brethren partook of the sacrament, the bread and wine having been blessed by Apostle Teasdale.... (68)

 

-- Thursdays Oct 30, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Apostle Smoot said that the temperance people of Provo desired Elder Jos. B. Keeler to join with them in this movement, and that Brother Keeler wished to know how far it might be proper for him to go. In view of the fact that the Mormon people are in every sense a temperance people, it was thought best for Elder Keeler to hold himself aloof from alliance with this movement.... (68)

 

-- Oct. 31, 1902

[Temple] It is for you to use your own discretion in the matter of giving recommends to the temple. You may consistently decline to give recommends to men who openly and flagrantly disregard the Word of Wisdom. * Very old men in whom the tobacco habit may have become part of their nature, and who may regard it as a great hardship to be required to abstain from its use in order to receive your recommendation to the temple, should at least be willing to curtail themselves as much as they possibly can, and promise to cleanse themselves from the tobacco odor and not to use it at all the days they do work in the temple. As to drunkenness, we certainly think you should draw the line there. Let all such men know that they are unworthy to enter the temple and if they feel themselves too weak to overcome this sinful practice they had better acknowledge themselves failures and turn their temple work over to their children to do it for them. [Joseph F. Smith, John R. Winder, and Anthon H. Lund to John W. Hess,  Oct. 31, 1902] (40)

 

-- Thursday, Dec 18, 1902

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ... Pres. Smith further remarked that those who present themselves at the temple for blessings who appear to be unworthy (as, for instance, under the influence of liquor or tobacco, &c.) should be put on probation. Presidents Winder and Merrill at the temples should act as a check upon the presidents of stakes in regard to this matter.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jan 22, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Cloudy, thawing. 10:40 a.m. Meeting at the temple. Present: Presidents Jos. F. Smith, Anthon H. Lund, and  Jno. R. Winder, and Elders Jno. H. Smith, Geo. Teasdale, Marriner W. Merrill, Matthias F. Cowley, Abraham O. Woodruff, Rudger Clawson, Reed Smoot, Hyrum M. Smith, Jno. Smith, patriarch, and the clerk.

              There was an informal talk about the election of Reed Smoot as United States senator from Utah. The very pleasing information was conveyed to the brethren that the campaign of Brother Smoot was conducted absolutely without bribery or liquor. There was only one attempt at bribery, and that was in the case of one of the legislators who sent word to Elder Smoot that, if he would use his  influence to have said party appointed chairman of the committees on railroads, he would in return vote for him. Brother Smoot immediately turned him down by sending word that, so far as his influence had any weight, he would oppose his appointment to said committee in any capacity and further that he did not want his vote.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Apr 2, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Elder Clawson was the first speaker. Said that he had enjoyed the spirit of our meetings. .... Tithe-paying in his opinion was the true test of a man's faith; and furthermore, men who were guilty of neglect in this matter would in all probability be guilty of neglect in other things, such as prayer, word of wisdom, &c. Felt to be one with his brethren and held himself in constant readiness to answer the calls of the First Presidency and the president of his quorum.... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Apr 12, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Price, Utah. Clear and cold. 8:30 a.m. Meeting of the high council at Pres. [Reuben G.] Miller's, Pres. Miller presiding. A resolution in regard to the liquor traffic was passed. The resolution provided that members of the church engaged in the saloon business and all who patronized saloons were to be handled on their fellowship, if they did not repent. A resolution to support the Mammoth Reservoir scheme and canal was also passed. By this enterprise it was shown that 10,000 acres of land would be brought under cultivation and reclaimed.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jun 11, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Elder Jno. H. Smith said that he attended fast meeting at the temple last Sunday a.m.; 22 testimonies were borne and it was very choice meeting. In the afternoon attended fast meeting in the 17th Ward and in the evening was present at a special meeting of the young people of the Granite Stake at the Farmers Ward. There were at least 1000 present. Speaking of the young people, Elder Smith alluded to the effort now being made to keep Saltair free from liquor. Notwithstanding this, a strong effort is being made to induce our young people to visit the Lagoon and Calder's Park. The latter place, he said, is a veritable hell-hole. It is said that some 400 people there upon a recent occasion were intoxicated.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jun 18, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Clear and warm. 10:20 a.m. Meeting at the temple. Present: Presidents Jno. R. Winder and Anthon H. Lund, and Elders Jno. H. Smith, Abraham O. Woodruff, Rudger Clawson, Reed Smoot, Hy. M. Smith, the Patriarch [John Smith], and the clerk. The brethren clothed and sang, "Jesus Once of Humble Birth." Elder Smoot was mouth in prayer, and Elder Hy. M. Smith was mouth at the altar. The brethren disrobed and sang, "Captain of Israel's Host and Guide." Minutes of June 11, 1903, were read and approved.

              ...Elder Woodruff said that on Saturday last he assisted in laying the southeast cornerstone of the Wellsville meeting house. In the afternoon a feast was spread for the old folks. At this point Elder Woodruff recommended that Brother [William H.] Maughan, former bishop of Wellsville, be ordained a patriarch. It was known that Brother Maughan had been addicted more or less to the use of liquor and tobacco, and it became a question of worthiness on his part to receive the patriarchal office. The matter was laid over for the present. (68)

 

-- Saturday, Jun 27, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Nephi W. Clayton said that he favored the motion if the purpose for which the pavilion was built could be accomplished, and also the purpose had in view by restricting the sale of liquor, but he very much doubted it. He remarked that there was quite a wide demand among our own people for beer at Saltair.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Oct 1, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Elder Cowley attended the Malad Stake Conference last week. The young man who had been chosen bishop of Cherry Creek expressed a determination to move from the ward, hence he did not ordain him to that office. The young people of Malad are much addicted to the use of tobacco. Elder Woodruff attended a Sunday School conference last Sunday in the Weber Stake of Zion. The meetings were crowded and a splendid spirit prevailed....

              Reports were approved. Benediction by Elder Grant. The tables were then spread with bread and wine, and the blessing was pronounced by Elder Grant, after which the brethren partook freely and with much relish and enjoyment.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Nov 5, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The labors of the brethren were approved. Elder Clawson said that he had been approached by a bishop who wanted to know the view of the council in regard to the Word of Wisdom, as to whether it was now binding upon the church as a commandment, as thus saith the Lord. Pres. Smith replied that it is so regarded. Benediction.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Dec 17, 1903

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Elder Clawson, accompanied by Elder Geo. A. Smith, attended the Morgan Stake Conference. Good attendance. Fine class of young people in that stake. Presidency united and meet once a week. Having a little trouble with Brother [Charles] Welsh, high councillor, who does not fully sustain the presidency. Good crops.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Mar 17, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Pres. Winder attended Sabbath School in Farmers Ward last Sunday and enjoyed himself. Elder Geo. A. Smith attended meeting at Linne, Alpine Stake, last Thursday night. On Sunday and Monday he attended conference at Morgan. During the conference met with the presidency of the stake and high council, and, as some of the council failed to observe the Word of Wisdom, spoke upon that subject. He ordained Frank B. Hopkin a high priest and bishop and set him apart to preside over the Croyden Ward. Elder Hyrum M. Smith said that while at Washington he and the brethren met with the saints there at the home of Brother Willey. They had an enjoyable time.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Mar 31, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Meeting adjourned to Sacrament table. Benediction by Pres.  Jos. F. Smith. The brethren repaired to the sacrament table; the bread and wine were blessed by Elder Clawson. Note: the Twelve did not hold their usual quarterly meetings on account of so few of the Twelve being at home, and other matters arising. (68)

 

-- Thursday, Apr 14, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...There [was] some informal talk in regard to the policy of leasing Saltair and incidentally granting the privilege of selling liquor there. It was conceded that, if the Latter-day Saints were strong enough by their patronage to sustain Saltair, there would be no necessity of leasing; but their patronage is not sufficient, and the gentiles will not give their support without the liquor privilege, so it was considered good policy by the Beach Co. to lease the property and, if liquor were sold, the odium must rest upon the lessee. The price fixed for rental was $30,000—$18,000 for the railroad and $22,000 [$12,000] for the beach.... (68)

 

-- Apr 14,1904

[Utah] First Presidency and apostles decide to resume sale of liquor at church resort of Saltair due to need for non-Mormon patronage. (53)

 

-- Thursday, May 5, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Elder Hyrum M. Smith was in attendance at the Cache Stake Conference. Good attendance and general counsels were given. The bishop of the 2nd Ward informed him, just as he stopped on the train to return home, that there is a patriarch [Rasmus Rasmussen] in the Cache Stake in Logan, who visits the saloon and who is guilty of stealing whiskey in small bottles from the saloon. The empty bottles had ben found in his home, and yet he is sustained in his position as patriarch.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, May 12, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...Letters

              Pres. [Joseph] Morrell of Cache Stake wrote, explaining in relation to the matter of Patriarch [Rasmus] Rasmussen's visit to a saloon in Logan as reported at last meeting. The explanation given was that he had gone there to sell some eggs, and while there that the proprietor had slipped a bottle of whiskey into his pocket and later accused him of stealing it, and extorted money from him—hush money. The brethren of the council didn't think the explanation very satisfactory and concluded to make further enquiries.... (68)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 7, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] ...The brethren now repaired to the Apostles' Room and partook of the sacrament, Pres. Lund being mouth in blessing the bread and wine. While at the table Pres. Smith arose and said that he had been impressed to name a certain brother to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Elder A. O. Woodruff and he now submitted for the consideration of the brethren the name of Chas. W. Penrose. ... (68)

 

-- Sunday, Jul 17, 1904

[Apostle Rudger Clawson Diary] Salt Lake City. Clear and warm. 8 a.m. I left for Provo to attend the Utah Stake Conference, arriving at 9:40 a.m.

              10 a.m. Continuation of conference in the tabernacle, Pres. David John presiding. Elder Geo. A. Smith then spoke. Topics treated. Word of Wisdom. Responsibility of parents to their children. Extravagance.

              2 p.m. Continuation of conference, Pres. D. John presiding. Pres. John made brief remarks, reporting the stake. R. Clawson. Topics treated. Spoke in complimentary terms of the singing by the choir. The building up of Zion. The temporal and the spiritual. The things of God can only be understood by the Spirit of God. Geo. A. Smith. Topics treated. We should appreciate the labors of the bishops. The proper manner of blessing children. People moving from ward to ward should bring their recommends. (68)

 

-- Monday, Oct 17, 1904

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Mr. H. O. Havemeyer [of the sugar trust] and party are in the City. I had dinner with them at the Alta [men's social] Club.

                 Eighteen gentlemen sat down at the Table. 12 courses were indulged. We were three hours at the Table. Many toasts were proposed and answered. We had a joyous time. Five of the 18 drank no wine. (56)

 

-- Friday, Mar 3, 1905

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Cordoba to Vera Cruz

                 We left at 7 a.m. over the Vera Cruz and Pacific Railway for Santa Lucrecia, state Vera Cruz. We got a nice dinner at the Town of Tere Bianca. . .We passed through a wonderland of tangled thriving Coffee Trees, Banana Trees, Sugar Cane, Tobacco plants, Cattle, Horses, Swine and Turkey and all Colored birds. We saw Sugar Factories. Mountains covered with Timber. (56)

 

-- Mar 11, 1905

Apostle John Henry Smith describes his visit to Paso de Mina, Mexico: "I slept very nicely. Pigs, Dogs. Cats. Trinkies and chickens occupied my room with me and James Mack, Ben Cluff, and John A. McAllister. Their was five beds in the house, a table and a bath Tub. Senor Torraco has a wife and two children. He is nearly pure Spanish, the wife pure Indian. One of the children is white, the other dark like an Indian. We had rice, Fried Eggs, tortillas, Beans, Plantin, Coffee, and Chocolate for our meals, all nicely cooked. The Table linen and dishes were clean and food nicely served." (7)

 

-- Monday, Mar 15, 1905

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Paso dela Mina, Tabasco

                 I slept very nicely. Pigs, Dogs. Cats. Trinkies and chickens occupied my room with me and James Mack, Ben Cluff, and John A. McAllister.

                 Their was five beds in the house, a table and a bath Tub. Senor Torraco has a wife and two children. He is nearly pure Spanish, the wife pure Indian. One of the children is white, the other dark like an Indian. We had rice, Fried Eggs, tortillas, Beans, Plantin, Coffee, and Chocolate for our meals, all nicely cooked. The Table linen and dishes were clean and food nicely served.

                 Our horses arrived from the ranch about noon. At 1:15 p.m. we left for Lagunillas and in going swam our horses across the Sanapa River and the men rode in a skiff. We reached the ranch about 5 p.m. (56)

 

-- Monday, Mar 20, 1905

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Huimanguillo to Chicago Ranch, Tabasco

                 We left here at 4 a.m. and riding about 20 miles reached the Home of Adolph G. Weiss of Chicago, his ranch of about seven thousand acres. We were received with open arms by a Mr. Green, Mr. Weiss being out on his ranch. He came in about noon and Mr. Mansar with him. We spent the afternoon looking over the place. He is growing Cattle and horses, Cocoa, Bananas, Coffee and Rubber trees. (56)

 

-- Monday, Mar 27, 1905

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] ...I have seen no evidences of immorality or drunkenness although everybody drinks alcohol. Many both men and women, boys and girls are Smokers. (56)

 

-- Mar 27, 1905

Apostle John Henry Smith, traveling in Mexico, writes, "I have seen no evidences of immorality or drunkenness although everybody drinks alcohol. Many both men and women, boys and girls are Smokers." (7)

 

-- Friday, Aug 25, 1905

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Portland, Oregon

                 It was Logan day at the Fair. Professor Linford, J. w. Kerr, Congressman Joseph Howell and I spoke. We had cake and Ice cream and wine. (56)

 

-- Jan 10, 1906

First Council of Seventy instructs B. H. Roberts to go to Los Angeles for "recuperation from a weakness for liquor that had fastened itself upon him." Roberts confessed his problem to Council in 1901, and its senior president writes in 1908 that he "has been many times much the worse for Liquor in so much that his brethren of the Council have had to take up a labor with him." (11)

 

-- Tuesday, Feb 20, 1906

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Washington, D.C.

                 I had breakfast with Vice President [Charles W.] Fairbanks. Two of his sons and a daughter in law was at table with us. Our meal consisted of Baked apples & cream, corn cake and butter, Hominy & Cream, Fried Eggs and French fried Potatoes and Coffee. I met Senators [Francis G.] Newlands of Nevada, C. M. Depew of N.Y. and Canute Nelson of Minnesota. The later is warmly attached to Reed Smoot. (56)

 

-- Thursday, Jul 5, 1906

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 All of the First Presidency and Francis M. Lyman, Myself, Rudger Clawson, Reed Smoot, Hyrum M. Smith, George Albert Smith, Charles W. Penrose, Geo. F. Richards, Orson F. Whitney and David O. McKay, Patriarch John Smith and Geo. F. Gibbs met at 10 a.m. in the [?].

                 Routine business was gone through and Reports were made.

                 We partook of the Sacrament, Prest. Joseph F. Smith blessing it. Water and not wine was used. (56)

 

-- Jul 5, 1906

First Presidency, Quorum of Twelve Apostles, and Presiding Patriarch begin consistently using "water and not wine" in their own sacrament. Apostle John Henry Smith specifically notes in his diary: " We partook of the Sacrament, Prest. Joseph F. Smith blessing it. Water and not wine was used." Joseph F. Smith personally stopped drinking wine at temple meeting sacrament in Dec. 1902. When this first came up for discussion by apostles on Jan. 7, 1903, Hyrum M. Smith criticized this practice. However, most apostles in 1903 preferred to continue using wine in temple. (7)

 

-- March 18, 1908

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] 5 p.m. attended a Gen. Board Meeting of the Y.M.M.I.A.  Quite a discussion on the question of Prohibition. Many of the brethren felt that it would be a big mistake to attempt to secure Prohibition. They believed it would fail. Local option seemed to meet with general approval. I am not sure but what their position is well taken. Perhaps to try to secure absolute Prohibition would fail, while local option might succeed. I always believed in accepting half a loaf where the chances are that you will not succeed in getting the full loaf if you will make a fight for it. What I want, is to restrict the liquor traffic and particularly to get rid of the low dives or cheap saloons. (59)

 

-- Sunday, Jul 12, 1908

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 2 p.m. A Temperance Meeting was held in the Tabernacle, Prest. F. M. Lyman presiding. The Tabernacle Choir sang three numbers and a Sunday School Choir one.

                 Prayer by H. J. Grant. President Lyman Introduced Louis Fuller who spoke. Governor John C. Cutler read a nice paper.

                  Dr. P. A. Baker spoke 40 minutes on Temperance.

                 The congregation was a fair one. The day has been very hot.

                 4 p.m. I met with my Prayer Circle and spoke to them, 13 of the brethren being present.

                 My son Nicholas G. was ordained a Seventy to day [by] Prest. Jonathan Golden Kimball. (56)

 

-- October 4, 1908

The Word of Wisdom and temperance-- This opening address by President Joseph F. Smith not only set the theme of the conference on the subjects of the Word of Wisdom and temperance, but his remarks were adopted by a vote of the conference as will be seen by the subjoined resolution from pp. 61-65 of the official Conference Report.

              All three members of the First Presidency of the Church and the President of the Quorum of the Twelve had treated this same subject in their opening remarks to the conference, making a united presentation on the subject of the L.D.S. Word of Wisdom and temperance.

              As is indicated in President Smith's address, his remarks came at a time when the temperance movement was becoming nation-wide.

              President Smith's address also reaffirms the Word of Wisdom as a commandment of the Lord whereas it was originally given "not by commandment or constraint." He points out that it was Brigham Young who first announced the Word of Wisdom (Section 89 of the D&C) to be a commandment and he now reaffirms Brigham Young's original announcement, as President of the Church in 1908.

              However clear this address was on the official position of the L.D.S. Church on the Word of Wisdom and temperance, following the passage of the resolution by unanimous vote of the conference, there arose some question in political circles nationally and in Utah as to the proper methods of implementing the resolution. The address and the resolution calling for means of implementing temperance in Utah became a political football. The resultant controversy seemed to come to a head in January and February of 1909 causing Senator Reed Smoot to write the subjoined letter to President Smith expressing his fears that the Address and accompanying resolution were being used for political purposes. He suggested to the President of the Church, while affirming his own staunch support of the Word of Wisdom and of temperance, that it would be wiser, politically, to delay legislative action until the heat of the controversy that the resolution had caused had had a chance to subside.

              In February, 1909, President Joseph F. Smith wrote a letter on the letterhead of the First Presidency to three prominent political leaders in Utah deploring the fact that the Address and the Resolution of the October, 1908, General Conference had been used for political purposes. He reaffirmed the position of the Church in favor of temperance but deplored the efforts of politicians to use this stand of the Church politically. He reaffirmed also the statement of the First Presidency of 1907 on the separation of Church and State.

              For a discussion of the political situation in Utah at this time, see CHC 6:403-417.

              PRESIDENT JOSEPH F. SMITH OPENING ADDRESSÃÂ.

              When I arose to my feet, I had in mind the thought of presenting before this conference one of the revelations that has come to us through the Prophet Joseph Smith, a revelation with which you are all familiar, which has been the text, perhaps many a time, of every officer in the Church. It is a revelation which has been sounded in the ears of all the people for the last seventy years, and yet it is a new theme, practically, for there is still great necessity for it to be held out to the Latter-day Saints and to all the world. We see great reasons for the principles contained in this chapter of the book of Doctrine and Covenants being taught to the world, and especially to the Latter-day Saints. It is nothing more nor less than that simple Word of Wisdom that was given in 1833, for the benefit, the help, and the prosperity of the Latter-day Saints, that they might purify and prepare themselves to go nearer into the presence of the Lord, that by reason of keeping this law they might fit themselves to enjoy the blessings that He is more than willing to bestow upon them, if they are worthy. I propose to read this revelation to you and, perhaps, make a few remarks upon it:

              Revelation given through Joseph, the Seer, at Kirtland, Geauga County, Ohio, February 27th, 1833:

              A Word of Wisdom, for the benefit of the Council of High Priests, assembled in Kirtland, and the Church; and also the Saints in Zion.

              To be sent greeting-not by commandment or constraint, but by revelation and the word of wisdom, showing forth the order and will of God in the temporal salvation of all Saints in the last days.

              Here we are informed that it was not given, at that time, by way of commandment or restraint but by revelation, "a word of wisdom showing forth the order and will of God in the temporal salvation of all saints in the last days." Subsequently, years afterwards, from this stand, it was proclaimed from the mouth of the Prophet and President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Brigham Young, that the time had now come when this word of wisdom-then given not by commandment or constraint-was now a commandment of the Lord to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and the Lord required them to observe this word of wisdom and counsel, which is the will of God unto the people for their temporal salvation.

              Given for a principle with promise, adapted to the capacity of the weak and the weakest of all Saints, who are or can be called Saints.

              Behold, verily, thus saith the Lord unto you: In consequence of evils and designs which do and will exist in the hearts of conspiring men in the last days, I have warned you, and forewarn you, by giving unto you this word of wisdom by revelation—

              That inasmuch as any man drinketh wine or strong drink among you, behold it is not good, neither meet in the sight of your Father, only in assembling yourselves together to offer up your sacraments before him.

              And behold, this should be wine, yea, pure wine of the grape of the vine, of your own make.

              And again, strong drinks are not for the belly, but for the washing of your bodies.

              And again, tobacco is not for the body, neither for the belly, and is not good for man, but is an herb for bruises and all sick cattle, to be used with judgment and skill.

              And again, hot drinks are not for the body or belly.

              And again, verily I say unto you, all wholesome herbs God hath ordained for the constitution, nature, and use of man—

              Every herb in the season thereof, and every fruit in the season thereof; all these to be used with prudence and thanksgiving.

              Yea, flesh also of beasts and of the fowls of the air, I, the lord, have ordained for the use of man with thanksgiving; nevertheless they are to be used sparingly;

              And it is pleasing unto me that they should not be used only in times of winter, or of cold, or famine.

              All grain is ordained for the use of man and of beasts, to be the staff of life, not only for man but for the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven, and all wild animals that run or creep on the earth;

              And these hath God made for the use of man only in times of famine and excess of hunger.

              All grain is good for the food of man; as also the fruit of the vine, that which yieldeth fruit, whether in the ground or above the ground.

              Nevertheless, wheat for man, and corn for the ox, and oats for the horse, and rye for the fowls and for swine, and for all beasts of the field, and barley for all useful animals, and for mild drinks, as also other grain.

              And all saints who remember to keep and do these sayings, walking in obedience to the commandments, shall receive health in their navel, and marrow to their bones.

              And shall find wisdom and great treasures of knowledge, even hidden treasures;

              And shall run and not be weary, and shall walk and not faint;

              And I, the Lord, give unto them a promise, that the destroying angel shall pass by them, as the children of Israel, and not slay them. Amen.

              Now, it may seem altogether unnecessary and out of place, perhaps, to many, for me to occupy the time of this vast congregation in reading 'this revelation, inasmuch as it is presumable that every man and woman present has access to this book and is more or less familiar with all its contents. I am sorry to say that I do not believe there is another revelation contained in this book, or another commandment given of the Lord that is less observed or honored than this "Word of Wisdom," and that, too, by members and officers of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, male and female. Go where you will, you see a lack of appreciation of the counsel given in this revelation to the Latter-day Saints, by some of them. Some of our best men disregard in part this law; many do not fully observe it; some of our leading women do not keep the commandment of the Lord that is given here, and they excuse themselves in various ways, and for various reasons, for not observing the law of God. I simply want to say to you my brethren and sisters, that there is no other course that we can take in the world, in relation to our temporal welfare and health, better than that which the Lord God has pointed out to us. Why can we not realize this? Why will we not come to a perfect understanding of it? Why will we not deny ourselves that which our craven appetites desire? Why can we not observe more closely the will of the Lord as made known to us in this revelation? If we would observe this law or commandment of the Lord, first given not as a commandment nor by constraint, but afterwards declared by the mouthpiece of the Lord to be in force as a commandment thereafter to the Latter-day Saints-if, I say, the people would observe the principles of this revelation, there could not exist in their midst that most obnoxious institution known as a saloon; it can not exist where only Latter-day Saints dwell. If this commandment were observed by the whole people, the vast amount of money that now goes out to the world for strong drink and these other things forbidden in the word of wisdom, would be saved at home, and the health, prosperity and temporal salvation of the people would he correspondingly increased. No man can violate the laws of God with reference to health and temporal salvation, and enjoy those blessings in the same degree that he could do and would do if he would obey the commands of God. Don't you believe that? Can not Latter-day Saints accept that truth in their hearts? Can there be any room for argument in relation to that proposition? I say to you, my brethren and sisters, that God knows better than we do what is and will be for our best good, and when the Lord speaks to us, as He has spoken to us in this revelation which I have read to you, we should give it attention. We should accept it in our hearts; we should live closely to it; and then, we are promised, we should find wisdom, and great treasures of knowledge even hidden treasures; we might run and not be weary, walk and not faint, and when the destroyer should come he would pass by us, as he passed by the children of Israel anciently. If we fail to observe this law of God, we are not entitled to these promises. Those individuals who do not live up to these principles, conveyed to them through this word of the Lord, will fail in rightfully claiming the fulfillment of the promise that is made to them that keep the law. The Lord has said, "If ye will do the things I require at your hands," if ye will do my will, "then am I bound; otherwise there is no promise," for every promise is made on condition that we will observe the law upon which that promise may be justly and righteously fulfilled. We go into the outer settlements of the Latter-day Saints where there are a few non-believers, a few apostates from the Church, probably, and a few who have never belonged to the Church at all, but the majority of the people are members of the Church; and we see planted, here and there, in the midst of these communities, saloons and other places of ill repute, and they are sustained by somebody. In some instances, at least, we know that the outside element, the non-Mormon element is not sufficiently large or wealthy, nor are they so numerous in their patronage of these institutions as to keep them alive or to sustain them. The conclusion, therefore, is that there are some who are members of the Church who are also frequenters of these places. This is all wrong-all wrong. No member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints can afford to do himself the dishonor or to bring upon himself the disgrace, of crossing the threshold of a liquor saloon or a gambling hall, or any house of ill-fame of whatever name or nature it may be. No Latter-day Saint, no member of the Church can afford it, for it is humiliating to him, it is disgraceful in him to do it, and God will judge him according to his works. The man or woman who truly believes in the doctrines of the Church or professing to have membership in the Church, who believes and practices the principles contained in this "Word of Wisdom," will never be numbered among those who will bring this disgrace upon them, upon their neighbors or upon the Church to which they belong; they will never do it.

              Now there is a great movement on foot throughout the land; its waves have struck us here and are flowing over our state-a wave of temperance. Even the world is moved upon by an irresistible influence and spirit to advocate and to establish among communities in states and counties and cities the principle of temperance. I am in favor of this movement, I endorse it with all my heart; I know that it is in the right direction, and I believe that the Lord Almighty is moving in that direction upon those who are willing to devote their labor and time to this portion of His good work in the world. The Lord does not delight in intemperance, in drunkenness, nor can He have pleasure in the poverty, in the degradation and ruin that such practices bring upon their votaries and upon those who are dependent upon them, the ruin of manhood, the ruin of family organizations and the degradation of those that are engaged in it and that bring poverty, destruction, and death upon themselves and upon their families. Every member of the Church, male and female, ought to set his or her face as flint against intemperance and against anything that is in violation of the laws of God, that they might never be overcome or yield to the temptation of evil. We ought to have purer communities, communities that are not ridden by vice, by pernicious habits and practices. One cannot walk up and down the side-walks of our streets, but he will meet young men and boys with tobacco pipes in their mouth, or cigars or cigarettes, smoking in the streets. Perhaps those who are accustomed to these habits think this is a very trivial or very unimportant thing to talk about to a vast congregation like this, but I never see a boy or a man, young or old, addicted to this habit and practicing it openly but I am forced to the conclusion to the conviction in my mind that he is either ignorant of God's will concerning man or he is defiant of God's will and does not care anything about the word of the Lord, and that alone is sufficient to bring sorrow to the heart of any man who has any regard or respect for the world or will of the Lord and would like to see it obeyed. We go occasionally to the theaters, and of late years we see it has become very fashionable, or very common, for the actors to puff away at their cigars, pipes and cigarettes on the stage; and they light cigarette after cigarette, and cigar after cigar, right on the stage before their audience. To me such a practice is an insult to the Latter-day Saints at least, and should be to all decent people; and if I had little boys growing up who would be susceptible to the influence of such practices I should not want them to go to our theaters at all, where they would see things in open practice as if it was something commendable. I think it is reprehensible, to say the least; and if I were managing a theater, and could do it, I would have it stipulated that there should be no smoking on the stage nor in the auditorium. Aside from the folly of smoking in a theater, lighted matches, cigars, and cigarettes are dangerous to property. There are other things however, in theatrical performances that are about as disgraceful as smoking on the stage.

              Now, my brethren and sisters, the subject that I had in view in reading these words is simply to emphasize, as far as it lies in my power, the Word of Wisdom, given to the Latter-day Saints to all that are or can be called saints to the weakest of the weak, for it is adapted to them, and the weaker they are, if they will observe this principle, they will become stronger by the observance of it. If we will observe this law, we will gain strength, we will have health in our bodies and marrow in our bones; we may run and not weary; walk and not faint; and this is most desirable for those that are feeble, or weak, who need strength, and health; they should observe this principle in order that they might obtain the very thing they desire and need most and that they are destroying most by not following the word of the Lord but by practicing those things that are forbidden of Him. We pray God to heal us when we are sick, and then we turn round from our prayers and partake of the very things that He has told us are not good for us! How inconsistent it is for men to ask God to bless them, when they themselves are taking a course to injure and to bring evil upon themselves. No wonder we don't get our prayers answered more than we do, and no wonder our health is no better than it is, when we are addicted to practices that God has said are not good for us, and thereby entail evils upon our life and physical being; and then to turn to the Lord and ask Him to heal us from the consequence of our own folly, and pernicious practices; from the effects of the evil that we have brought upon ourselves and that we knew better than to do. How foolish it is!

              The Lord bless you my brethren and sisters. We endorse any movement looking to temperance, looking to virtue tending to purity of life and to faith in God and obedience to His laws; and we are against evil of every description; and we are, in our faith and prayers against evil doers-not that we would pray for evil to come upon evil doers, but that evil doers might see the folly of their ways and the wickedness of their acts and repent of them and turn away from them. If they will not hearken and repent of their evil ways, then let them pursue their course of evil to the end, and let the judgment of God come upon them and they receive their reward according to their works. Let God judge all men. He will reward them for good or for evil according to their works. We are not here to execute judgment or to impose punishments upon our fellow men except the punishment of withdrawing from those who are unworthy our fellowship in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. We find it necessary, sometimes, to withhold fellowship from those who have turned away from the truth from the love of God and the cause of Zion-that they might not be regarded as having membership and standing with us. It is an injury to the cause of Zion for any community organization, ward, stake or branch of the Church to permit men or women to retain their membership in that ward or stake or branch, when it is known that their practices and habits are vicious and that their manner of life and unbelief are calculated to sow the seeds of apostasy, corruption and evil in the midst of the people where they dwell. It is right and proper that the line of separation should be drawn distinctly between them and the Latter-day Saints. Withdraw fellowship from them, cut them loose, let them go to the world, and let the people of the Church understand that they are not held in fellowship and that their conduct is not countenanced by the authorities of the Church.

              Now, the Lord bless you, and in the name of the Lord I bless you -this congregation, the covenant people of the Lord, just as truly as ancient Israel were the covenant people of God, for you have entered into the solemn covenant of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, that you will keep the commandments of God, that you will eschew evil and wickedness. You know what you have done; you know the nature of the covenants you have entered into before God and witnesses and before the angels of heaven; and, therefore, you have entered into the bond of the new and everlasting covenant and are indeed the covenant people of God in the latter days. Therefore, what manner of people ought we to be; what manner of individuals should we be? Should we not set an example worthy of our profession? Should we not live pure lives? Should we not be upright, virtuous, honest, God-fearing and God-loving in our souls every day of our lives and in every position in which we may be called to act; ought we not to set an example for good? Ought we not to be Christ-like, manly, true to every principle of the Gospel, and honorable out in the world and at home so that no man can justly point at us the finger of scorn or of condemnation? That is indeed the kind of people we ought to be. God help us to be such is my prayer, in the name of Jesus. Amen.

              1908-October 4-CR, October, 1908, pp. 64-65.

              RESOLUTION

              Believing in the words and teachings of President Joseph F. Smith, as set forth this morning on the subject of temperance, it is proposed, therefore, that all officers and members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will do all in their power, that can properly be done, with lawmakers generally to have such laws enacted by our legislature, soon to be elected, as may be necessary to close saloons, otherwise decrease the sale of liquor and enact what is known as the "Sunday Law."

              On motion, the immense congregation voted in favor of the resolution submitted, proclaiming "aye" in a unanimous shout.  {1908-October 4-CR, October, 1908, pp. 2-9.} (45)

 

-- During 1908

(B. H. Roberts) Roberts's weakness for alcohol seems to have put another barrier between him and other members of the Council. In 1908 Seymour B. Young recorded that Roberts "has been many times much worse for liquor in so much that his brethren of the council have had to take up a labor with him." (14)

 

-- Jan 5, 1909

Apostle John Henry Smith writes in his diary, "Ten of the Twelve and six of the seven Presidents of the Seventy met and talked over the Word of Wisdom. All agreed to live it." (11)

 

-- Jan 26, 1909

First Presidency letter: "Where elderly people may be found to be more or less lacking in their observance of the Word of Wisdom, and the question of their worthiness to be "commended to the temple comes before your consideration, it is in order for [the bishop] and the Stake Presidency to consider together all such cases, deciding each on its own merits, and showing appropriate leniency to elderly people, as there can be no rigid rule for each and every case." (11)

 

-- Jan. 26, 1909

[Temple] ... This is in answer to yours of the 14th inst., asking if the use of tobacco debarred a member of the Church, single or married, from the temple. The rule of the Church on this question is that all who enter the temple should be observers of the Word of Wisdom. And the rule of the Church is also that all of its members should receive the revelation called the Word of Wisdom, and be guided by it in their lives. But in this connection we may add by way of illustration that the fulness of the gospel has been restored to us, and it is our duty to preach it to the whole world; but because of this, it does not necessarily follow that all who receive it and yield obedience to its requirements by baptism afterwards live in strict accordance to its precepts. And so it is with reference to the Word of Wisdom among the members of the Church. Where elderly people may be found to be more or less lacking in their observance of the Word of Wisdom, and the question of their worthiness to be recommended to the temple comes before you for consideration, it will be in order for you and the Stake Presidency to consider together all such cases, deciding each on its own merits, and showing appropriate leniency to elderly people, as there can be no rigid rule for each and every case. * P.S. Our idea is that the cases to be referred to the Stake President for his and your consideration are those only that you yourselves cannot feel clear to act on. [Joseph F. Smith, John R. Winder, and Anthon H. Lund to William H. Seegmiller and counselors,  Jan. 26, 1909] (40)

 

-- Wednesday, Feb 3, 1909

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 Most intense feeling is growing up in the Legislature over the question of Prohibition of the Liquor trafic.

                 My nephew Esdras Smith is very sick. (56)

 

-- Feb 11, 1909 (Thursday)

Wellsville, Cache Co., and Huntsville, Weber Co., Utah, adopted prohibition of the liquor traffic. (22)

 

-- February 16, 1909

Temperance movement and church-state relations-- Brigham Young University Library, Archives. Provo, Utah.

              Written on the letterhead of the First Presidency, this reply to the charge that the Church was engaging in politics is signed by President Smith alone. However, the statements made in it follow closely the official pronouncement of the First Presidency made in 1907 on the subject of Church and State relationships. The letter states the intention of the "leading council" of the Church to remain free from taking sides on the question of prohibition. It does restate the position taken in the October, 1908, General Conference on the subject of temperance, thus drawing the distinction between the two.

              Office of The First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Salt Lake City, Utah, Feb. 16, 1909.

              Hons. E. H. Callister, James H. Anderson, Thomas Hull. CITY.

              My Dear Friends:

              Your letter of the 15th inst. came to hand last evening. I have read it carefully and deeply regret the bitterness and injustice and hot words of which you complain. I trust that you know my heart and my loyalty to my friends and the people of our State. My fixed desire for the welfare of all our people has undergone no change; every day of my life I feel thankful for the results of the efforts of my brethren, which have brought success to the State and defeat to her enemies. But for me to enter into a discussion of the subjects referred to, or to align myself, publicly or otherwise, with either party to the contention now agitating the minds of the people, would from my point of view be exceedingly unwise.

              I am surprised at the bitterness that has been engendered the minds of many over the question of temperance, and it is extremely unfortunate that any person should drag the Church, or seek to involve her leading council into the question of prohibition either pro or con. It is, of course, universally known that the Church stands for temperance, and therefore the disposition of both parties to drag her into the fight. It seems impossible to segregate the movement of individuals holding a membership in the Church from the Church itself, although from the beginning of this movement I have strenuously endeavored to keep myself absolutely apart and aloof from the participation on either side, and I am determined to remain so.

              Let me say that in all controversies he who keeps himself cool, controls his passion and his words, endures insult, without retaliation or recrimination, is the true philosopher and will come out of the contest unscathed although he may be defeated. Speaking to my friends, as a friend, possess yourselves in patience."

              With kindest regards, believe me, Sincerely yours, (Signed) JOSEPH F. SMITH  {1909-February 16-Copy of original letter. Reed Smoot collection,} (45)

 

-- Apr 20, 1909

[Thomas A. Clawson Diary] "On Monday I had to refuse to issue a Temple recoment (Sic) to bro. A.J. Gray because of his name being on the non-Tithing payers list also, of his bad habit in smoking. This is my first refusal and I was very sorry to have to do it." (65)

 

-- Wed., Aug 18, 1909

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Denver

                 At 10 a.m. Congress convened. Prest. Thos. Walsh presiding. Resolutions were Introduced. Gifford Pinchot spoke as did John W. Noble of Missouri.

                 The Congress as a body went out to Wolhurst the Country home of President T. F. Walsh. There were 14 car loads of People. We were Royally entertained. It is a most beautifull place. Coffee, Lemonade, Sandwichs, Cake and Ice cream went the Round, all seemed most happy.... (56)

 

-- Tuesday, Sep 7, 1909

[Apostle John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 I have spent most of the day at Home. My son George is quite poorly.

                 I listened to Mayor David A. Rose of Milwauke, Wis. lecture on Temperance, he taking a stand against Prohibition and Local Option. He favored High License in the Liquor traffic. It was held in the Salt Lake Theatre. The house was fairly well filled with listeners. (56)

 

-- During 1909

(Reed Smoot) Prohibition was the burning issue in Utah. Heber J. Grant, George Albert Smith, and David O. McKay urged Utah communities to eliminate liquor. Smoot, who supported the local option, helped defeat statewide prohibition. As the only apostle opposing prohibition, he was strongly criticized by constituents. (14)

 

[Prohibition] By 1909 prohibition advocates were arguing that Utah was among less than a dozen remaining "saloon" states--that is, states which had not restricted alcohol statewide or through a local government option. That year the state legislature considered two "dry" bills. One was killed by Republican senators and the other, which passed the legislature, was vetoed by Republican Governor William Spry. (10)

 

-- Apr 5, 1910

Joseph F. Smith instructs bishops and stake presidents that payment of tithing and observance of Word of Wisdom are necessary for Mormons to obtain temple recommends. Smith also says: "Suicides who are willful should not be buried in 'temple' robes or have public funeral, but local authorities must be the judges of their state of mind when committing the act and act accordingly." (7)

 

-- Monday, Nov 21, 1910

[Second Counselor John Henry Smith Diary] San Antonio, Texas

                 The day was spent in meeting friends and Attending Committee meeting.

                 In the Evening a Banquet was given at the Hotel Gunther by the Chamber of Commerce. About three hundred guests sat down. It was a great spread. Congressmen and Governors were present and many made speaches, I among the number. We were up untill 1 a.m. A few became hilarious from drinking. (56)

 

-- Friday, May 12, 1911

[Second Counselor John Henry Smith Diary] Salt Lake City

                 The Prohibition Committee called at the Office in the morning and secured the use of the Tabernacle to speak on Temperance on Sunday. (56)

 

-- December 16, 1911

Christmas pastoral epistle-- also Deseret News, December 16, 1911.

              Again this annual Christmas message is more than a message of the birth of Christ. It is a "pastoral" epistle on the condition of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for the year 1911. ... The great victory for the temperance cause in Utah, resulting in the abolition of the liquor traffic in all the "Mormon" towns and villages, and with but few exceptions elsewhere in the state, is one of the many causes of rejoicing during the present year, and augurs well for future advancement. The progress made in the cause of education, the additions to our district and high schools and university under state direction, coupled with the splendid growth and improvement in our Church academies, colleges, normal schools and other institutions of learning, on which large sums of money have been expended, give encouragement to gifted teachers and professors, as well as to the rising generation and their parents who are imbued with the spirit of scholastic training. ... (45)

 

-- During 1911

[Prohibition] In 1911 Republicans still opposed a statewide law prohibiting alcohol, but they did go along with legislation that provided for a local option. With the local option, most rural towns passed "dry" laws, but urban centers like Salt Lake City and Ogden did not. (10)

 

-- During 1911-1916

[Utah Immigration] The short-lived (1911-1916) Jewish agricultural colony of Clarion, Sanpete County, was a rare non-Mormon settlement inhabited exclusively by Jewish immigrants, primarily from Russia, and their children. Elsewhere, immigrants often tended to concentrate in particular neighborhoods within larger communities. In Bingham Canyon alone there were the perjoratively nicknamed Greek Town, Jap Town, Bohunk Town (South Slavs), and Frog Town (French-Canadians). Ethnic community, fostered by benevolent and fraternal societies, newspapers, coffeehouses, boardinghouses, and sometimes churches, was only temporary for many groups, given the booms and busts of the mining industry which provided the major employment for many. (70)

 

-- March 15, 1913

Call for more missionaries-- Salt Lake City, Utah.

              An annual decrease in the number of missionaries going into the mission field for the three preceding years and the special needs of certain missions are noted in this appeal for missionaries. ... Each bishop, before filling out the recommendation blank, should read the instructions thereon and follow them. Of late a number of brethren have been recommended who do not observe the Word of Wisdom. We feel that brethren should live up to this requirement before they are recommended for missions, and if a brother does not observe the Word of Wisdom, his bishop should take up a labor with him before sending his name to us to receive a missionary call, as brethren have reported at this office to be set apart who were users of tobacco and in some cases strong drinks. We feel that brethren should overcome their weaknesses at home and form good habits, so that it will not be necessary for them to overcome them in the mission field and bring reproach upon the other elders as well as the Church.... (45)

 

-- December 20, 1913

Annual Christmas pastoral epistle-- also Deseret News, December 20, 1913.

              A CHRISTMAS SALUTATION FROM THE FIRST PRESIDENCY

              From the "Deseret News," December 20th, 1913

              Brethren, sisters, friends of every creed and race, with joy we greet you! ... The cause of Temperance, which has made such headway in Utah, is spreading throughout the whole country, and the Word of Wisdom, given by inspiration to the Prophet Joseph Smith, is guiding the saints at home and abroad and influencing the habits of many people of different creeds. The attendance of our delegates at national and international conventions has aided in placing our institutions before the world in their true light, and the ladies and gentlemen appointed for that purpose have been received with due courtesy and appreciation and have accomplished a noble work. ... (45)

 

-- During 1913

[Prohibition] PROHIBITION [p0000158.jpg] Decorated beer trucks in Salt Lake, 1913 (10)

 

-- October 3, 1914

Relief Society sisters and administering to the sick-- Library, Salt Lake City, Utah.

              Presidents Joseph Smith, Brigham Young and Wilford Woodruff had all issued instructions to the Church or to the sisters of the Relief Society and the Church concerning their proper role in their ministrations to the sick. The practices mentioned in this letter of 1914 had begun in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints prior to April, 1842, and had continued in the Church down to the time of this circular letter of the First Presidency, and were to continue for a brief period thereafter. ... "Respecting females administering for the healing of the sick, he further remarked, there could be no evil in it, if God gave His sanction by healing; that there could be no more sin in any female laying hands on and praying for the sick than in wetting the face with water; it is no sin for anybody to administer that has faith, or if the sick have faith to be healed by their administrations." (DHC 4:602-604) Joseph Smith continued instructions by saying that "it was according to revelation that the sick should be nursed with herbs and mild food, and not by the hand of an enemy." (Doc. & Cov. 42:43) } ... (45)

 

-- During 1914

In 1914 various temperance groups organized to form the Utah Federation of Prohibition and Betterment League. (10)

 

-- Oct 3, 1915

Joseph F. Smith preaches: "Not long ago I happened to be at the home of one of my children when the [ward] teachers came in. We called the family together and submitted ourselves to the duties of the teachers. The head teacher began by saying that he had been sent there by the bishop of the ward to inquire into the condition of the members of the family. He was instructed to inquire of them if they held family prayer, morning and evening, if they asked the blessing upon their food, at each meal. He was required by the bishop to inquire as to whether they kept the word of wisdom, as to whether they attended to their Sabbath meetings and honored the Sabbath day, as to whether those who were of age to attend the various other organizations of the Church, such as the Relief Society, the Young Men's and Young Ladies' Mutual Improvement Associations, the Sunday Schools, the Primary Associations, and the Religion Class, did so, and if they sustained in their hearts their bishop and his counselors and were united in feeling and sentiment with them, and if they were in harmony in their feelings and sentiment with the presidency of their stake....." (7)

 

-- Dec. 28, 1915

[Temple] Young men or middle aged men who have had experience in the Church should not be ordained to the Priesthood nor recommended to the privileges of the House of the Lord unless they will abstain from the use of tobacco and intoxicating drinks. This is the rule of the Church and should be observed by all its members. [Joseph F. Smith to C. Elmo Cluff,  Dec. 28, 1915] (40)

 

-- During 1915

[Deseret] Utah passes first state anti-marijuana law. (71)

 

-- April 8, 1916

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] Several people had remarked that they knew President Smith would not consent to any notice of the betterment league meeting being given out at the special Priesthood meeting. It is simply outrageous to me that some are trying to create a sentiment that President Smith is not in favor of prohibition and the banishment of liquor from our state. I wrote on a slip of paper the following: "Brother J.M. Whitaker appealed to me to give out notice of our betterment league meeting at 4:30 today. Shall be glad to do so if there are no objections."  President Smith answered: "There certainly are no objections." I dont (Sic) care to use it for publication but after I got through preaching a red-hot prohibition sermon at our Conference he expressed his approval, with all I said and stated that he regretted I had not gone on and taken more time. (59)

 

-- During 1916

[Prohibition] By 1916 the Republican party had adopted prohibition as part of its national platform. Utah Republican leaders followed the national lead and included a dry plank in the state Republican platform. During the state Republican party convention, Governor William Spry was defeated for renomination by Nephi L. Morris, whose record in support of prohibition was untarnished. Democrats also included a prohibition plank in their platform and nominated for Governor Simon Bamberger, a non-Mormon, German-born Jew who had voluntarily ended the sale of alcoholic beverages at his Lagoon resort and who offered to pay $1,000 for a portrait of any better prohibitionist than he. (10)

 

-- May 27, 1917

[Apostle Heber J. Grant Diary] Related some personal experiences regarding the benefits of example. Told of the excommunication of Lorenzo D. Young because of breaking the Word of Wisdom. Related my experience as a young child in attending family prayers in the Lion House; stated that on more than one occasion I had opened my eyes and looked around, when President Young was praying, to see if the Lord was not standing there, because it seemed as though President Young were talking to him. (59)

 

-- Aug 1, 1917

[Prohibition] In his first message to the state legislature, newly elected Governor Bamberger identified enactment of prohibition legislation as the first duty of the legislature. Contending prohibition bills were introduced during the session. One, modeled on an Oklahoma law, called for a prohibition commissioner to enforce the law, banned all beverages containing in excess of one-half of one percent alcohol by volume, and allowed, under certain circumstances, for the search and seizure of alcoholic beverages without a search warrant. The other bill provided for enforcement by the governor and attorney general through the existing law enforcement system, raised the allowable alcohol content to two percent, and did not provide exceptions to the need for a search warrant. An uneasy compromise was passed with only one dissenting vote. The compromise legislation retained the one-half of one percent limit, but did not include the prohibition commissioner or the exceptions for search warrants. The law, signed by Governor Bamberger, went into effect on 1 August 1917. The law recognized that some products containing alcohol were legitimate; they included patented medicines, flavoring extracts, pure grain alcohol for scientific and industrial purposes, and sacramental wines. (10)

 

-- During 1917

[Prohibition] The prohibition movement called for the adoption of laws to prohibit the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The adoption of prohibition in Utah followed a course that paralleled that of other states throughout the nation in many respects and yet encountered issues and obstacles that were unique to Utah. Utah did not enact prohibition legislation until 1917, when it became the twenty-fourth state to adopt statewide prohibition; however, since most of the other twenty-four states already had passed local option laws, Utah was one of the last states to pass legislation regulating the manufacture and consumption of alcohol. (10)

 

-- During 1917 to 1933

[Prohibition] Although both Utah law and the U.S. Constitution outlawed alcohol, it was still produced, sold, and consumed during the period of prohibition from 1917 to 1933, and public officials were often frustrated in their attempts to enforce the law. As what had been the legitimate businesses became illegal, the enterprises became part of an underground institution of bootleggers and speakeasies. People in many different occupations were identified with the illegal trade. In their study of prohibition in southeastern Utah, Jody Bailey and Robert S. McPherson found that "Mormons and gentiles, miners and cowboys, farmers and businessmen, Mexicans and Navajos all trafficked in liquor." Many, but certainly not all the violators of prohibition were immigrants from southern and eastern Europe for whom moderate alcohol consumption was a long-established way of life. In some communities, even local law enforcement officers were involved in the illegal alcohol business. (10)

 

-- September 21, 1919

Peace Treaty-Restoration of the Gospel-- This discourse of President Heber J. Grant, given in the Salt Lake Tabernacle at the Salt Lake Stake Conference on the ninety-sixth anniversary of the visit of the Angel Moroni to Joseph Smith, is reproduced here .... Subsequently my own wife, the mother of the baby to which I have referred, upon one occasion when I came home at 1 or 2 o'clock in the morning, having been working early and late trying to meet the interest on my obligations, read me a lecture about breaking the Word of Wisdom. She said to me: "You'd better drink tea or coffee, or even use tobacco, rather than sit up all night working. You are breaking the Word of Wisdom." Finally she stopped suddenly, and by the gift of tongues she made a prediction and several wonderful promises, among others that I should live to pay all my obligations. This was at a time when my friends were begging me to take the bankruptcy act. Among other things she promised that I should live to lift up my voice in many lands and in many climes, proclaiming the gospel. Since then I have lifted up my voice in the Hawaiian Islands, in Japan, in Great Britain, Belgium, Holland, the three Scandinavian countries, in Canada, in Mexico, and in almost every state in the Union of the United States, proclaiming that I know that God lives, proclaiming that I know that Jesus is the Christ, that Joseph Smith was a prophet of the true and the living God. I have done this in fulfilment of a promise made on my head by my wife, whose body now lies in the tomb, who made this promise years before it came to pass. I will not take up further time on that article of our faith. ... (45)

 

-- During 1919

(Reed Smoot) Smoot complained that Heber J. Grant had publicly referred to him as "his royal nibs." The Senator vehemently declared that no man "ever saw me take a drink of liquor in a saloon or anywhere else," and offered to resign his apostleship. President Joseph F. Smith soothed Smoot's feelings, assuring him "that his personal course was understood and approved, but would not be publicly supported." President Smith advised Smoot to "be patient and understanding with his more rabid brethren."... (14)

 

[Prohibition] Persons could be convicted under the law for consuming, manufacturing, or selling alcohol. Newspaper reporters estimated that the law would affect four thousand persons in Salt Lake City alone who were dependent on the liquor business. As 1 August approached, liquor was sold at bargain prices and finally given away at any price. The Salt Lake Tribune estimated that hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of liquor were acquired and stored in the cellars of Salt Lake residents, while the Deseret News maintained that prohibition "will be the greatest blessing we have known since Christ." National advocates like evangelist Billy Sunday believed that prohibition would solve all of the country's social and economic problems. The movement grew, and in 1919 the Utah State Legislature joined with forty-five other states to ratify the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. (10)

 

-- Jan 16, 1920

The Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution goes into effect, prohibiting the manufacture, production, and sale of alcohol. President Heber J. Grant, a fervent supporter of the amendment, believes it is divinely mandated because it outlaws items forbidden by the Word of Wisdom. (72)

 

-- Jun 22, 1921

The PROVO HERALD reports: "Dancing of a standard far worse than anything permitted in New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles [was] witnessed at dance halls near Provo. . . . Some eastern people with us were shocked at the dancing permitted at the resort. . . . I have seen a great deal of intoxication at dancing resorts in the county. . . . The obnoxious dancing positions are not graceful. Jazz music must be prohibited." (7)

 

-- October 12, 1921

...The First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Salt Lake City, Utah Oct. 12, 1921. Hon. Reed Smoot, United States Senate, Washington, D.C.

              Dear Brother Smoot:

              Upon my return to this City from the East, I find your letter of Sept. 20th upon my desk. I am glad to learn that in your opinion the Volstead Beer Bill will be passed by the Senate within a very short time. I shall convey this information to Mr. Wheeler. ... (45)

 

-- May 27, 1922

Respect for law-- the Elders' Journal 18-19:490, June 6, 1922.

              The notice indicates a national condition which Oscar Handlin, American historian, has characterized by: "The lack of discipline left many individuals disoriented and uncontrolled The increase in delinquency of various types was one of the results. Gangs of racketeers controlled vice, gambling and the illegal traffic in liquor under prohibition. " (America, p. 827.)

              IMPORTANT CHURCH NOTICE It appearing that there is a growing need in the nation today for a greater regard and reverence for the law of the land, the disregard and irreverence for which can only bring ultimate chaos and the breaking down of our most sacred institutions, and deeming it proper and advisable at this time to call the attention of our people everywhere to the necessity for strict obedience to the law, we issue this notice to Stake Presidencies, Bishoprics of Wards, Presidencies and Superintendencies of auxiliary organizations, and to the Latter-day Saints generally, that the week commencing June 18, 1922, is hereby set aside to be devoted by the various organizations of the Church to a consideration of the subject of obedience to and enforcement of law; and we trust that our people will heed the words of counsel, admonition and advice that shall be given them, and so order their lives that the communities in which they live may maintain the high standards of government and liberty for which the Church has stood from its very beginning.

              HEBER J. GRANT, CHARLES W. PENROSE, ANTHONY W. IVINS, First Presidency.  {1922-May 27-Deseret News, May 27, 29, 1922; Liahona,} (45)

 

-- October, 1922

Law enforcement and primary elections-- An editorial accompanying the publication of this notice, written by Edward H. Anderson, indicates "that efforts are brewing to have the legislature repeal the anti-cigarette lawÃÂ. Voters will do well to heed the counsel of the First Presidency."

              SPECIAL NOTICE

              The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is taking a positive stand in favor of the enforcement of the laws in support of peace and good order, whether national or local. Hearing that efforts are being made among the people of this state to prevent the enforcement of such laws, also to procure the repeal of some of the statutes of Utah enacted especially for the public benefit, we hereby request the Presidents of Stakes and Bishops of Wards to impress upon the citizens of this state the importance of attending the Primaries for the choice of delegates to the convention, and upon all persons of influence to aid in the election of members to the legislature and to offices in the different counties, persons who will aid in upholding and executing such laws, and in defeating efforts to obstruct or hinder their enforcement. HEBER J. GRANT, CHARLES W. PENROSE, ANTHONY W. IVINS, First Presidency.  {1922-October-Improvement Era 25:1116, October, 1922.} (45)

 

-- August 3, 1923

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] President Moroni Lazenby of the North Sevier Staked called and discussed sending young men on missions who were users of tobacco, believing that they would reform in the missionfield. I told him I doubted the advisability of taking chances on their corrupting the good lives of those who were observers of the Word of Wisdom; told him, however, if he would write me a letter suggesting that we call young men subject to their first reforming, that perhaps we would do this. (59)

 

-- Between 1923 and 1932

[Prohibition] Between 1923 and 1932, Utah law enforcement officials uncovered 448 distilleries, 702 stills, thousands of pieces of distilling apparatus, 47,000 gallons of spirits, malt liquor, wine, and cider, and 332,000 gallons of mash. Yet this was only a small percentage of what was actually being produced, as practically every community and every neighborhood in the larger cities housed an illegal still. One of the easiest types of bootleg alcohol to produce was known as sugar whiskey. It required a 100-pound bag of sugar, a sack of cornmeal and a sack of yeast, which were mixed together and boiled in fifty-gallon drums. (10)

 

-- May 17, 1930

International Hygiene exposition at Dresden, Germany, includes LDS exhibit on Word of Wisdom. This is church's first formal participation in national or international exposition. In 1933, church has exhibit which includes sculptures by Avard Fairbanks in Hall of Religion at Century of Progress Exposition in Chicago. In 1935 church has its first exhibit building at California-Pacific International Exposition in San Diego. (7)

 

The Church participates in the first national/international exposition when the International Hygiene Exposition at Dresden, Germany, includes an LDS exhibit on the Word of Wisdom. (72)

 

-- During 1930

The Church‘s health code (Word of Wisdom) is featured in Dresden, Germany at the International Hygiene Exposition attracting 5,000 people each day and distributing 250,000 missionary pamphlets. (73)

 

-- April 2, 1931

Harmful effects of cigarette habit-- Salt Lake City, Utah.

              This message was directed specifically to the harmful effects of the use of tobacco. The final paragraph commends the Auxiliary organizations of the Church for their efforts in showing the evil effects of tobacco. The Auxiliaries and the Department of Education of the Church published a pamphlet giving more details on the harmful effects of the cigarette habit.

              FROM THE FIRST PRESIDENCY, THE OFFICERS OF THE AUXILIARY ORGANIZATIONS AND THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

              Salt Lake City, Utah, April 2, 1931

              It is now nearly one hundred years since the Lord, through Joseph Smith, gave to the Saints what is known as the Word of Wisdom-a revelation "To be sent greeting; not by commandment or constraint, but by revelation and the Word of Wisdom, showing forth the order and will of God in the temporal salvation of all Saints in the last days-given for a principle with promise, adapted to the capacity of the weak and the weakest of all Saints, who are or can be called Saints."

              The Church has constantly urged its members to follow "the will of God" with respect to the use of tobacco, and, we believe, with gratifying success; but never before have the emissaries of the tobacco interests been so active as now in the endeavor to fasten the cigarette habit upon our boys and girls. These words of the revelation, therefore, seem especially significant: "Behold, verily, thus saith the Lord unto you: In consequence of evils and designs which do and will exist in the hearts of conspiring men in the last days, I have warned you, and forewarn you, by giving you this Word of Wisdom by revelation."

              In view of the present conditions we feel constrained to call upon all Saints to be faithful in observing the warning contained in this revelation, that they may enjoy the wonderful promises made by the Lord to those who walk in obedience to His commandments.

              We commend the efforts of the Auxiliaries and other agencies in showing the evil effects of the cigarette habit, and by overcoming these powerful and insidious influences with moral suasion and religious conversion. HEBER J. GRANT, ANTHONY W. IVINS, CHARLES W. NIBLEY, First Presidency.  {1931-April 2-Original leaflet. Church Historian's Library,} (45)

 

-- Apr 2, 1932

Church began reemphasis on living the Word of Wisdom, launching a campaign against the use of tobacco. (74)

 

-- Apr 2,1932

[Utah] Heber J. Grant launches campaign against use of tobacco as part of his emphasis on observing Word of Wisdom by total abstinence from alcohol, tobacco, tea and coffee. Previously, Section 89 was not regarded as a commandment nor was it interpreted as simply abstaining from four specific substances. (53)

 

-- April 18, 1932

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] .... I told him I proposed to resign from the Commercial Club on account of their action in petitioning for 2.75 beer. He plead with me not to do so. I told him I considered it a personal insult for them to presume to mix up in a great political and moral question, that it was business they were supposed to be looking after.' (59)

 

-- May 5,1932

[Utah] Apostle Stephen L. Richards tells First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve that he will resign as apostle rather than apologize for his general conference talk which says church is putting too much emphasis on Word of Wisdom. He later confesses his error to Heber J. Grant on 26 may and retains his position. (53)

 

-- September, 1932

Church position on Prohibition-- Writing of temperance and prohibition, Oscar Handlin, American historian, has said:

              "Local option and statewide prohibition had already dried up a good part of the country by the time the Eighteenth Amendment was ratified in 1919. By 1928, the conflict between wets and dry, had become one of the central issues of American politics." (America, p. 828.)

              Joseph Fielding Smith, Church Historian, in 1935 wrote:

              "In the year 1918, the people of the United States amended the Constitution of the United States prohibiting the manufacture, possession and sale of liquor. Immediately following this action the liquor interests of the country commenced a vigorous campaign to bring about the repeal of this amendment. In the general election of 1933, enough states voted for repeal to make such action effective. Utah, contrary to the wishes of the General Authorities of the Church, joined with the majority of the states in demanding repeal, and the Beehive state held the doubtful, if not disgraceful, position of being the thirty-sixth state of the union to hold a constitutional convention and thus brought about ratification of repeal." (ECH, p. 644, 1935 edition.)

              The statement below, issued under the authority of the First Presidency and the Council of the Twelve, makes three things clear: (1) The General Authorities were in "complete sympathy" with the purpose of Prohibition; (2) the Eighteenth Amendment was still the law of the land and should be obeyed; (3) the General Authorities would not become involved in political controversy over the issue.

              PROHIBITION-HOW WE STAND

              Current agitation of the liquor question gives to it a place of foremost importance in popular consideration. Friends and opponents of the Prohibition laws are engaged in a titanic struggle for the supremacy of their respective views. The issues presented are and ought to be of deep interest to every citizen of the country. They are likewise of serious interest to members of the Church as such, because the question involved concerns very intimately the personal moral welfare of the men and women and youth of the Nation and of the Church in the Nation. Nothing that touches the moral welfare of the people is without consequence in our religious philosophy.

              With such a premise for justification of the public expression of our views on this question, we unitedly issue this statement.

              The Eighteenth Amendment, prohibiting the manufacture and sale of spirituous liquors, is part and parcel of the Constitution of the United States. It will so remain until it shall be, if ever, abrogated by voice of the people, as provided by law. The processes provided for the repeal of an amendment to the Constitution of necessity require long periods of time for their consummation. While there is much public agitation to set these processes in motion, it should be clearly understood that the question of repeal is not now, and perchance may not be hereafter, placed before the American people for their official expression. Even if the proponents for repeal are ultimately successful in their endeavor to have the question legally placed before the States for determining action, much time will likely elapse before such a definite issue can be presented for popular or legislative vote.

              Meanwhile we do not hesitate to give the emphatic counsel that it is the unqualified duty of every citizen to continue loyally to support the Eighteenth Amendment and the laws of Congress in relation thereto. The officers of the Government who are charged with the responsibility of maintaining this particular law should have the help and encouragement of every person who enjoys citizenship under our Constitution. There can be no justification under our system of government for violation of this law nor for tolerance in its violation.

              The Church is so firmly committed to the maintenance and support of the governments in which its members have citizenship that it must regard violations of the law of the land as serious infractions of its own discipline and principles of Church government. We believe that any other position is untenable, either for ourselves as Church members or for other citizens of the Republic. We believe also that there is no better way to adequately test the value and ultimate worth of a law or principle than by strict and universal enforcement.

              With the purpose of the Prohibition measures we have complete sympathy. They were designed to promote the cause of temperance and ultimately to bring about complete abstinence from intoxicating liquors. The position of the Church with reference to the use of intoxicants and other body poisons is well known. We do not need to restate it here.

              It is not our desire to become involved in political controversy. In fact, we wish it distinctly understood that the aid of the Church or of ourselves as officials of it is not available to any candidate or party. We do feel at liberty, however, to stand for and strongly to encourage the enforcement of the laws of our Country and to support any and all officials who honestly endeavor to administer them. It is our earnest hope that the members of the Church may be foremost among the citizens of the Country in living and otherwise encouraging and fortifying the maintenance of our laws under the Constitution of the Nation.

              The First Presidency and Council of the Twelve of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  {1932-September-Improvement Era 35:642, September, 1932.} (45)

 

-- February 11, 1933

Centennial commemoration of revelation on Word of Wisdom-- February 11, 1933.

              A notice calling for the centennial commemoration of the giving to Joseph Smith of the revelation known as The Word of Wisdom. NOTICE On Monday, February 27, 1933, it will be 100 years since the revelation known as the Word of Wisdom was received by the Prophet Joseph Smith. We call this to the attention of the stake and ward officers with the hope that they will commemorate this great event by a discussion of the subject matter of this revelation in all services on Sunday, February 26. HEBER J. GRANT, ANTHONY W. IVINS, First Presidency.  {1933-February 11-Deseret News, Church Section, p. 1,} (45)

 

-- Feb 21, 1933

The Church began a six-day commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the Word of Wisdom revelation with special observances in every ward. (75)

 

-- During February 1933

[Prohibition] In 1919 Utah quickly ratified the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibiting "the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquor-- for beverage purposes." But in February 1933 Utah became the thirty-sixth and deciding state to approve the Twenty-first Amendment abolishing prohibition through repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. (10)

 

-- March 20, 1933

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] I called at the State Capitol and told Governor Henry G. Blood that I would not feel to condemn him if he saw fit to sign the bill allowing beer to be manufactured in Utah to be exported outside of Utah. Neither would I condemn him if he signed the other bill. I did not tell him I hoped he would veto the cigaret (sic) bill but I certainly do. I am harassed with doubts as to whether or not he should sign the other. If he doesn't sign the bill permitting the manufacture of beer for exportation it means ruin for Mr. Becker, who has been absolutely fair since the time of the Eighteenth Amendment, and I do not think has manufacutred (sic) a drop of alcoholic liquors to sell. He cannot hope to sell Becco and other soft drinks if beer is permissible. He read me a couple of letters from Richard R. Lyman that annoyed me very much, because they intimated that Brother Blood would be untrue to his religion and everything else if he did not sign these bills. (59)

 

-- May 24, 1933

President Heber J. Grant's address on Prohibition-- In connection with this letter of the President of the Church to the editor of the Church Section of the Deseret News, see the statement of the First Presidency and The Council of the Twelve on Prohibition under a date of September, 1932, earlier in this volume. The notes there supplied will give historical background for this letter.

              ON PROHIBITION

              May 24, 1933. Elder Henry Smith, Editor Church Section, Deseret News, City.

              Dear Brother Smith:

              Instead of having my secretary transcribe one of the many sermons delivered by me while visiting the various stakes, to be published in Saturday's News, I have concluded to hand you for publication-and I enclose herewith-an address entitled "Prohibition," which was printed in the book, "A Late Harvest," by Charles W. Elliot; printed by the Atlantic Monthly Press at Boston in 1924. The address was given before The Economic Club of Boston, March 6, 1923, and reprinted from "The Concensus," official organ of the National Economic League. The italics in the speech are mine. I do not endorse all that President Elliot says.

              I am also sending you a statement regarding Alcohol, from the pen of Robert G. Ingersoll.

              I think that during the present agitation for the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment these two articles are as appropriate as any of my recent sermons could possibly be. Sincerely your brother, HEBER J. GRANT.  {1933-May 24-Deseret News, May 27, 1933.} (45)

 

-- Jun 22, 1933

First Presidency and apostles decide that "the Church as an organization could not take part in the campaign for the repeal of the 18th Amendment since this [is] a partisan political question. It [is] hoped however that all L.D.S. would vote against repeal [of national Prohibition]." Thirty-five years later, LDS hierarchy reverses this decision and participates actively in campaign against liquor-by-the-drink in Utah as "moral issue." (7)

 

-- 1933. July 27

(James E. Talmage) : Died at seventy-one of a throat infection complicated by overwork into acute myocarditis. He had stayed in his office at 47 East South Temple overnight July 23, suffering from a slightly irritated throat which was not relieved by his favorite drink, root beer. He remained in his office on the 24th, but on the 25th was so ill he required help getting home. (14)

 

-- Dec 9,1933

[Utah] Church News article "Mormonism in The New Germany," enthusiastically emphasizes parallels "between the LDS Church and some of the ideas and policies of the National Socialists." First, Nazis have introduced "Fast Sunday." Second, "it is a very well known fact that Hitler observes a form of living which Mormons term the Word of Wisdom. Finally, due to the importance given to the racial question by Nazis and the almost necessity of proving that one's grandmother was not a Jewess, there no longer is resistance against genealogical research by German Mormons who now have received letters of encouragement complimenting them for their patriotism." (53)

 

-- December 30, 1933

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] I had a talk with President Ivins and told him I was in favor of all of the General Authorities resigning as directors of the Utah Hotel, because I felt they would simply have to sell beer and it would be better for us to be out of it. He did not agree with me. We decided to call a directors meeting, however, for Tuesday to decide just what to do with regard to selling legalized beer. (59)

 

-- January 2, 1934

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] My brother B.F. Grant [of the Deseret News] called with a page advertisement for beer and wanted to know whether or not he should accept it. (59)

 

-- January 3, 1934

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] Richard W. Madsen called and said he hoped we would not issue a license to an individual to handle beer in the Hotel Utah but have the license issued to the hotel itself.

               (59)

 

-- Apr. 19, 1934

[Temple] ... Bishops are authorized to issue temple recommends to all faithful members of the Melchizedek Priesthood and adult women members of their wards. Recommends for the performance of the ordinance of baptism for the dead may also be issued to exemplary young people. Recommends must be countersigned by the president of the stake. It is important that all those who may desire to enter the temple for endowments or other ordinances, should observe the law of tithing. The applicant should also observe all other principles of the Gospel, should keep the Word of Wisdom, not use profanity, should not join nor be a member of any secret oath-bound organization and should sustain without reservation the general and local authorities of the church. The privileges of the temple should come as a reward for faithful and diligent service. ... [George F. Richards diary,  Apr. 19, 1934] (40)

 

-- March 1, 1935

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] At 8:30 Robert L. Judd called with President Calder of Vernal and Brother O.C. Bowman, member of the Utah State Senate, and I assured them that any statements made that the Church was trying to get laws so that liquor could be sold in the Utah Hotel were not true, that the Church officials are unanimous in favor of no liquor being sold in hotels and restaurants. I hope these brethren will use their influence to head off legislation in favor of saloons, drug stores and restaurants selling whiskey. (59)

 

-- March 20, 1935

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] The editorial in the News last night I consider very wishy-washy, and the headlines about city officials not believing that the liquor law would be inforced (sic), I consider an outrage pure and simple because the interviews, with the exception of one little interview of three lines with all the people whose views they published were to the effect that the law should be inforced (sic). (59)

 

-- March 22, 1935

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] Sister Levi Edgar Young called and made serious complaints about Brother Widtsoe's criticism of her husband. Denied that they had ever served tea in their home except on one occasion when one of her daughters was entertaining some school girls. She acknowledged that that was a mistake, but any statement that her husband had brewed tea at the university and drank it was a falsehood. I couldn't quote the charges that have been made against him because they are second-hand. (59)

 

-- April 4, 1935

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] Alvin Beesley, and a son of Charles C. Richards called and made an appeal for Mrs. Franklin Roosevelt, the President's wife, to speak over the radio during Conference. I told them, not much, that I had no confidence in Mrs. Roosevelt, and that I had no confidence in the New Deal, that I thought the foundation to repeal the Eighteenth Amendment, namely to have whiskey, was a rotten foundation and that there was nothing but failure for it in the end. This is the first time I have expressed myself so plainly regarding what I think is one of the most outrageous things that have ever happened to have as a basis for winning the election the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. They claim more drunkenness since they got the Eighteenth Amendment than before, all of which is a falsehood. Since the repeal I have seen more drunkenness in the past six months than I saw in all the years that prohibition was in force. (59)

 

-- Jun 10, 1935

[U.S. Religious History] Alcoholic's Anonymous was founded in Akron, Ohio. (1)

 

-- August 15, 1935

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] At 4:30 President McKay and I had a meeting with Brother Hugh B. Brown. We feel that his suggestion that he resign his position as President of the Granite Stake in view of his position with the State Liquor Board is the proper thing. He has our perfect confidence and we believe will do a good work in charge of liquor distribution. It is a curse to everybody that touches it, but we believe it will be controlled better by a splended (sic) man like Brother Brown at the head of it. It is a disagreeable job and it is hardly consistent for him to preside over a stake and take care of that work at the same time. We thought his suggestion that he be retired is the proper thing. (59)

 

-- During 1935

(Hugh B. Brown) Appointed chairman of Utah's first liquor commission: "We must find a condition that will not be ideal for the bootleggers. … I had a lot of experience with this in Alberta… and with that background and experience and observation, I am unalterably opposed to the licensing system and in favor of state control." (14)

 

-- During 1935 to 1937

[Hugh B. Brown] He also formed a lifelong allegiance with the Democratic party, which led to an unsuccessful run for political office and an unpleasant term of service as first chairman of Utah's Liquor Control Commission from 1935 to 1937. (76)

 

-- During 1935

[Prohibition] The violence accompanying prohibition, the rise of gangs and gangland warfare in large cities like Chicago, the failure of the Eighteenth Amendment to end alcohol consumption, the realization that prohibition would not solve the nation's social and economic problems, and the crisis of the Great Depression were all factors that led to the repeal of prohibition. However, repeal did not bring a return to the old practice of open and unregulated sale of liquor. In 1935 the state of Utah began selling liquor through state-operated stores, a practice that has continued to the present. (10)

 

-- During 1936

(Fawn M. Brodie) They had met in the student cafeteria: "Because I was tall and could easily be seen, and because I needed work to help pay school expenses, I was given a special job at the University of Chicago cafeteria. I carried a big coffee pot and poured second cups of coffee. When I poured an extra cup for Bernie, he gave me two red carnations. He brought me flowers every day for the next six weeks, when we were married." (14)

 

-- April 26, 1937

Evils of Alcohol-- The Eighteenth Amendment had been repealed four years earlier, "contrary to the wishes of the General Authorities of the Church." (See ECH, 1935 ed., p. 644.)

              By this letter, the First Presidency authorized a campaign to combat the evils of the use of alcohol, such campaign to be spearheaded by the Council of the Twelve. In the letter, they state that "Total abstinence is the best means of securing, maintaining and enforcing prohibition of intoxicating liquors; and abstinence and self-control are fostered by educationÃÂ. "

              FROM THE FIRST PRESIDENCY

              April 26, 1937. President Rudger Clawson and Members of the Council of the Twelve.

              Dear Brethren:

              In your communication of March 18, 1937, you say that you have given consideration to methods of combating the increasing trend toward the use of alcohol and other intoxicating beverages even among members of our Church, and, as a result of your study, you offer eight definite recommendations which we approve as follows:

              1. You may proceed to organize a campaign throughout the Church against the use of alcoholic beverages. We suggest, however, that while you major your attention against the use of alcohol in particular, that you continue to lay special emphasis upon the evils that follow the use of the cigarette and other forms of tobacco.

              2. We commend your plan to make this campaign a project for all the Priesthood quorums, both Melchizedek and Aaronic, charging the quorums with the responsibility of (a) keeping their own members free from the vice of using alcohol and tobacco and (b) assisting all others to do likewise.

              3. Consult the Presiding Bishopric with a view of securing their cooperation and that of the Aaronic Priesthood in the carrying out of the proposed program.

              4. Auxiliary organizations should give to the Priesthood quorums such help in the campaign as may be consistently requested of them by Priesthood quorums.

              5. The preparation and distribution to the various quorums of report blanks upon which shall be recorded, at times designated, the progress of the quorums in the elimination of drinking among their members, will be a helpful and contributive factor in the success of this project.

              6. Regarding officers of quorums disciplining weak and recalcitrant members who persist in the use of intoxicants, we suggest that you emphasize the importance of getting these recalcitrant members into some activity through which they may gain strength to overcome their weakness. The skill of true leadership is shown not in disfellowshipment or excommunication, but in conversion.

              7. Providing the quorums with literature, moving and sound pictures and production machines, and any other facilities and material, we most heartily endorse. We commend you for taking advantage of the moving picture and sound production machines as educational factors in this project.

              8. We cannot think of the nature of the campaign you propose being anything else but educational and spiritual. This it should be in the truest sense of the word. It should not and must not be tinctured with political or partisan issues.

              Slogans are battle cries, and are truly effective when the heat of a campaign justifies their use. When repeated listlessly without spirit behind them, they become worse than ineffective. We suggest that you consider very carefully the advisability of choosing a slogan.

              We commend you for your desire to adopt effective measures to counteract the growing evil of intemperance and cigarette smoking, particularly among the young people of our Church. Total abstinence is the best means of securing, maintaining and enforcing prohibition of intoxicating liquors; and abstinence and self-control are fostered by education and true enlightenment regarding the evils of alcohol and tobacco.

              May the Lord bless your efforts to the good of the young people of the Church, the State, and the Nation, we remain.

              Sincerely your brethren, HEBER J. GRANT, DAVID O. MCKAY, First Presidency.  {1937-April 26-Improvement Era 40:105, February, 1937.} (45)

 

-- January 8, 1938

[President Heber J. Grant Diary] This evening at 6:30 I was at the Lion House at a banquet given in honor of George Albert Smith. ... I made brief remarks and told the joke about the two drunkards at the time George Albert Smith was sustained an apostle, one drunkard asked the other if he would like to know his opinion of the new apostle, and he said Yes, and the answer was "There are too d----d many Smiths." The other said "Do you want my opinion of your opinion: Well, it is my opinion of your opinion that the Lord doesn't give a damn for your opinion." (59)

 

-- January, 1939

Anti-Liquor-Tobacco Campaign-- President Heber J. Grant commended the anti-liquor-tobacco campaign being conducted by the Council of the Twelve and recommended the program to all stake, ward and priesthood quorums. (Compiler's resume.)  {1939-January-Improvement Era 42:7, January, 1939.} (45)

 

-- Sept. 5, 1940

...  No person should be given a recommend to the Temple who does not uphold the General Authorities of the Church; who is not an honest tithepayer or who does not undertake to become an honest tithe payer, as distinguished from a part tithepayer or a token payer; who does not either observe the Word of Wisdom or express a willingness to undertake to observe the Word of Wisdom; and who is not otherwise fully worthy by believing in and living the Gospel. ... [ George F. Richards diary,  Sept. 5, 1940] (40)

 

-- October 3, 1942

General epistle of the First Presidency to the Saints in every land-- October 13, 1942.

              President Heber J. Grant had suffered partial paralysis in 1940. His mind, however, was clear and active. As in the April 1942 Conference, the message of the First Presidency was read by President Clark. ....  Drink and the Word of Wisdom

              The world is smitten, nigh unto death, with great and grevious tribulations, following the commission of cardinal sins.

              Over the earth, and it seems particularly in America, the demon drink is in control. Drunken with strong drink, men have lost their reason; their counsel has been destroyed; their judgment and vision are fled; they reel forward to destruction.

              Drink brings cruelty into the home; it walks arm in arm with poverty; its companions are disease and plague; it puts chastity to flight; it knows neither honesty nor fair dealing; it is a total stranger to truth; it drowns conscience; it is the bodyguard of evil; it curses all who touch it.

              Drink has brought more woe and misery, broken more hearts, wrecked more homes, committed more crimes, filled more coffins, than all the wars the world has suffered.

              Therefore, we thank the faithful Saints for their observance of the Word of Wisdom, for their putting aside of drink. The Lord is pleased with you. You have been a bulwark of strength to this people and to the world. Your influence has been for righteousness. The Lord will not forget your good works when you stand before Him in judgment. He has blessed and will continue to bless you with the blessings He promised to those who obey this divine law of health. We invoke the mercies of the Lord upon you that you may continue strong in spirit, to cast off temptation and continue teachers to the youth of Zion by word and deed.

              But so great is the curse of drink that we should not be held guiltless did we not call upon all offending Saints to forsake it and banish it from their lives forever.

              God has spoken against drink in our day, and has given to this, the Lord's own Church, a specific revelation concerning it, as a word of wisdom by revelation-

              "That inasmuch as any man drinketh wine or strong drink among you, behold it is not good, neither meet in the sight of your Father . . .

              "And, again, strong drinks are not for the belly, but for the washing of your bodies."-(D&C 89:5, 7.)

              This declares the divine wisdom. It is God's law of health, and is binding upon each and every one of us. We cannot escape its operation, for it is based upon eternal truth. Men may agree or disagree about this word of the Lord; if they agree, it adds nothing; if they disagree, it means nothing. Beyond His word we cannot reach, and it is enough for every Latter-day Saint, willing and trying to follow divine guidance.

              For more than half a century President Grant has on every appropriate occasion admonished the Saints touching their obligation to keep the Word of Wisdom. He has told them what it means to them in matters of health, quoting the words of the Lord thereon. He has pointed out that treasures of knowledge, even hidden knowledge, would come to those who lived the law. He has, over and over again, shown what it would mean financially to every member who would keep the law, what it would mean financially to our people, and what it would mean financially to a nation. He has told us what it would mean in ending human woes, misery, sorrow, disease, crime, and death. But his admonitions have not found a resting place in all our hearts.

              We, the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, now solemnly renew all these counsels, we repeat all these admonitions, we reinvoke obedience to God's law of health given us by God Himself.

              We repeat here the directions heretofore given by President Grant: We ask that every General Authority, every stake and ward officer, every officer of Priesthood quorums, every auxiliary officer in ward, stake, or general board, every president of mission, every regular or stake missionary, in short, every officer in every Church organization, strictly to keep the Word of Wisdom from this moment forward. If any feels too weak to do this, we must ask him to step aside for someone who is willing and able so to do, for there are thousands of Latter-day Saints who are willing to obey the commandments and who are able to carry on the work of the Lord.

              We ask all Church presiding officers immediately to set their official houses in order. ... (45)

 

-- Feb. 28, 1944

[Temple] ...  Bishops should always remember that only those who are really worthy members of the Church should be given recommends. They are not to be issued to persons who do not sustain the General Authorities of the Church; who are not honest tithepayers or who do not undertake to become honest tithepayers, as distinguished from part tithepayers or token payers; who do not observe the Word of Wisdom or express a willingness to undertake to observe the Word of Wisdom; and who are not otherwise fully worthy by believing in and living the gospel. ... [David O. McKay diary,  Feb. 28, 1944] (40)

 

-- Aug 16, 1944

First Presidency instructs its Hotel Utah to stop serving liquor. (7)

 

-- During 1946

(Matthew Cowley) Spent much of his life serving in alcoholic rehabilitation programs, counseling alcoholics and their families, and speaking to Alcoholics Anonymous groups. (14)

 

-- Jul 14, 1949

Presiding Bishop LeGrand Richards approves installation of cigarette vending machine in bus terminal of Church's Temple Square Hotel. (7)

 

-- Oct 16,1951

[Utah] Temple council of First Presidency, Quorum of Twelve Apostles and Patriarch to church decides to allow beer commercials on church-owned KSL television station. (53)

 

-- July 9, 1954

[Temple] Considered a letter * about issuing temple recommends to nontithe payers. I explained that people who go to the temple should be full tithe payers and should observe the Word of Wisdom; that as a matter of fact, it is a question of their faith. Men who have a testimony of the Gospel and believe it should contribute to it and if they fail to keep their promise to observe these commandments the Bishop has a right to withhold the recommend, not wholly on the failure to pay tithing but because of their lack of faith in the Gospel. Their failure to pay tithing would indicate their lack of faith in the Gospel. [David O. McKay diary,  July 9, 1954] (40)

 

-- Oct 12, 1954

.... Intermountain-based companies of national stature (not owned or controlled by LDS church) which have Mormon executives from their inception or at various times are ... Swire Coca-Cola USA... (7)

 

-- During 1954

In Doctrines of Salvation (1954), Vol 1:139-140, President Smith again comments about how life was transplanted from another earth.

               ... You also found Lucifer here, and all his associates, seeking to teach you all manner of false doctrine and trying to lead you astray; he sought to teach you to disobey law, to disregard commandments, and to freely eat of all the fruits and plants in the garden, of which you had been commanded not to partake; he taught you to forget the word of wisdom, to take the name of God in vain, and every other unholy and impure practices, and thus the years of youth went on, until by the bitters in life the law of repentance was awakened in your soul, and by this law you overcame temptation, turned away from sin as best you could, and sought to walk in obedience to all truth, and as you approached manhood, the law of matrimony came also before you. You accepted and obeyed, and entered into an everlasting covenant with one of the daughters of God, to be your wife and companion forever. ... (52)

 

-- Fri Feb 8, 1957

[David O. McKay Office Journal] 8:30 to 9:00 a.m.--The First Presidency met with Chief Cleon Skousen. 

               February 11, 1957:  8:30 a.m.--Met by appointment at his request Mayor Adiel Stewart.  He wanted to know if the city fathers are moving along the right line in trying to clean up the city of lawbreakers, especially with regard to the dispensing of liquor through private lockers by some of the clubs here in the city.  I told Mayor Stewart that we not only approve but consider it their duty to enforce the law.  I further said that I think Chief Cleon Skousen is the best Chief of Police we have had for many a day, and that he is doing what he thinks is right, and that he (Mayor Stewart) should uphold him in what he is trying to do. (77)

 

-- Feb. 1, 1960

[Temple] ... Every Church member eight years of age or over must have a recommend to enter the temple. .... Before issuing recommends bishops will assure themselves by searching inquiry that the recipients are free from all kinds of immoral practices; that they have no affiliation, in sympathy or otherwise, with any of the apostate groups that are running counter to the established order of the Church; that they sustain the local and General Authorities of the Church; are full tithepayers, or will covenant to become such; that they observe the Word of Wisdom, abstaining from tea, coffee, tobacco, and liquor; and that they are fully worthy as evidenced by their observance of the whole gospel law including abiding by all conditions of their temple obligations.... (40)

 

-- Jan 8, 1965

Secretary to the First Presidency Joseph L. Anderson writes in answer to a question by a Mormon "regarding the drinking of Sanka Coffee": "I am directed to tell you that the drinking of a beverage made from the coffee bean, from which all caffeine and deleterious drugs have been removed, is not regarded as a violation of the Word of Wisdom." (11)

 

-- Mar 26, 1966

CHURCH NEWS reports that Devendra J. Singh, former Hindu "is the first of his race to be called on a mission, the second East Indian to go through the temple and the fourth of his people to be ordained and elder." CHURCH NEWS editorial on "Politics and Religion" states: "We have been taught to avoid extremes and extremists, whether in the Word of Wisdom, in politics or in any other area of thought. The Lord's work is not accomplished by immoderate measures and radical groups . . .The Lord justifies us in defending our Constitution and this land for which it was written. But He does not justify radicalism in doing so. . . . The Church has nothing to do with Communists, nothing to do with racists, nothing to do with Birchers, nothing to do with any slanted group. But it does have everything to do with the eternal salvation of human souls." (7)

 

-- Aug. 30, 1966

[Temple] Inquiry has been received from the presidency of one of the stakes in Las Vegas regarding the attitude that the Church should assume in the matter of appointing to administrative positions or issuing temple recommends to employees [of ] gambling casinos, more specifically employees who are dealers, pit bosses, cashiers in tellers windows, change girls, bartenders, cocktail waitresses and cigar and cigarette girls. This question came before the Council of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve for consideration some months ago, and it was the sentiment of the Council at that time that we do not want any of our members participating in these gambling dens. President [David O.] McKay indicated that while he did not want to rule arbitrarily on this matter that we cannot handle whiskey and gambling without being scarred by it, and that our people should stay away from such places. The President further said that we had better not temporize with these things. 6. "STANDARDS AND PRINCIPLES" In a subsequent consideration of the matter it was decided to convey this information to stake presidents who are concerned with this problem and advise that we should not appoint to administrative positions nor issue temple recommends to people in these gambling places whose employment requires them to meet the public and participate in the manner indicated. We hope that our brethren and sisters can find employment in a more desirable environment. [David O. Mc- Kay, Hugh B. Brown, N. Eldon Tanner, and Joseph Fielding Smith to Stake Presidents in Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada, [and] Presidents of California Missions,  Aug. 30, 1966] (40)

 

-- Jun 1, 1969

Cigarette ads are henceforth banned on broadcasts of LDS church's radio and television stations in Utah, Washington state, Missouri, California, and New York. (7)

 

-- Oct 21, 1973

First Presidency letter urges 78,800 Mormons in Washington state to vote against referendum to allow nineteen-year-olds to purchase and consume alcoholic beverages. (7)

 

-- Jan 17, 1974

The ROLLING STONE publishes an article "The Mormon Word: No Hair, Sex or 3 Dog Night" which tells of the ASBYU Social Office's cancellation of a scheduled appearance by the group "Three Dog Night" immediately after a conference address by Boyd K. Packer. The article quotes Mark Alexander, BYU social vice-president: "In light of Elder Packer's talk, we are taking a closer look at the groups we are booking, and we are making sure we are in harmony with church standards". In the previous Oct General Conference, Packer referred to the "shabbiness, the irreverence, the immorality, and the addictions" associated with many contemporary entertainers, and intimated that the music itself was inherently evil. (11)

 

-- Jun 18, 1977

First-Presidency-commissioned editorial appears in DESERET NEWS in which the Church "officially" disclaims "fads . . . advocated under the guise of the Word of Wisdom by unauthorized persons with unwarranted claims respecting health." It also "completely" disclaims "any sponsorship or endorsement of such teachers, remedies, foods or fads" that "use other phases of religion . . . to give further appearance of credibility to their projects." The editorial reaffirms the Mormon view of medical care: "To refuse to accept assistance from the highly skilled men and women now available may be to reject the very help that could save a life. Some patients are known to have died from diseases which 'nature remedies' could not relieve but which proven medical practices could have cured . . ." (7)

 

-- Apr 19, 1979

A letter to the editor in the DESERET NEWS states, "As a member of the LDS church . . . I must express my feelings about your recent article on medical quackery (Apr 9). The article would have us believe the drug and surgery doctors are the'good guys' and all other health practitioners are the 'bad guys.' I resent that because it leaves my church and my God on the wrong side of the fence. In particular, I resent the inclusion among the 'quacks' of the doctors who treat with herbs." (7)

 

-- Jan 24, 1980

[U.S. Religious History] On this night, William Murray (son of American atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair) had a dream which he interpreted as a religious vision from God, leading to his conversion to a fundamentalist brand of Christianity. He gave up drinking and smoking and engaged in efforts to undue the separation of church and state which his mother had long struggled for. (1)

 

-- Feb 27, 1983

The sesquicentennial anniversary of the Word of Wisdom is observed throughout the Church and at the Newel K. Whitney store in Kirtland, Ohio, the location of the 1833 revelation. (72)

 

-- Apr 15, 1983

University Post: The Unofficial Newspaper of Brigham Young University reports interview with director of Standards Department. He acknowledges that students suspected of cheating, illegal drug use, stealing, or homosexuality are expelled from BYU if they refuse to take polygraph examination. BYU Security has licensed polygraph examiner. In separate article, newspaper's photographer reports observing Church Security using specially trained dogs to search for bombs prior to public meetings attended by general authorities in Salt Lake Tabernacle. (11)

 

-- Mar 24, 1994

Jane Partridge, president of her high school seminary class, testifies before U.S. congress in support of reducing legal limits for blood-alcohol level of teenage drivers. (7)

 

-- Mar 27, 1994

SALT LAKE TRIBUNE article, "The Ups and Downs of Prozac-Utah's Favorite Drug." The reporter quotes a distinguished psychiatrist as saying: "the typical Utahn taking Prozac frequently is a housewife overwhelmed with a lot of children. She's not able to deal with an unresolved problem with a marriage, and wants a solution. She will say to her doctor that she is kind of depressed and they will prescribe it. What she really needs is family counseling or therapy." The psychiatrist later claims he was misquoted. (7)

 

-- During 2002

LA Times reports that Utah ranks #1 in anti-depressant and narcotic drug usage. (78)

 

-- Jul 5, 2007

A new Brigham Young University study using sophisticated eye-tracking technology showed that, to most adolescents, alcohol advertisers' "responsible drinking" messages might as well be written in invisible ink. (79)

 

-- Nov 15, 2011

[Note:]

             

              This ends - A Chronology of the Word of Wisdom. Thanks for tuning in.

              In 1981, Dialogue published Lester Bush's groundbreaking article "The Word of Wisdom in Early Nineteenth-Century Perspective." It began, "despite its high visibility in every day Mormon life, the Word of Wisdom has received remarkably little attention in scholarly journals." The article was so popular, that issue of Dialogue sold out, and a special reprint of Bush's article was issued.

              Today, the history of the Word of Wisdom is still compelling. Adopted as an outward badge of Mormonism during the prohibition years, the Word of Wisdom has proven to be a prophetic revelatory suggestion turned commandment. As Lester Bush concludes in his article:

              '...whatever merit or function the Word of Wisdom had for the nineteenth century Mormons, in retrospect we know that circumstances changed around the turn of the century in such a way that its guidelines could unquestionably promote better physical health .... That this development--the implications of which were not apparent to the medical scientists for decades--coincided with a decision by the church leadership to require firm adherence to the Word of Wisdom is quite remarkable. It may well represent their most demonstrably prescient insight to date in helping assure that the "destroying angel" of disease will "pass us by."'

             

              Stay tuned. In a few days, the next topic will begin. In conjunction with the 2012 Relief Society/Priesthood Manual, the life of George Albert Smith will be reviewed.

              George Albert Smith became the 8th president of the LDS Church. LDS-Church-History will provide a detailed chronology of his life base on a variety of sources.

 

Endnotes:

(If you find this useful in prepping for a publication, consider a citation or acknowledgement.)

1 - Cline, Austin, History of American Religion: Timeline

2 - Broadhurst, Dale R., History and Genealogy of Sidney Rigdon: The First Theologian of the Latter Day Saints, http://sidneyrigdon.com/Rigdchrn.htm

3 - Wikipedia, Joseph Smith Chronology, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_Joseph_Smith,_Jr.

4 - Conklin, Christopher J., Joseph Smith Chronology

5 - Grunder, Rick, Mormon Parallels: A Bibliographic Source

6 - Kenny, Scott, Saints Without Halos, Mormon History 1830-1844, Word of Wisdom, http://www.saintswithouthalos.com/n/wow.phtml

7 - On This Day in Mormon History, http://onthisdayinmormonhistory.blogspot.com

8 - Cook, Lyndon, Revelations of the Prophet Joseph Smith: A Historical and Biographical Commentary of the Doctrine and Covenants, http://amzn.to/RevelationsofJosephSmith

9 - BYU Studies Journal, volume 46, no. 4: A Chronology of the Life of Joseph Smith, http://amzn.to/BYUStudies-JSChron

10 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Prohibition, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/p/PROHIBITION.html

11 - Advent Adam website (defunct) - based on http://amzn.to/originsofpower

12 - Kenny, Scott, Saints Without Halos, "Mormon History 1830-1844," http://saintswithouthalos.com/dirs/d_c.phtml

13 - http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/OPratt.html

14 - Van Wagoner, Richard and Walker, Steven C., A Book of Mormons, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

15 - Selected LDS Patriarchal Blessings, New Mormon Studies CD ROM, Signature Book, 2009, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

16 - Kenny, Scott, Saints Without Halos, Zion's Camp Chronology (1834), http://saintswithouthalos.com/c/1834_zc.phtml

17 - Quinn, D. Michael, The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power, Appendix 6, Biographical Sketches of General Officers of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1830-47, http://amzn.to/origins-power

18 - Quorum of the Twelve Apostles: Minutes of Meetings and Other Documents--Excerpts, 1835-1896, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

19 - Tidd, N. R., "Mormon Chronology"

20 - Anderson, Lavina Fielding, Editor, Lucy's Book: A Critical Edition of Lucy Mack Smith's Family Memoir, 2001, Signature Books, http://bit.ly/lucys-book

21 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1835-36, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

22 - Jenson, Andrew, Church Chronology

23 - The Woodland Institute, http://www.woodlandinstitute.com

24 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1838, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

25 - Manuscript History of Brigham Young, 1801-1844, ed. Elden Jay Watson (Salt Lake City: Smith Secretarial Service, 1968).

26 - George D. Smith, An Intimate Chronicle; The Journals of William Clayton, Signature Books in association with Smith Research Associates, Salt Lake City, 1995, http://amzn.to/william-clayton

27 - Fillerup, Robert C., compiler; William Clayton Nauvoo Diaries and Personal Writings, A chronological compilation of the personal writings of William Clayton while he was a resident of Nauvoo, Illinois. http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/clayton-diaries

28 - Scott H. Faulring, An American Prophet's Record: Journal, ca. 1841-43 'The Book of the Law of the Lord', http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

29 - Crapo, Richley, Chronology Pertaining to Blacks and the LDS Priesthood, http://www.mormonsocialscience.org/node/62

30 - Minutes of the High Council of the Church of Jesus Christ of Nauvoo Illinois: Nauvoo Hancock County Illinois, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

31 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1842-43, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

32 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1843, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

33 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1843-44, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

34 - Joseph Smith Polygamy Timeline, http://www.i4m.com/think/polygamy/JS_Polygamy_Timeline.htm

35 - Quinn, D. Michael, The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power, Appendix 7: Selected Chronology of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1830-47, http://amzn.to/origins-power

36 - Joseph Smith Resource Center: Daily Events in the Life of Joseph Smith, http://josephsmith.net/josephsmith/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=e581001cfb340010VgnVCM1000001f5e340aRCRDlocale=0

37 - Wilford Woodruff's Journal: 1833-1898 Typescript, Volumes 1-9, Edited by Scott G. Kenney, Signature Books 1993, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

38 - Faulring, Scott (ed.), An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith: Joseph Smith Diary, 1844, http://amzn.to/jsdiaries

39 - Quinn, D. Michael, The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power, Signature Books, 1994, Appendex: Meetings and Initiations of the Anointed Quorum, 1842-45, http://amzn.to/origins-power

40 - Anderson, Devery; The Development of LDS Temple Worship, 1846-2000: A Documentary History, http://amzn.to/mo-temple

41 - Cook, Lyndon W., The Revelations of the Prophet Joseph Smith: A Historical and Biographical Commentary of the Doctrine and Covenants, Seventy's Mission Bookstore, Provo UT, 1985, http://amzn.to/RevelationsofJosephSmith

42 - Apostle Willard Richards Journal

43 - Discourses of Brigham Young

44 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Deseret, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/d/DESERET.html

45 - Clark, James R., Messages of the First Presidency (6 volumes)

46 - Journal of Discourses, http://jod.mrm.org

47 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Francis M. Lyman, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/l/LYMAN%2CFRANCIS.html

48 - LDS Church News: Nauvoo -- The City of Joseph, http://www.ldschurchnews.com/articles/58063/Church-history--Nauvoo.html

49 - Letters of Brigham Young--Excerpts, 1856-1866, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

50 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Journalism, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/j/JOURNALISM.html

51 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Godbeites, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/g/GODBEITES.html

52 - Quotations Dealing with the Relationship of Our First Earthy Parents to Our Heavenly Parents (1830-1978)

53 - Quinn, D. Michael, The Mormon Hierarchy: Extensions of Power, Appendix 5, Selected Chronology of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1848-1996, http://amzn.to/extensions-power

54 - Diary Excerpts of L. John Nuttall, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

55 - Abraham H. Cannon Mission Journal

56 - Jean Bickmore White (editor), Church, State, and Politics: The Diaries of John Henry Smith, Signature Books in association with Smith Research Associates, Salt Lake City, 1990, http://bit.ly/johnhenrysmith

57 - Abraham H. Cannon Journal Excerpts, http://www.amazon.com/Apostles-Record-Journals-Abraham-1889-1896/dp/B000MFD1K4

58 - Diary Excerpts of J.D.T. McAllister, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

59 - Diary of Heber J. Grant, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

60 - Talmage journal entry

61 - Diary of Apostle Brigham Young Jr., http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

62 - Diary Excerpts of Franklin D. Richards, 1887-1897, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

63 - Notes from the Miscellaneous Record Book, 1886-1906: Selected diary notes from the journal books of Marriner Wood Merrill, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

64 - Diary of Apostle Abraham H. Cannon, http://www.amazon.com/Apostles-Record-Journals-Abraham-1889-1896/dp/B000MFD1K4

65 - Diary Excerpts of Thomas A. Clawson, Signature Books Library, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

66 - Excerpts of Apostle Francis M. Lyman Diaries, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

67 - Diary Excerpts of Anthony W. Ivins, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies

68 - Stan Larson (editor), A Ministry of Meetings: The Apostolic diaries of Rudger Clawson, Signature Books in association with Smith Research Associates, Salt Lake City, 1993, http://bit.ly/rudgerclawson

69 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Third Parties in Utah, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/t/THIRDPARTIES.html

70 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Utah Immigration, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/i/IMMIGRATION.html

71 - History to Go, Statehood, http://historytogo.utah.gov/timeline/statehood.html

72 - The Woodland Institute 'On This Day Historical Database,' http://www.woodlandinstitute.com

73 - Sherry Baker: Mormon Media History Timeline: 1827-2007, http://byustudies.byu.edu/showTitle.aspx?title=7984

74 - Hemidakaota, "Church Chronology from 1800-2000," http://www.lds.net/forums/scripture-study-forum/12108-church-chronology-1800-2000-part-1-a.html#post214550

75 - Church News: Historical Chronology of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, http://www.ldschurchnews.com/articles/58765/Historical-chronology-of-The-Church-of-Jesus-Christ-of-Latter-day-Saints.html

76 - Utah History Encyclopedia: Hugh B. Brown, http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/b/BROWN%2CHUGH.html

77 - McKay, David O., Office Journal

78 - Standing for Something More: The Excommunication of Lyndon Lamborn: Appendix D, Modern True History Timeline of the LDS Church, by Lindon Lamborn, http://www.amazon.com/Standing-Something-More-Excommunication-ebook/dp/B004R1PYEK

79 - Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, United Kingdom, "On This Day," https://www.lds.org.uk/show_oda.php